Prof Giuseppe Speziale specializes in minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting and valve surgery. He serves as the National Coordinator of Cardiac Surgery for GVM Care & Research. Prof Speziale is an active member of AATS and ISMICS. He has contributed to over 90 publications and received the \"Top Doctors Awards\" in 2021.
Ospedale Santa Maria is an Italian Health Service-accredited hospital founded in 1969. It is a national reference for male and female infertility treatment and medically assisted reproduction. The hospital also runs a dedicated Breast Unit for breast cancer prevention and treatment.
Prof Giuseppe Speziale specializes in minimally invasive cardiac surgery, leading multiple cardiac surgery departments in Italy. He authored over 90 publications and co-founded the Mitral Academy for excellence in mitral surgery.
Dr. Giuseppe Speziale is a cardiac surgeon specializing in minimally invasive valve surgery at Ospedale Santa Maria. He is the National Coordinator of Cardiac Surgery for GVM Care & Research. Dr. Speziale earned the Top Doctors Award for his surgical expertise. He co-founded the Mitral Academy to improve restorative heart surgery techniques.
Ospedale Santa Maria is an Italian Health Service-accredited hospital founded in 1969. It is a national reference for male and female infertility treatment and medically assisted reproduction. The hospital also runs a dedicated Breast Unit for breast cancer prevention and treatment.
There are following indications for CABG:
\n\nBefore performing the operation, physicians examine patient’s medical history. Some factors may lead to complications during the intervention or rehabilitation period. There are following contraindications for CABG:
\n\nCoronary artery bypass grafting is divided into:
\n\nIn some cases several bypasses are required. Find out how much does a triple heart bypass cost by submitting a request on Bookimed site. Our Doctor Coordinator will contact you shortly to provide a consultation.
\n\nThe coronary artery bypass surgery cost is calculated for patients individually in each particular case.
\n\nCoronary artery bypass graft procedure can be performed in 3 ways. The choice of particular type of graft depends on the location of the blocked area, size of the damaged area and diameter of the artery.
\n\n“Grafts” are vein and artery that act as an anastomosis, creating a bypass on obstructed cardiac vessels and restoring normal blood flow. The vein is usually taken from the leg of a patient, while the artery is relocated from the chest wall. During the operation, a surgeon sews up the original vessel of the patient to the coronary artery near the area of narrowing. That allows the blood flow to “bypass” the blocked area.
\n\nGrafting process
\n\nInternal thoracic artery is commonly used graft as it has the best long-term results: veins are less likely to become blocked over time. A surgeon takes the artery from its area and sews its ends in the coronary artery bypassing obstructed segment.
\n\nRadial artery is located in the hand together with the ulnar artery. Considering that the ulnar artery is a dominant blood supplier of the hand, removal of the radial artery during the operation does not pose a threat to the organism.
\n\nGreat saphenous vein is often used as a graft. It is a long vessel running along the inner side of the leg. To take the vein a surgeon makes an incision or several small incisions along its location.
\nA patient is hospitalized 3-5 days prior to the surgery. They undergo necessary examinations and prepare for the operation in the inpatient department. Following tests and examinations are conducted before the surgery:
\n\nPremedication
\n\nBefore the operation, a patient is administered a general anesthesia. Other medications are also introduced to patient’s body to reduce heart demand for oxygen by lowering arterial pressure and reducing heart rate. Myocardial blood flow is improved by the use of vasodilators.
\n\nIn case of off-pump CABG, medications that temporary stop the heart will be administered after the incision in the chest bone.
\n\nEach patient is cross-matched with at least 2 units of blood to compensate for blood loss during or after the operation.
\n\nOperation process
\n\nThe surgery lasts from 3 to 5 hours. The duration depends on the amount of bypassed arteries and health particularities of a patient. During the surgery, a heart-lung bypass device carries out functions of the heart and lungs. It is vital if physicians opted to operate on the non-beating heart. When finishing CABG, a doctor installs drain tubes in the chest to drain liquid from the operated area. Then the wound is stitched and a patient is delivered to the intensive care unit where they stay until complete stabilization.
\nRecovery in hospital
\n\nA patient stays in intensive care unit for 1-3 days after the operation. This period may take longer if complications take place, hospitalization duration influences how much does a heart bypass cost. Patient’s vitals will be constantly monitored. Various medicines that control blood circulation and pressure will be delivered through IV. Special catheter is inserted to drain urine. In some cases, oxygen therapy (oxygen delivered through a mask or nasal tubes) and/or temporary pacemaker is utilized. A physician may provide a patient with compression stockings. They apply gentle pressure on the legs preventing blood from pooling and clotting.
\n\nDuring the first days after the operation a patient must strictly follow these recommendations:
\n\nRecovery at home
\n\nBefore a patient is dismissed, a doctor gives them specific instructions and guidelines for recovery, including:
\n\nA patient also receives information on how to deal with various side effects that may appear after the surgery. They include:
\n\nComplete recovery usually takes up to 3 months. A physician will provide more information about recovery status, but usual physical activities can be re-engaged after approximately 6 weeks of rehabilitation.
\n\nOutlook
\n\nA patient can return to the sedentary work within 1.5 months after discharge from the hospital. Heavier physical work can require a longer period of recovery. Patients after CABG may lead their usual lifestyle. Walking and stair climbing are particularly useful during the rehabilitation period. Patients should avoid longtime walks during very cold or too hot weather which exhausts the organism.
\n\nBad habits should be quitted: smoking and/or drinking can provoke a heart attack. A patient should constantly monitor their blood pressure. Diet must be revised: consumption of salt, fats, and cholesterol-rich products should be minimized. Weight control is desired.
\nCoronary artery bypass surgery cost depends on the following factors:
\n\nTo undergo CABG operation abroad, submit a request on Bookimed site. On the shortest notice, our Medical Coordinator will contact you via phone call. You will be able to ask any questions regarding the procedure, including how much does heart bypass surgery cost in your particular case. Bookimed will process your paperwork and organize your treatment abroad, including transfer to and from a hospital.
\nDay 1
\nDay 2
\nDay 3
\nDay 4
\nDay 5 - Day 7
\nWeek 1 - Week 3
\nWeek 4
\nWeek 6
\nWeek 12
\nRemember, every patient\"s recovery process is unique and depends on various factors including age, overall health, and the complexity of the surgery. Always follow your doctor\"s advice for the best recovery outcome.
"},"overview":{"text":"This surgical procedure improves blood flow to the heart by redirecting blood around a section of a blocked or partially blocked artery in the heart.
The operation improves blood flow to the heart by bypassing blocked arteries using a blood vessel graft.
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