{"key":"op_121_IT","page":{"url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=nephrectomy/","procedure":{"id":121,"slug":"nephrectomy","name":"Nephrectomy","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"surgery","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"oncology","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":127,"iso":"IT","name":"Italy"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-09-25"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=nephrectomy/","cost_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=nephrectomy/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":18000,"to":28000,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":38000,"to":68000},"uk":{"from":21000,"to":32000},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Rome","from":18000},{"city":"Bologna","from":15500},{"city":"Milan","from":11500}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":3000,"to":7000},{"country_iso":"FR","from":11500,"to":18500},{"country_iso":"GB","from":21000,"to":32000},{"country_iso":"US","from":38000,"to":68000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":18000,"to":26000},{"country_iso":"TR","from":4800,"to":8000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":8400,"to":12000},{"country_iso":"DE","from":15000,"to":22500},{"country_iso":"CA","from":24000,"to":40000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":14500,"to":24000},{"country_iso":"TH","from":9500,"to":16500},{"country_iso":"PL","from":5500,"to":9800},{"country_iso":"KR","from":15000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":7000,"to":11500},{"country_iso":"AT","from":14500,"to":21000},{"country_iso":"ES","from":17900,"to":24100},{"country_iso":"CN","from":9500,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"AU","from":20000,"to":31000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":3500,"to":5000},{"country_iso":"MY","from":8500,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"VN","from":6800,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"BR","from":8000,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"AZ","from":5500,"to":10000},{"country_iso":"RO","from":10000,"to":18900}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":53,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":2,"items":[{"id":1877,"name":"Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy","city":"Rome","rating":5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","Patient choice for Check-up"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3183,"name":"Maria Cecilia Hospital","city":"Bologna","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","Patient choice in Orthopaedics","Patient choice for Check-up","Patient choice in Neurosurgery","Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":2,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":128,"slug":"rome","name":"Rome","clinics_count":1,"price_from":18000,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Italy","access":["Fiumicino Airport (FCO), 30 km from Rome","Ciampino Airport (CIA), 12 km from central Rome"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiumicino_Airport","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_Ciampino_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":1928,"slug":"bologna","name":"Bologna","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":15500,"profile":{"city_type":"Regional capital in northern Italy","access":["Bologna Airport (BLQ), 6 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna_Guglielmo_Marconi_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":353,"slug":"milan","name":"Milan","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":11500,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Lombardy","access":["Malpensa Airport (MXP), 49 km from Milan","Linate Airport (LIN), 7 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan_Malpensa_Airport","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linate_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Kidney tumor or renal cell carcinoma unsuitable for partial nephrectomy","Non-functioning kidney from chronic obstruction, infection or reflux","Severe kidney trauma not controllable by other means","Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis or other destructive infection","Upper tract urothelial cancer"],"contraindications":["Uncorrected bleeding disorder or coagulopathy","Severe cardiopulmonary disease making general anesthesia prohibitively risky","Active uncontrolled infection","Solitary functioning kidney or poor contralateral kidney function"],"operation_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for uncomplicated unilateral nephrectomy; complex or open cases may take longer."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single surgical procedure."},"stages":[{"code":"nephrectomy","label":"Surgical removal of the kidney","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"One-stage operation."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated simple or radical nephrectomy; laparoscopic is shorter, open is longer."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after uncomplicated nephrectomy, without a formal program; open surgery takes longer than laparoscopic."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from surgery; after hospital discharge and wound check. Open surgery, complications or clot risk push it later."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk-based work; laparoscopic approach is at the shorter end, open surgery at the longer end. Heavy manual work takes longer."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking starts early. Heavy lifting and strenuous exercise resume gradually after surgeon clearance. Open surgery needs longer."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to full recovery of strength and incision healing. Remaining kidney function adapts over weeks to months."},"result_longevity":"Removal of the kidney is permanent. Long-term outcome depends on the underlying condition and on the function of the remaining kidney.","main_risks":["Bleeding requiring transfusion","Infection of the wound or urinary tract","Injury to bowel, spleen, pancreas, liver or major vessels","Reduced kidney function or chronic kidney disease","Hernia or wound problems at the incision","Blood clots and anesthesia-related complications","Pneumothorax or pleural injury","Conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":25,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any perioperative complication within 30-90 days; major complications about 2-5%, higher with open surgery."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned reoperation or return to theatre within 30-90 days, e.g. bleeding, hernia or wound problems."