{"key":"op_108_IL","page":{"url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=israel/procedure=reconstructive-breast-surgery/","procedure":{"id":108,"slug":"reconstructive-breast-surgery","name":"Breast reconstruction surgery","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"surgery","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"plastic-surgery","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":1,"iso":"IL","name":"Israel"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-02"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=israel/procedure=reconstructive-breast-surgery/","cost_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=israel/procedure=reconstructive-breast-surgery/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":9500,"to":15500,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":12000,"to":32000},"uk":{"from":6500,"to":17500},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Haifa","from":12800},{"city":"Tel Aviv","from":9500}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":3000,"to":6000},{"country_iso":"FR","from":7500,"to":13500},{"country_iso":"GB","from":6500,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"US","from":12000,"to":32000},{"country_iso":"TR","from":3000,"to":6000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":4000,"to":6800},{"country_iso":"DE","from":13200,"to":15000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":9500,"to":19500},{"country_iso":"AE","from":4000,"to":13500},{"country_iso":"TH","from":7000,"to":11000},{"country_iso":"PL","from":5800,"to":8500},{"country_iso":"KR","from":8000,"to":10000},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":3500,"to":7800},{"country_iso":"AT","from":9000,"to":16000},{"country_iso":"ES","from":5000,"to":10100},{"country_iso":"IT","from":6500,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"CN","from":5500,"to":12000},{"country_iso":"AU","from":14000,"to":24000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":2500,"to":7500},{"country_iso":"MY","from":5500,"to":9500},{"country_iso":"VN","from":3500,"to":6500},{"country_iso":"BR","from":8000,"to":9500},{"country_iso":"CH","from":20000,"to":27000},{"country_iso":"LT","from":6000,"to":6200}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":21,"variant":"ranges_overlap"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":3,"items":[{"id":1,"name":"Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov)","city":"Tel Aviv","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":172,"accreditations":["World's Best Smart Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","World's Best Hospitals 2020 by Newsweek","Patient choice for Check-up","Fastest treatment organization","Joint Commission International","World's Best Specialized Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek","World's Best Smart Hospitals 2023 by Newsweek","World's Best Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Offers oncoplastic breast reconstruction combining cancer surgery with plastic reconstruction in one procedure. Two options: implant or autologous tissue. JCI-accredited with multidisciplinary team for coordinated care.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8,"name":"Assuta Medical Center","city":"Tel Aviv","rating":4.4,"reviews_count":13,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"JCI-accredited hospital with 93% success rate for reconstructive breast procedures. Specialist-led plastic surgery department uses innovative techniques in 95% of cases.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":17,"name":"Rambam Medical Center","city":"Haifa","rating":5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","World's Best Smart Hospitals 2023 by Newsweek"],"rank":3,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":5,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":8,"slug":"haifa","name":"Haifa","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":12800,"profile":{"city_type":"Major Mediterranean seaport city","access":["Ben Gurion Airport (TLV), 100 km from Haifa"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa","https://dislocations2019.net.technion.ac.il/general-information-2/travel-and-transportation/"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":2,"slug":"tel-aviv","name":"Tel Aviv","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":9500,"profile":{"city_type":"Mediterranean coastal economic and tech hub","access":["Ben Gurion Airport (TLV), 20 km southeast of city"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel_Aviv","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Gurion_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Breast absence after mastectomy for breast cancer, immediate or delayed","Breast deformity after lumpectomy or radiotherapy","Risk-reducing mastectomy in high-risk patients (e.g., BRCA mutation)","Prior or planned radiotherapy, where implants are less suitable","Inadequate skin envelope for implants, with adequate abdominal tissue"],"contraindications":["Unfit for prolonged general anesthesia (severe uncontrolled disease)","Active infection at chest, abdominal donor site, or systemic","Current smoking or nicotine use (usually relative)","Insufficient abdominal tissue or damaged epigastric vessels (relative)","Very high BMI or poorly controlled diabetes (relative)","Prior thrombosis or clotting disorder without hematology planning (relative)","Pregnancy","Advanced or inflammatory cancer; reconstruction may be deferred (relative)"],"operation_hours":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for uncomplicated unilateral DIEP with microvascular anastomosis; longer if combined with mastectomy or complicated by vessel problems."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"One primary DIEP free-flap operation with a single hospital admission."},"stages":[{"code":"planning_imaging","label":"Surgical planning and perforator imaging","after":{"min":0,"max":30,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After First consultation: Planning and imaging are scheduled before surgery, counted from the first consultation; timing depends on cancer treatment."}},{"code":"inpatient_monitoring","label":"Inpatient flap monitoring, drain care, and mobilization","after":{"min":0,"max":6,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Uncomplicated stay; flap checks continue until discharge."}},{"code":"optional_refinement","label":"Optional contour or nipple-areola refinement","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Conditional, not mandatory; timing depends on healing, swelling, and any adjuvant therapy."}}],"qualifier":"Primary numbers cover only the single DIEP operation. Later refinements are optional, and implant-based reconstruction is outside this profile."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated unilateral DIEP with flap monitoring, drains and early mobilization. Complications or return to theater lengthen the stay."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":28,"max":84,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary daily function returns after uncomplicated unilateral DIEP; slower with complications or adjuvant therapy."