Dr. Giuseppe Speziale specializes in minimally invasive heart valve replacements, with thousands of complex procedures performed. He trained at La Sapienza University and leads cardiac surgery departments across Italy. The procedure may cost around $43,350–$50,390. Dr. Speziale is Vice President of GVM Care & Research and an active member of major cardiac societies.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Dr. Speziale specializes in minimally invasive heart valve surgeries – a leader in techniques that reduce recovery time. He directs cardiac surgery departments at multiple hospitals.
Dr. Giuseppe Speziale is a cardiac surgeon and Director of Cardiac Surgery at Santa Maria Hospital. He lives and works in Rome. He focuses on minimally invasive and noninvasive valvular surgeries. Dr. Speziale serves as the Vice President of GVM Care & Research. He treats complex conditions like atrial fibrillation and mitral valve prolapse.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Heart surgery is performed when:
\n\nAdditional examinations, medications, or lifestyle changes may be prescribed to avoid undergoing the procedure. Valve repair is a preferable alternative to replacement since it allows to preserve the heart and the valve. The procedure is performed on the open heart with the use of heart-lungs bypass machine. The success rate of the operation is up to 92%.
\n\nPhysicians make a decision whether a patient needs valve replacement based on examination results. In case of the following conditions, a doctor may prescribe the valve replacement:
\n\nAny patient with known heart issues must be cautious about above mentioned signs and perform check-ups whenever any of them manifest. Early diagnosis is crucial for this disease. Patients who are not aware of their condition, may suffer heart damage due to malfunctioning heart valves. This damage may lead to heart attacks, critical conditions and sudden death.
\n\nContraindications for heart valve operation:
\n\nMinimally invasive replacement operation
\n\nThe operation is performed while a patient is under general anesthesia. Heart-lung machine is used to sustain blood flow during the procedure. Minimally invasive surgery is conducted by a team of cardiac surgeons. Physicians utilize long instruments and optical devices that are inserted through a small incisions in patient’s chest. The procedure puts patient's body under less stress and is considered less risky.
\n\nMinimally invasive surgery presumes shorter patient hospital stay and quicker recovery.
\n\nTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR/TAVI)
\n\nTAVR is a minimally invasive replacement of aortic valve. Sometimes referred to as “implantation”(TAVI). A catheter is utilized in this procedure. During the operation surgeons reach patient’s heart through a small incision in the chest or through the vein. Once in position, replacement valve is either self installed or expanded and set with a balloon. TAVR is used in patients who are at high risk of surgery-related complications. TAVR is also applied for biological valves replacement.
\n\nReplacement of the heart valve (operation on the open heart)
\n\nIn cases when patient’s valve cannot be repaired, a replacement becomes viable. Damaged valve is removed and replaced with the mechanical or biological one. Biological valves are made of cow, pig, or human heart tissue. Biological valves degrade over time, so there will be a need for a replacement in 10-15 years.
\n\nPatients with mechanical valves need to take blood-thinning medicine for the rest of their lives to prevent formation of blood clots.
\n\nSurgeons will discuss all the details related to the valve type before the operation, including valve replacement surgery cost. Biological valves can be replaced utilizing catheters, without the need of open heart surgery.
\n\nHeart valve repair
\n\nValve repair operation is always chosen over the replacement. This procedure may include:
\n\nSome procedures may be carried out with the use of catheter, guided through patient’s artery. For example, narrowed valve opening is treated with balloon valvuloplasty. During this operation, a balloon attached to the catheter is guided to the narrowed valve. The balloon is then inflated, expanding the valve and allowing blood to pass freely.
\nBefore the operation a patient undergoes standard examinations:
\n\nPatients shouldn’t smoke 2 weeks before the operation, as it increases the risk of complications.
\n\nIf the operation is not minimally invasive, a patient is administered general anesthesia and connected to heart-lungs bypass machine. After that, the repairs or replacements are done. When it’s over, the heart is started and a patient is disconnected from heart-lung bypass.
\n\nThe operation takes 2-5 hours to complete, but may take longer if additional procedures are required.
\nRecovery
\n\nAfter the operation, a patient spends first 1-3 days in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). In-hospital postoperative stay lasts for up to 2 weeks. Physicians may assign a special exercise regimen or rehabilitation program to a patient. During hospital stay patient’s vitals are constantly monitored, any pain syndromes are treated with anabolics, and antibiotics are issued if any signs of infection manifest.
\n\nRecovery period varies depending on patient’s overall health state. On average, patients can return to non-physically demanding work 4-6 weeks after the operation.
\n\nHome care
\n\nPatients are usually dismissed from the hospital 2 weeks after the operation. Physicians recommend commiting to 150 minutes of exercise weekly. It is also advisable that a patient quits smoking and/or drinking. Bad habits are known to reduce replaced valve’s life time and cause complications.
\n\nIf a patient has received mechanical valve, they should take blood-thinning medicine. Any doctor should be notified about that fact because thinned blood has greater potential for passing infections. Before performing any operations that may cause bleeding, patients need to be administered special antibiotic.
\n\nOutlook
\n\nThe operation is considered low-risk and doesn’t put organism under too much stress. Patients must always stay on lookout for possible signs of heart valve malfunction, because there is a little chance that replaced valve will fail. Usually it happens with biological valves 10-15 years after the operation. The symptoms are typical for heart valve malfunction and include fatigue, short breath, and lightheadedness. In such cases it is advisable to undergo another operation.
\nHeart valve replacement cost is influenced by the following factors:
\n\nSubmit a request on Bookimed website and our Medical Coordinator will contact you at earliest notice. You will receive answers to all questions regarding cost of mitral valve replacement surgery, what type of procedure is suitable for you, etc. We will also help you to pick the best hospital for heart valve replacement surgery and process all your paperwork. If needed, you will receive assistance in acquiring of visa and transfer.
\nDay 1
\nDay 2
\nDay 3
\nDay 4
\nDay 5-6
\nWeek 2
\nWeek 3-6
\nWeek 7
\nWeek 12
\nRemember, each patient\"s recovery is unique and may vary based on their health condition and the complexity of the heart valve replacement.
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