},"success":{"metric":"Complete removal of diseased kidney with surgical goal achieved","value":97,"horizon":"At surgery and hospital discharge","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Laparoscopic: several small scars of about 1-2 cm and one extraction incision of about 5-8 cm. Open: a flank or abdominal incision of roughly 15-25 cm.","pain":"Moderate to significant postoperative pain, usually worst in the first 2-3 days, controlled with analgesics and sometimes regional blocks. It is generally milder after laparoscopic than open surgery and fades over 1-3 weeks.","preparation":["Imaging (CT or MRI) and blood tests including kidney function","Anesthesia and cardiopulmonary fitness assessment","Medication and health condition review with the surgical team","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Bowel preparation only if instructed by the surgeon","Stopping smoking before surgery"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-5)","description":"Pain control, early walking, catheter and drain removal, and return of diet.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid lifting"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-2)","description":"Gradual increase in walking, wound care, fatigue common.","restrictions":["No lifting over about 4-5 kg","No driving while taking opioids"]},{"phase":"Return to normal activity (weeks 2-6)","description":"Return to desk work and light activities.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise until cleared"]},{"phase":"Full recovery (weeks 6-12)","description":"Return to full strength and activity as cleared by the surgeon.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Wound check before flying home; suture or staple removal if needed."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":28,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of pathology results and kidney function tests, counted from surgery."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that you have been able to ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you are satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you are clear how your aftercare will be coordinated","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to make a quick decision before booking treatment abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"No discussion of possible complications before booking treatment abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"The treating team does not let you ask questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"The clinic or hospital’s facilities and standards do not satisfy you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-02-11"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctors need it to see details of your treatment","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"If, in the first few weeks after your discharge, you need to call your GP for any reason or to attend another hospital, please take this summary with you to allow the doctors to see details of your treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"It lists your treatment and medicines for your home doctor","document":"note for your gp","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-donor-nephrectomy-discharge-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"You will be given painkillers to take home and a note for your GP listing your treatment and medicines.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"They provide results from examination of the removed kidney","document":"pathology results","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"It will be at least 14 to 21 days before the pathology results on your kidney are available.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"It tells home doctors the planned follow-up after nephrectomy","document":"follow-up plan","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"An outpatient appointment will be made for you four to six weeks after the operation when we will be able to inform you of the pathology results and give you a plan for follow up.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T6","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk-based work; laparoscopic approach is at the shorter end, open surgery at the longer end. Heavy manual work takes longer."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":25,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any perioperative complication within 30-90 days; major complications about 2-5%, higher with open surgery."},"contraindications":["Uncorrected bleeding disorder or coagulopathy","Severe cardiopulmonary disease making general anesthesia prohibitively risky","Active uncontrolled infection","Solitary functioning kidney or poor contralateral kidney function"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated simple or radical nephrectomy; laparoscopic is shorter, open is longer."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking starts early. Heavy lifting and strenuous exercise resume gradually after surgeon clearance. Open surgery needs longer."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to full recovery of strength and incision healing. Remaining kidney function adapts over weeks to months."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from surgery; after hospital discharge and wound check. Open surgery, complications or clot risk push it later."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Wound check before flying home; suture or staple removal if needed."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":28,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of pathology results and kidney function tests, counted from surgery."}}],"indications":["Kidney tumor or renal cell carcinoma unsuitable for partial nephrectomy","Non-functioning kidney from chronic obstruction, infection or reflux","Severe kidney trauma not controllable by other means","Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis or other destructive infection","Upper tract urothelial cancer"],"main_risks":["Bleeding requiring transfusion","Infection of the wound or urinary tract","Injury to bowel, spleen, pancreas, liver or major vessels","Reduced kidney function or chronic kidney disease","Hernia or wound problems at the incision","Blood clots and anesthesia-related complications","Pneumothorax or pleural injury","Conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery"],"pain":"Moderate to significant postoperative pain, usually worst in the first 2-3 days, controlled with analgesics and sometimes regional blocks. It is generally milder after laparoscopic than open surgery and fades over 1-3 weeks.","preparation":["Imaging (CT or MRI) and blood tests including kidney function","Anesthesia and cardiopulmonary fitness assessment","Medication and health condition review with the surgical team","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Bowel preparation only if instructed by the surgeon","Stopping smoking before surgery"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-5)","description":"Pain control, early walking, catheter and drain removal, and return of diet.","restrictions":["No driving","Avoid lifting"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-2)","description":"Gradual increase in walking, wound care, fatigue common.","restrictions":["No lifting over about 4-5 kg","No driving while taking opioids"]},{"phase":"Return to normal activity (weeks 2-6)","description":"Return to desk work and light activities.