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Once discharged, mobile, drains removed or managed, no flap concerns and team clears travel; take VTE precautions."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":28,"max":56,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk or light work after surgeon clearance following uncomplicated unilateral DIEP; physical or heavy-lifting jobs take longer."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous exercise, core loading and heavy lifting after surgeon clearance and stable healing; walking starts within days."},"final_result_months":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling settles and the breast softens; scars mature longer. Optional refinements extend this."},"result_longevity":"The reconstructed breast is made of the patient's own tissue and is generally long-lasting, changing with weight and aging. Fat necrosis or contour changes may occasionally need revision.","main_risks":["Flap thrombosis or vascular compromise; flap loss uncommon (about 1–3%)","Fat necrosis or partial flap necrosis","Hematoma, seroma, infection, or delayed healing","Abdominal wall weakness, bulge, hernia, or numbness","Mastectomy skin necrosis and altered breast sensation","Asymmetry or contour irregularity needing revision","Venous thromboembolism and anesthesia complications","Long surgery, blood loss, and transfusion"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Significant early flap or donor-site complications within about 3 months after unilateral DIEP; varies with risk factors."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":20,"max":50,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Later contour, fat grafting, or nipple-related revisions within 1-2 years after unilateral DIEP; many are elective."},"success":{"metric":"Early flap survival without total flap loss","value":97,"horizon":"During the initial hospital stay and first weeks","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Breast scar (mastectomy scar or new incision if delayed), a long low horizontal abdominal scar, and a scar around the navel. Small drain marks; scars mature over 12 months or longer.","pain":"Moderate to significant pain in the first days, mainly at the abdominal donor site, controlled with multimodal analgesia. Discomfort and tightness usually ease over several weeks. Numbness or altered sensation may persist.","preparation":["Oncologic and plastic surgery planning, including timing","Medical assessment, blood tests, and anesthesia review","CT or MR angiography to map abdominal perforators","Stop smoking and nicotine for weeks before and after","Review medications and supplements, including blood thinners","Fasting before general anesthesia","Pre-operative marking and photographs","Arrange home help and nearby lodging after discharge"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (about 3-6 nights)","description":"Flap monitoring, drain care, pain control, VTE prevention, and early mobilization with sitting and short walks.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid pressure or tension on flap and abdomen","Nicotine avoidance continues"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1-6","description":"Home recovery with drains managed until removal, gradual walking, and a flexed-hip posture easing as the abdomen heals.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting","No strenuous or core exercise","Wear supportive garments"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6-12","description":"Ordinary function and desk work fully resume; physical work and exercise return stepwise after clearance.","restrictions":["Heavy lifting and high-impact sport only after surgeon clearance"]},{"phase":"Months 6-12","description":"Swelling resolves, the breast softens, and scars mature; optional refinement can be planned.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"phase":"At any time","description":"Seek urgent care for flap color change or coolness, sudden swelling, fever, wound discharge, chest pain, breathlessness, calf swelling, or severe abdominal pain.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After Hospital discharge: First outpatient wound and flap check; drains reviewed if still in place."}},{"purpose":"other","requirement":"conditional","after":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Drain removal review once output criteria are met."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":42,"max":84,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Healing and activity clearance review."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":180,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Result review and discussion of optional refinement."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask how many reconstructive breast surgeries the surgeon has performed","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/breast/breast-reconstruction/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"How many reconstructive breast surgeries have you performed?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask whether the surgeon has before and after photos of breast reconstruction procedures you can see","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/breast/breast-reconstruction/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Do you have before and after photos of breast reconstruction procedures that I can see?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you have two consultations with the treating surgeon before any surgery","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You should have 2 consultations with the surgeon treating you before any surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated before you agree to treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you understand the possible complications and side effects of the treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Make sure you understand the possible complications and side effects that could arise from your treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Cut-price campaigns or cheap offers for surgery are a warning sign","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://bapras.org.uk/media-government/news-and-views/view/cut-it-out-surgery-societies-and-britain's-largest-surgical-royal-college-slam-summer-discounts","host":"bapras.org.uk","quote":"Surgery should never be subject to cut price campaigns or cheap offers, it is too important.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A consultation only with sales staff, not the surgeon, is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"make sure you have a consultation with the surgeon (avoid meetings only with sales people)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"A surgeon who cannot show before and after pictures of their work is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"They should be able to show before and after pictures of their work.