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous exercise until cleared"]},{"phase":"Full recovery (weeks 6-12)","description":"Return to full strength and activity as cleared by the surgeon.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after uncomplicated nephrectomy, without a formal program; open surgery takes longer than laparoscopic."},"result_longevity":"Removal of the kidney is permanent. Long-term outcome depends on the underlying condition and on the function of the remaining kidney.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned reoperation or return to theatre within 30-90 days, e.g. bleeding, hernia or wound problems."},"scars":"Laparoscopic: several small scars of about 1-2 cm and one extraction incision of about 5-8 cm. Open: a flank or abdominal incision of roughly 15-25 cm.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single surgical procedure."},"stages":[{"code":"nephrectomy","label":"Surgical removal of the kidney","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"One-stage operation."},"success":{"metric":"Complete removal of diseased kidney with surgical goal achieved","value":97,"unit":"percent of patients","horizon":"At surgery and hospital discharge","population":"Adults undergoing uncomplicated simple or radical nephrectomy for tumor or non-functioning kidney","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Laparoscopic nephrectomy (including robotic-assisted)","suits_whom":"Most patients with small to moderate kidney tumors or non-functioning kidneys and no major prior abdominal surgery.","recovery":"Shorter hospital stay, less pain, return to work in about 2-4 weeks."},{"name":"Open radical or simple nephrectomy","suits_whom":"Large or locally advanced tumors, inflammatory or complex cases, or when laparoscopy is unsafe.","recovery":"Longer stay and recovery, return to work in about 4-6 weeks or more."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for uncomplicated unilateral nephrectomy; complex or open cases may take longer."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Abdominal CT or MRI scan report","Biopsy or pathology report (if available)","Recent blood tests including creatinine and eGFR","Renal scintigraphy report (if available)","Previous abdominal surgery records"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-10 days including hospital nights and wound check before flying home. Later reviews can be remote."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that you have been able to ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you are satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you are clear how your aftercare will be coordinated","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to make a quick decision before booking treatment abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"No discussion of possible complications before booking treatment abroad","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"The treating team does not let you ask questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"The clinic or hospital’s facilities and standards do not satisfy you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-02-11"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctors need it to see details of your treatment","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"If, in the first few weeks after your discharge, you need to call your GP for any reason or to attend another hospital, please take this summary with you to allow the doctors to see details of your treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"It lists your treatment and medicines for your home doctor","document":"note for your gp","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-donor-nephrectomy-discharge-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"You will be given painkillers to take home and a note for your GP listing your treatment and medicines.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"They provide results from examination of the removed kidney","document":"pathology results","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"It will be at least 14 to 21 days before the pathology results on your kidney are available.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"It tells home doctors the planned follow-up after nephrectomy","document":"follow-up plan","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/radical-removal-of-the-kidney-procedure-specific-information/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"An outpatient appointment will be made for you four to six weeks after the operation when we will be able to inform you of the pathology results and give you a plan for follow up.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T5","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T6","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your renal cell cancer is being treated without surgery","name":"Targeted therapy for kidney cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Learn about the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent renal cell cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biologic therapy, and targeted therapy, in this expert-reviewed summary.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your renal cell cancer needs treatment other than surgery","name":"Radiation therapy for kidney cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Learn about the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent renal cell cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biologic therapy, and targeted therapy, in this expert-reviewed summary.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":740}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"laparoscopic-nephrectomy","name":"Laparoscopic nephrectomy (including robotic-assisted)","how_it_works":{"text":"The kidney is removed using a camera and instruments through small incisions","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"It requires the placement of a telescope and operating instruments into your abdominal cavity","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"2–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"most people can return to normal activities after two to four weeks.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}},{"id":"open-radical","name":"Open radical or simple nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"text":"The kidney is removed through one large cut in the abdomen","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21515-nephrectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"During an open nephrectomy, the surgeon uses a sharp knife (scalpel) to make a cut (incision) in your side or abdomen.