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-02-10"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Gives your home doctor information about your treatment and future care needs","document":"discharge letter for gp","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/hospitals/going-into-hospital/being-discharged-from-hospital","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You'll also be given a letter for your GP, providing information about your treatment and future care needs.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Lets a doctor at home identify the breast implants you received","document":"implant registration card","source":{"url":"https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-medical-devices/breast-implants/what-to-know.html","host":"canada.ca","quote":"You should also receive a product registration card from your surgeon with information about the implant or implants.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":28,"max":56,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk or light work after surgeon clearance following uncomplicated unilateral DIEP; physical or heavy-lifting jobs take longer."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Significant early flap or donor-site complications within about 3 months after unilateral DIEP; varies with risk factors."},"contraindications":["Unfit for prolonged general anesthesia (severe uncontrolled disease)","Active infection at chest, abdominal donor site, or systemic","Current smoking or nicotine use (usually relative)","Insufficient abdominal tissue or damaged epigastric vessels (relative)","Very high BMI or poorly controlled diabetes (relative)","Prior thrombosis or clotting disorder without hematology planning (relative)","Pregnancy","Advanced or inflammatory cancer; reconstruction may be deferred (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated unilateral DIEP with flap monitoring, drains and early mobilization. Complications or return to theater lengthen the stay."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous exercise, core loading and heavy lifting after surgeon clearance and stable healing; walking starts within days."},"final_result_months":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling settles and the breast softens; scars mature longer. Optional refinements extend this."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Once discharged, mobile, drains removed or managed, no flap concerns and team clears travel; take VTE precautions."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After Hospital discharge: First outpatient wound and flap check; drains reviewed if still in place."}},{"purpose":"other","requirement":"conditional","after":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Drain removal review once output criteria are met."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":42,"max":84,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Healing and activity clearance review."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":180,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Result review and discussion of optional refinement."}}],"indications":["Breast absence after mastectomy for breast cancer, immediate or delayed","Breast deformity after lumpectomy or radiotherapy","Risk-reducing mastectomy in high-risk patients (e.g., BRCA mutation)","Prior or planned radiotherapy, where implants are less suitable","Inadequate skin envelope for implants, with adequate abdominal tissue"],"main_risks":["Flap thrombosis or vascular compromise; flap loss uncommon (about 1–3%)","Fat necrosis or partial flap necrosis","Hematoma, seroma, infection, or delayed healing","Abdominal wall weakness, bulge, hernia, or numbness","Mastectomy skin necrosis and altered breast sensation","Asymmetry or contour irregularity needing revision","Venous thromboembolism and anesthesia complications","Long surgery, blood loss, and transfusion"],"pain":"Moderate to significant pain in the first days, mainly at the abdominal donor site, controlled with multimodal analgesia. Discomfort and tightness usually ease over several weeks. Numbness or altered sensation may persist.","preparation":["Oncologic and plastic surgery planning, including timing","Medical assessment, blood tests, and anesthesia review","CT or MR angiography to map abdominal perforators","Stop smoking and nicotine for weeks before and after","Review medications and supplements, including blood thinners","Fasting before general anesthesia","Pre-operative marking and photographs","Arrange home help and nearby lodging after discharge"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (about 3-6 nights)","description":"Flap monitoring, drain care, pain control, VTE prevention, and early mobilization with sitting and short walks.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid pressure or tension on flap and abdomen","Nicotine avoidance continues"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1-6","description":"Home recovery with drains managed until removal, gradual walking, and a flexed-hip posture easing as the abdomen heals.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting","No strenuous or core exercise","Wear supportive garments"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6-12","description":"Ordinary function and desk work fully resume; physical work and exercise return stepwise after clearance.","restrictions":["Heavy lifting and high-impact sport only after surgeon clearance"]},{"phase":"Months 6-12","description":"Swelling resolves, the breast softens, and scars mature; optional refinement can be planned.","restrictions":[]},{"phase":"At any time","description":"Seek urgent care for flap color change or coolness, sudden swelling, fever, wound discharge, chest pain, breathlessness, calf swelling, or severe abdominal pain.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":28,"max":84,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary daily function returns after uncomplicated unilateral DIEP; slower with complications or adjuvant therapy."},"result_longevity":"The reconstructed breast is made of the patient's own tissue and is generally long-lasting, changing with weight and aging. Fat necrosis or contour changes may occasionally need revision.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":20,"max":50,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Later contour, fat grafting, or nipple-related revisions within 1-2 years after unilateral DIEP; many are elective."},"scars":"Breast scar (mastectomy scar or new incision if delayed), a long low horizontal abdominal scar, and a scar around the navel. Small drain marks; scars mature over 12 months or longer.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"One primary DIEP free-flap operation with a single hospital admission."},"stages":[{"code":"planning_imaging","label":"Surgical planning and perforator imaging","after":{"min":0,"max":30,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After First consultation: Planning and imaging are scheduled before surgery, counted from the first consultation; timing depends on cancer treatment."}},{"code":"inpatient_monitoring","label":"Inpatient flap monitoring, drain care, and mobilization","after":{"min":0,"max":6,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Uncomplicated stay; flap checks continue until discharge."