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":6,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","label":"6 weeks","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21515-nephrectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"You should be able to return to your normal activities about six weeks after surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"laparoscopic-nephrectomy","name":"Laparoscopic nephrectomy (including robotic-assisted)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"The kidney is removed using a camera and instruments through small incisions","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"It requires the placement of a telescope and operating instruments into your abdominal cavity","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","label":"2–4 weeks","source":{"url":"https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/laparoscopic-radical-removal-of-the-kidney/","host":"cuh.nhs.uk","quote":"most people can return to normal activities after two to four weeks.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Most patients with small to moderate kidney tumors or non-functioning kidneys and no major prior abdominal surgery.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Shorter hospital stay, less pain, return to work in about 2-4 weeks."},{"id":"open-radical","name":"Open radical or simple nephrectomy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"The kidney is removed through one large cut in the abdomen","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21515-nephrectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"During an open nephrectomy, the surgeon uses a sharp knife (scalpel) to make a cut (incision) in your side or abdomen.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":6,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","label":"6 weeks","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21515-nephrectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"You should be able to return to your normal activities about six weeks after surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Large or locally advanced tumors, inflammatory or complex cases, or when laparoscopy is unsafe.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Longer stay and recovery, return to work in about 4-6 weeks or more."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your renal cell cancer is being treated without surgery","name":"Targeted therapy for kidney cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Learn about the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent renal cell cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biologic therapy, and targeted therapy, in this expert-reviewed summary.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your renal cell cancer needs treatment other than surgery","name":"Radiation therapy for kidney cancer","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Learn about the treatment of newly diagnosed and recurrent renal cell cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, biologic therapy, and targeted therapy, in this expert-reviewed summary.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":740}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK passport holders can travel to Italy without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area , which includes Italy, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy without a visa for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes without a visa.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"have an ‘expiry date’ at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area (the expiry date does not need to be within 10 years of the date of issue)","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A U.S. passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay in Italy","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Your passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Foreigners may bring personal medications for 30 days into Italy; bringing a copy of the prescription is recommended","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"According to the Ministry of Health, foreigners entering Italy are allowed to bring personal medications for a period of 30 days, but it is recommended that travelers also bring a copy of their prescription with them.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"A UK GHIC or EHIC is needed to get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V7","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Private hospitals in Italy usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Private hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V8","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["austria","azerbaijan","china","czech-republic","egypt","germany","greece","india","israel","lithuania","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","romania","spain","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":5,"count":2,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"

Nephrectomy in Italy typically costs from _op_121_price_from_ to _op_121_price_to_. Prices depend on the surgical technique, the clinic tier, and the complexity of the renal case. In the US, similar procedures cost around _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Patients save approximately _price_percent_discount_% by choosing Italian medical centers. These costs generally include the surgical intervention, hospital stay, and necessary diagnostic tests.

\n\n\n\n

Bookimed Expert Insight: Choosing JCI-accredited centers like Maria Cecilia Hospital ensures high safety standards. Expertise in robotic systems allows for faster recovery and less scarring. Dr. Alessandro Calarco at Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy holds unique patents for kidney surgery. This specialized focus often translates to higher success rates for complex stone or tumor cases. Patients should look for clinicians with European Board of Urology (EBU) certification for quality assurance.

","faq":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"h2":[{"text":"How Much Does Nephrectomy Cost in Italy?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Your Benefits and Guarantees with Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Your personal Bookimed medical coordinator","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover the Best Nephrectomy Clinics in Italy: 2 Verified Options and Prices","kind":"content"},{"text":"Nephrectomy Overview in Italy","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Doctors","kind":"content"},{"text":"Video Stories from Bookimed Patients","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Reviews about Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Our Nephrectomy Techniques: What Suits You Best?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Get a free consultation","kind":"ui"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}