}},{"code":"optional_refinement","label":"Optional contour or nipple-areola refinement","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After DIEP flap surgery: Conditional, not mandatory; timing depends on healing, swelling, and any adjuvant therapy."}}],"qualifier":"Primary numbers cover only the single DIEP operation. Later refinements are optional, and implant-based reconstruction is outside this profile."},"success":{"metric":"Early flap survival without total flap loss","value":97,"unit":"percent","horizon":"During the initial hospital stay and first weeks","population":"Adults after unilateral DIEP free-flap breast reconstruction in specialist microsurgical centers","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Unilateral DIEP free-flap breast reconstruction (primary profile)","suits_whom":"Patients with enough lower abdominal tissue and suitable perforator vessels who want autologous reconstruction after mastectomy.","recovery":"Several inpatient nights with flap monitoring; ordinary functional recovery takes several weeks."},{"name":"Alternative: implant or tissue expander-based reconstruction (outside primary numbers)","suits_whom":"Patients with adequate skin envelope who prefer a shorter operation or no donor site.","recovery":"Shorter initial stay; may need expansion visits and later implant exchange."},{"name":"Alternative: other flaps (e.g., muscle-sparing TRAM, latissimus dorsi, thigh flaps) (outside primary numbers)","suits_whom":"Patients unsuitable for DIEP because of insufficient abdominal tissue or vessel anatomy.","recovery":"Varies by flap and donor site."},{"name":"Optional nipple-areola reconstruction and contour refinement (outside primary numbers)","suits_whom":"Patients who have healed after breast mound reconstruction and want nipple restoration or symmetry adjustment.","recovery":"Usually short procedures, often day-case; recovery is shorter than for the primary operation."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for uncomplicated unilateral DIEP with microvascular anastomosis; longer if combined with mastectomy or complicated by vessel problems."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Front, side and back photos of torso","Mastectomy operative and pathology reports","Oncology treatment summary with radiotherapy dates","Abdominal CT or MR angiography (if available)","Previous abdominal surgery history and scars"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single DIEP operation; about 2-3 weeks total for stay, drains and travel clearance. Follow-ups can be done at home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask how many reconstructive breast surgeries the surgeon has performed","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/breast/breast-reconstruction/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"How many reconstructive breast surgeries have you performed?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask whether the surgeon has before and after photos of breast reconstruction procedures you can see","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.theaestheticsociety.org/procedures/breast/breast-reconstruction/selecting-surgeon","host":"theaestheticsociety.org","quote":"Do you have before and after photos of breast reconstruction procedures that I can see?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you have two consultations with the treating surgeon before any surgery","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You should have 2 consultations with the surgeon treating you before any surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated before you agree to treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you understand the possible complications and side effects of the treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Make sure you understand the possible complications and side effects that could arise from your treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Cut-price campaigns or cheap offers for surgery are a warning sign","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://bapras.org.uk/media-government/news-and-views/view/cut-it-out-surgery-societies-and-britain's-largest-surgical-royal-college-slam-summer-discounts","host":"bapras.org.uk","quote":"Surgery should never be subject to cut price campaigns or cheap offers, it is too important.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A consultation only with sales staff, not the surgeon, is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"make sure you have a consultation with the surgeon (avoid meetings only with sales people)","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"A surgeon who cannot show before and after pictures of their work is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cosmetic-procedures/cosmetic-surgery-abroad/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"They should be able to show before and after pictures of their work.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-02-10"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Gives your home doctor information about your treatment and future care needs","document":"discharge letter for gp","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/hospitals/going-into-hospital/being-discharged-from-hospital","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You'll also be given a letter for your GP, providing information about your treatment and future care needs.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Lets a doctor at home identify the breast implants you received","document":"implant registration card","source":{"url":"https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-medical-devices/breast-implants/what-to-know.html","host":"canada.ca","quote":"You should also receive a product registration card from your surgeon with information about the implant or implants.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You would rather not have reconstruction surgery after mastectomy","name":"Breast prosthesis","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Instead, they wear a breast form (prosthesis) inside a special bra.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"unilateral-diep-free-flap","name":"Unilateral DIEP free-flap breast reconstruction (primary profile)","how_it_works":{"text":"Tissue is moved to the chest using microsurgery","source":{"url":"https://health.ucdavis.edu/plasticsurgery/procedures/diep.html","host":"health.ucdavis.edu","quote":"The prepared tissue (\"flap\") is then disconnected from the body and transplanted to the chest using microsurgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"alternative-implant-tissue","name":"Alternative: implant or tissue expander-based reconstruction (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"text":"Saline or silicone implants are used to recreate breast tissue","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"In implant reconstruction, surgeons use saline or silicone implants to recreate breast tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"alternative-other-flaps","name":"Alternative: other flaps (e.g., muscle-sparing TRAM, latissimus dorsi, thigh flaps) (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"text":"A flap of your own tissue rebuilds the breast","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Other techniques use a flap of tissue from your body (such as tissue from the lower belly).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"optional-nipple-areola","name":"Optional nipple-areola reconstruction and contour refinement (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"text":"Surgeons can create a new nipple if needed","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"If necessary, providers can create a new nipple.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"unilateral-diep-free-flap","name":"Unilateral DIEP free-flap breast reconstruction (primary profile)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Tissue is moved to the chest using microsurgery","source":{"url":"https://health.ucdavis.edu/plasticsurgery/procedures/diep.html","host":"health.ucdavis.edu","quote":"The prepared tissue (\"flap\") is then disconnected from the body and transplanted to the chest using microsurgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients with enough lower abdominal tissue and suitable perforator vessels who want autologous reconstruction after mastectomy.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Several inpatient nights with flap monitoring; ordinary functional recovery takes several weeks."},{"id":"alternative-implant-tissue","name":"Alternative: implant or tissue expander-based reconstruction (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Saline or silicone implants are used to recreate breast tissue","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"In implant reconstruction, surgeons use saline or silicone implants to recreate breast tissue.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients with adequate skin envelope who prefer a shorter operation or no donor site.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Shorter initial stay; may need expansion visits and later implant exchange."},{"id":"alternative-other-flaps","name":"Alternative: other flaps (e.g., muscle-sparing TRAM, latissimus dorsi, thigh flaps) (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"A flap of your own tissue rebuilds the breast","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Other techniques use a flap of tissue from your body (such as tissue from the lower belly).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients unsuitable for DIEP because of insufficient abdominal tissue or vessel anatomy.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Varies by flap and donor site."},{"id":"optional-nipple-areola","name":"Optional nipple-areola reconstruction and contour refinement (outside primary numbers)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Surgeons can create a new nipple if needed","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"If necessary, providers can create a new nipple.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients who have healed after breast mound reconstruction and want nipple restoration or symmetry adjustment.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Usually short procedures, often day-case; recovery is shorter than for the primary operation."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You would rather not have reconstruction surgery after mastectomy","name":"Breast prosthesis","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/breast-reconstruction","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Instead, they wear a breast form (prosthesis) inside a special bra.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"British citizens can visit Israel as tourists without a visa","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/israel/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can visit Israel without a visa as a tourist.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"To enter Israel, your passport must have an expiry date at least 90 days after the date you arrive","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/israel/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To enter Israel or Palestine, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 90 days after the date you arrive.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V3","item":"arrival_form","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"Visitors must get an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) before arriving in Israel","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/israel/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"As of 1 January 2025, to visit Israel you will need to get an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) before you arrive.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Hospitals in Israel insist on payment and may take legal action to stop you leaving until bills are paid","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/israel/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Hospitals will insist on payment and may take legal action to stop you leaving until bills are paid.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["austria","azerbaijan","brazil","colombia","costa-rica","czech-republic","dominican-republic","egypt","france","germany","greece","india","italy","lithuania","mexico","poland","portugal","republic-of-korea","spain","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine","united-arab-emirates","united-kingdom","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.5,"count":187,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Breast reconstruction surgery in Israel typically costs from _op_108_price_from_ to _op_108_price_to_. The final price depends on the surgical technique, such as using implants or the patient's own tissue. Regional factors in cities like Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Jerusalem also influence the budget. In the US, this procedure costs _price_compare_US_average_ on average, while Israel offers savings of approximately _price_percent_discount_%.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Surgical technique:</strong> Flap reconstruction using body tissue typically costs 50-80% more than implant-based methods.</li>\n<li><strong>Medical facility location:</strong> Private centers in Tel Aviv often carry a 15-20% premium over regional hubs.</li>\n<li><strong>Pre-operative diagnostics:</strong> Required PET-CT scans or MRIs can add between $1,500 and $2,200 to the total.</li>\n<li><strong>Hospital stay:</strong> Standard pricing usually includes anesthesia fees and several days of inpatient hospitalization.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Choosing a specialist like Dr. Yoav Barnea at Sourasky Medical Center offers exceptional value. He brings microsurgical expertise from MD Anderson Cancer Center to one of Newsweek's top-ranked hospitals. While private clinics like Assuta provide high attentiveness, academic centers often handle complex flap reconstructions. Patients can find world-class care in Tel Aviv where oncology success rates reach 90%.</p>","faq":[{"q":"Why is Israel a top destination for neurosurgery?","a":"<p>Israel is a premier neurosurgery hub due to its fusion of high-density medical innovation and elite surgical expertise. Top facilities like Sheba Medical Center integrate AI-guided navigation and real-time intraoperative MRI. Specialized centers report 98% success rates for complex procedures including awake craniotomy and movement disorder treatments.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Advanced technology:</strong> Clinics utilize MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) and robotic systems for incisions.</li> <li><strong>Surgical expertise:</strong> Surgeons like Dr. Zvi Ram lead international associations with 25+ years experience.</li> <li><strong>Rapid access:</strong> International patients typically schedule complex brain or spine surgeries within 2–4 weeks.</li> <li><strong>Accredited care:</strong> Major centers like Sourasky (Ichilov) and Assuta hold JCI accreditation for safety.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows a clear divide between public and private options in Israel. Private centers like Assuta Medical Center perform over 92,000 operations annually and allow patients to select their specific lead surgeon. This is a vital advantage for complex cases where a specific expert like Dr. Eli Ashkenazi is preferred for his 1,000+ spine surgery record.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize bringing original imaging on a USB for local review to streamline the surgical plan. They also note that private packages often include hotel coordination and airport transfers, making the logistics much smoother.</p>"},{"q":"What types of neurosurgical conditions are treated in Israel?","a":"<p>Israeli neurosurgeons treat a full spectrum of conditions ranging from brain and spinal tumors to complex functional disorders. Specialized centers utilize advanced technologies like Gamma Knife, deep brain stimulation, and intraoperative MRI to manage epilepsy, Parkinson disease, and cerebrovascular pathologies with high precision.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Oncological conditions:</strong> Treatment for gliomas, meningiomas, and pituitary tumors using skull base resection.</li> <li><strong>Functional disorders:</strong> Management of Parkinson disease and essential tremors via deep brain stimulation.</li> <li><strong>Spinal pathologies:</strong> Correction of scoliosis, herniated discs, and spinal tumors using robotic systems.</li> <li><strong>Cerebrovascular care:</strong> Surgical repair of brain aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations with endovascular interventions.</li> <li><strong>Pediatric neurosurgery:</strong> Specialized care for hydrocephalus and congenital anomalies at dedicated children centers.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Israeli hospitals often combine specialties to handle complex cases. At Sourasky Medical Center, neurosurgeons like Dr. Zvi Lidar bridge neurosurgery and orthopedics for spinal care. This multidisciplinary approach allows clinics to perform 34,000+ operations annually. Choosing a facility with this crossover expertise often leads to more comprehensive treatment plans for degenerative diseases.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value the ability to access specialized treatments like fluorescence-guided surgery for tumors which are often unavailable elsewhere. Many note that the staff is fluent in English and provides clear communication through teleconsultations before traveling.</p>"},{"q":"Which hospitals in Israel are best known for neurosurgery?","a":"<p>Israel is home to world-renowned neurosurgery centers like Sourasky Medical Center, Sheba Medical Center, and Hadassah Medical Center. These facilities are globally ranked for treating complex brain tumors, spinal disorders, and movement diseases. They utilize advanced technologies like Gamma Knife, robotic systems, and intra-operative MRI.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Sourasky (Ichilov):</strong> Performs 2,500+ neurosurgical operations yearly with a 98% success rate in Tel Aviv.</li> <li><strong>Sheba Medical Center:</strong> Ranked among the world's top 10 hospitals. It treats 1.9 million patients annually.</li> <li><strong>Hadassah Medical Center:</strong> A Nobel Peace Prize nominee. It leads in pediatric neurosurgery and gene-based therapies.</li> <li><strong>Assuta Medical Center:</strong> Israel's largest private facility. It specializes in minimally invasive spine and brain surgeries.</li> <li><strong>Schneider Children's:</strong> The primary center for pediatric neurosurgery. It treats 275,000 children every year.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Our data shows that while most patients focus on Tel Aviv, Rambam Medical Center in Haifa offers unique expertise in neuro-trauma. It operates a specialized neuro-ICU and serves nearly 1 million patients annually. This makes it an essential choice for complex post-trauma brain surgeries that requires intensive recovery support.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note it is important to start consultations early. They often highlight that the precision and follow-up care for complex brain tumors exceeded their expectations. One patient emphasized how quickly they could connect with top professors for second opinions during critical neurosurgical cases.</p>"},{"q":"Who are Israel’s leading neurosurgeons?","a":"<p>Israel's leading neurosurgeons include Prof. Zvi Ram, Prof. Shlomi Constantini, and Prof. Itzhak Fried at Sourasky Medical Center. These specialists hold leadership roles in the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) and the World Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (WSSFN). They utilize advanced intraoperative mapping and robotic systems.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Prof. Zvi Ram:</strong> Expert in minimally invasive brain tumor surgery and gene-based oncology therapies.</li> <li><strong>Prof. Shlomi Constantini:</strong> Specializes in complex pediatric neuro-endoscopy and brain tumor microsurgery.</li> <li><strong>Prof. Itzhak Fried:</strong> Authority on epilepsy surgery, functional brain mapping, and deep brain stimulation.</li> <li><strong>Dr. Eli Ashkenazi:</strong> Leading spine surgeon at Assuta, specializing in the innovative TOPS system.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from Sourasky and Sheba indicates a strong correlation between high surgical volumes and patient safety. For example, Sourasky performs 34,000+ operations annually with a 90% oncology success rate. Patients seeking complex tumor removals should prioritize centers like these where surgeons perform hundreds of specific cases each year.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of finding a surgeon who specializes specifically in your condition rather than a generalist. Many note that high-volume centers provide better access to English-speaking staff and coordinated care for international visitors.</p>"},{"q":"What are the admission requirements for international neurosurgery patients?","a":"<p>International neurosurgery patients in Israel must provide comprehensive medical records including recent MRI or CT scans translated into English. Admission requires a clinical review by specialists to confirm treatment feasibility. Hospitals often mandate full advance payment or a significant deposit before confirming surgery dates or issuing visa support letters.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Medical documentation:</strong> Submit detailed English-translated reports and imaging for clinical review within 48 hours.</li> <li><strong>Financial clearance:</strong> Provide proof of funds for approximately _price_from_ to _price_to_ for treatment.</li> <li><strong>Visa support:</strong> Clinics like Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) issue official letters for medical B-2 visas.</li> <li><strong>Consultation phase:</strong> Initial assessment often occurs via online consultation with surgeons like Dr. Strauss Ido.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows that top Israeli facilities like Sheba Medical Center and Hadassah Medical Center handle massive patient volumes, exceeding 1,000,000 people annually. This high demand means clinics prioritize complex or rare cases over routine procedures. Patients with unique or high-risk conditions often receive faster admission approval than those seeking standard treatments available elsewhere.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note that having all imaging results ready in English is essential for quick scheduling. Many emphasize that while the medical care is excellent, coordinating around Shabbat closures is necessary to avoid unexpected diagnostic delays.</p>"},{"q":"How long will I need to stay in Israel for neurosurgery and follow-up?","a":"<p>A standard stay for neurosurgery in Israel ranges from 10 to 14 days for uncomplicated cases. Patients undergoing complex procedures like brain tumor removal or deep brain stimulation often require 4 to 6 weeks. This timeline covers pre-operative diagnostics, the surgical procedure, and essential post-operative monitoring.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Hospitalization duration:</strong> Minimally invasive procedures require 1–3 days. Regular craniotomies average 3–10 days.</li> <li><strong>Local recovery:</strong> Stay in Israel for 7–14 days post-discharge for mandatory follow-up checks.</li> <li><strong>Flight safety:</strong> Surgeons recommend waiting 4–6 weeks before flying to stabilize internal head pressure.</li> <li><strong>Follow-up schedule:</strong> In-person clinical reviews typically occur at days 3, 7, and 14 post-surgery.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from Sourasky Medical Center shows they treat over 400,000 patients annually with high success rates. Clinics with such high volumes, like Hadassah or Assuta, often have streamlined discharge protocols. This helps international patients transition to hotel-based recovery faster while maintaining access to top specialists.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note it is vital not to rush home too early. Some travelers extended their stay to 3 weeks due to swelling or to ensure they received final surgeon clearance before flying.</p>"},{"q":"What advanced technologies make Israeli neurosurgery minimally invasive?","a":"<p>Israeli neurosurgery uses robotic guidance, real-time 3D imaging, and incisionless technologies to minimize physical trauma. Systems like Mazor Robotics provide sub-millimeter precision for spine implants. MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treats tremors without incisions. These advanced tools ensure high accuracy and reduce recovery times.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Robotic systems:</strong> Mazor and ROSA robotics enable precise instrument placement through tiny incisions.</li> <li><strong>Incisionless ultrasound:</strong> MRgFUS uses high-intensity sound waves to treat brain tissue without anesthesia.</li> <li><strong>Digital navigation:</strong> Intraoperative MRI and 3D mapping allow surgeons to verify results in real-time.</li> <li><strong>Advanced endoscopy:</strong> Transnasal and trans-orbital approaches remove tumors without traditional skull-opening craniotomies.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Israeli clinics like Sourasky or Hadassah integrate proprietary Israeli-born technologies like Surgical Theater before they hit global markets. Our data shows these centers often use VR flight-through models for pre-surgical planning. This allows surgeons to rehearse complex cases, which is a key factor in their 90% success rates.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note that technologies like the Gamma Knife allowed them to return home in days rather than weeks. Many move from traditional 10cm incisions to cuts under 2cm when using robotic-assisted systems.</p>"},{"q":"Why is Israel considered a top destination for neurosurgery?","a":"<p>Israel is a global leader in neurosurgery due to its integration of proprietary medical innovations and internationally trained specialists. High-capacity centers like Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) perform over 34,000 annual surgeries. Patients access advanced techniques like awake craniotomy and MR-guided focused ultrasound.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Advanced technology:</strong> Facilities use CyberKnife, Gamma Knife, and robotic systems for precision.</li> <li><strong>Expert credentials:</strong> Specialists like Dr. Zvi Ram hold leadership roles in European neurosurgical societies.</li> <li><strong>Global training:</strong> Most senior neurosurgeons completed fellowships at premier United States and European institutions.</li> <li><strong>Specialized departments:</strong> Centers feature niche units for pediatric neurosurgery, skull base, and functional disorders.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Israeli neurosurgery stands out because of the high concentration of dually certified experts. Many top surgeons, such as Dr. Zvi Lidar, are certified to practice in both Israel and the USA. This ensures that patients receive American-standard surgical care while staying in Tel Aviv or Jerusalem. Our data shows that private centers like Assuta offer significantly faster access to these specific specialists compared to the public system.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note it is important to confirm a surgeon's specific volume of cases for your exact condition. They also value the ability to get expert second opinions quickly through online consultations with world-renowned professors.</p>"},{"q":"Which hospitals are ranked among the best for neurosurgery in Israel?","a":"<p>Sheba Medical Center and Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) are among the best neurosurgery hospitals in Israel. These JCI-accredited facilities perform thousands of operations annually. They utilize advanced technologies like CyberKnife and intraoperative MRI to treat complex brain tumors and cerebrovascular lesions.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Sheba Medical Center:</strong> Ranked among the top 10 world hospitals by Newsweek magazine.</li> <li><strong>Sourasky (Ichilov):</strong> Reports a 98% success rate and performs 2,500+ neurosurgical operations annually.</li> <li><strong>Hadassah Medical Center:</strong> Known for pioneering endoscopic techniques and integrated advanced research programs.</li> <li><strong>Assuta Medical Center:</strong> Israel largest private facility specializing in minimally invasive spine procedures.</li> <li><strong>Rambam Medical Center:</strong> Employs Nobel Prize laureates and serves as a major referral center.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Our data shows that top Israeli centers like Sourasky and Hadassah perform over 40,000 total operations yearly. This high volume allows surgeons to maintain a 90% success rate even in complex oncology cases. Patients seeking robotic spine surgery or deep brain stimulation should focus on these high-capacity municipal centers for the most experienced teams.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients appreciate that some hospitals quickly coordinate consultations even during regional strikes. Families of pediatric patients especially value surgeons trained at prestigious international institutions.</p>"},{"q":"Who are the leading neurosurgeons in Israel?","a":"<p>Israel's leading neurosurgeons include Professor Zvi Ram, Professor Shlomi Constantini, and Professor Itzhak Fried at Sourasky Medical Center. These experts specialize in awake craniotomy, pediatric brain tumors, and functional mapping. Most hold JCI accreditation and international fellowships from institutions like Johns Hopkins and Yale.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Brain tumors:</strong> Professor Zvi Ram specializes in image-guided microsurgery and complex brain mapping techniques.</li> <li><strong>Pediatric expertise:</strong> Professor Shlomi Constantini leads pediatric neurosurgery, focusing on endoscopic treatments and malformations.</li> <li><strong>Functional surgery:</strong> Professor Itzhak Fried is a global authority on epilepsy and deep brain stimulation.</li> <li><strong>Spine specialists:</strong> Dr. Zvi Lidar and Dr. Eli Ashkenazi focus on minimally invasive spinal oncology.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows that top-tier Israeli neurosurgeons, such as those at Sourasky Medical Center, often hold dual board certifications in Israel and the US. This unique crossover ensures patients receive American-standard protocols. These specialists typically manage over 34,000 annual operations, providing high-volume clinical experience that smaller private clinics cannot match.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note that highly qualified doctors like Professor Shlomo Constantini provide satisfactory answers quickly. People emphasize that outcomes often depend on the hospital’s integrated resources rather than just a doctor's prestige.</p>"},{"q":"What neurosurgical conditions and sub-specialties are treated in Israel?","a":"<p>Israel is a global leader in neurosurgery, treating complex brain and spinal conditions using robotic-assisted and minimally invasive techniques. Highly specialized units at JCI-accredited centers like Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) and Hadassah Medical Center focus on neuro-oncology, pediatric neurosurgery, and functional procedures.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Neuro-oncology:</strong> Treating glioblastoma, meningioma, and skull base tumors with 90% success rates.</li> <li><strong>Functional neurosurgery:</strong> Performing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson’s and drug-resistant epilepsy.</li> <li><strong>Pediatric specialty:</strong> Specialized care for congenital defects and childhood tumors at Schneider Children’s.</li> <li><strong>Spine surgery:</strong> Utilizing Mazor X robotic systems for scoliosis and herniated disc correction.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Israeli neurosurgical departments often function as rapid-response hubs for international patients. Data shows that large centers like Sourasky, which serves 1,800,000 patients annually, can organize expert video consultations in a very short time. This speed is critical for neuro-oncology cases where starting treatment a few days earlier significantly impacts outcomes.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients note that Israeli teams often accept high-risk cases that other hospitals decline. They emphasize the importance of using local coordinators to manage travel logistics or potential local disruptions during their two-week stay.</p>"},{"q":"What documentation do international patients need before traveling to Israel for neurosurgery?","a":"<p>International patients traveling to Israel for neurosurgery require a valid passport, an entry permit or medical visa, and a formal hospital invitation. You must provide recent MRI or CT scans in DICOM format and detailed medical summaries. Proof of private health insurance and financial stability are also mandatory for border entry.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Travel authorization:</strong> Most visa-exempt travelers now need an approved ETA-IL before departure.</li> <li><strong>Hospital invitation:</strong> A signed letter from facilities like Sourasky Medical Center is required.</li> <li><strong>Medical records:</strong> Provide updated summaries of diagnoses, medications, and previous neurological treatments.</li> <li><strong>Imaging files:</strong> Digital copies of scans are essential for planning complex brain surgeries.</li> <li><strong>Legal consent:</strong> Notarized power of attorney is required for patients under 18 years old.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Our data shows that top neurosurgeons at Hadassah Medical Center and Sourasky often request records 4–6 weeks before arrival. Submitting these early prevents appointment shifts. High-volume centers with over 30,000 annual operations have dedicated portals for secure DICOM file uploads. Using these ensures your surgeon reviews high-quality images before you land in Tel Aviv.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize bringing physical copies and digital backups of all scans on a USB drive. They also note that private insurance needs pre-authorization specifically for neurosurgery to avoid payment delays at the clinic.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"How it works","kind":"content"},{"text":"How Much Does Breast reconstruction surgery Cost in Israel?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover the Best Breast reconstruction surgery Clinics in Israel: 3 Verified Options and Prices","kind":"content"},{"text":"Breast reconstruction surgery Overview in Israel","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Doctors","kind":"content"},{"text":"Video Stories from Bookimed Patients","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Reviews about Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"FAQ about Breast reconstruction surgery in Israel","kind":"content"},{"text":"Get a free consultation","kind":"ui"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}