{"key":"op_627_IT","page":{"url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins/","procedure":{"id":627,"slug":"sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins","name":"Sclerotherapy of varicose veins","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"non_surgical","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"phlebology","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":127,"iso":"IT","name":"Italy"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-02"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins/","cost_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=italy/procedure=sclerotherapy-of-varicose-veins/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":350,"to":800,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":450,"to":1100},"uk":{"from":650,"to":1500},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Rome","from":450},{"city":"Bologna","from":500},{"city":"Milan","from":350}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":150,"to":330},{"country_iso":"FR","from":250,"to":800},{"country_iso":"GB","from":650,"to":1500},{"country_iso":"US","from":450,"to":1100},{"country_iso":"IL","from":450,"to":900},{"country_iso":"TR","from":710,"to":3200},{"country_iso":"MX","from":250,"to":600},{"country_iso":"DE","from":250,"to":1100},{"country_iso":"CA","from":450,"to":1100},{"country_iso":"AE","from":1300,"to":2900},{"country_iso":"TH","from":860,"to":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"country_iso":"PL","from":810,"to":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"country_iso":"KR","from":800,"to":1500},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":600,"to":2500},{"country_iso":"AT","from":450,"to":1000},{"country_iso":"ES","from":880,"to":1100},{"country_iso":"CN","from":450,"to":1300},{"country_iso":"AU","from":450,"to":1100},{"country_iso":"IN","from":300,"to":750},{"country_iso":"MY","from":280,"to":600},{"country_iso":"VN","from":280,"to":450},{"country_iso":"BR","from":250,"to":700},{"country_iso":"HU","from":1700,"to":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":22,"variant":"ranges_overlap"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":2,"items":[{"id":1877,"name":"Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy","city":"Rome","rating":5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","Patient choice for Check-up"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3183,"name":"Maria Cecilia Hospital","city":"Bologna","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","Patient choice in Orthopaedics","Patient choice for Check-up","Patient choice in Neurosurgery","Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":128,"slug":"rome","name":"Rome","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":450,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Italy","access":["Fiumicino Airport (FCO), 30 km from Rome","Ciampino Airport (CIA), 12 km from central Rome"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiumicino_Airport","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome_Ciampino_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":1928,"slug":"bologna","name":"Bologna","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":500,"profile":{"city_type":"Regional capital in northern Italy","access":["Bologna Airport (BLQ), 6 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna_Guglielmo_Marconi_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":353,"slug":"milan","name":"Milan","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":350,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Lombardy","access":["Malpensa Airport (MXP), 49 km from Milan","Linate Airport (LIN), 7 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan_Malpensa_Airport","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linate_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Spider veins (telangiectasias)","Reticular veins","Small to medium varicose veins","Residual or recurrent varicose veins after surgery or ablation","Symptomatic varicosities with aching, heaviness or cosmetic concern","Tributary veins after treatment of truncal reflux"],"contraindications":["Known allergy to the sclerosant","Active deep vein thrombosis or acute thrombophlebitis","Pregnancy and breastfeeding (usually deferred)","Severe peripheral arterial disease","Active local or systemic infection","Prior history of thromboembolism or thrombophilia (relative; needs assessment)","Symptomatic patent foramen ovale with migraine aura for foam (relative)","Severely limited mobility (relative)","Uncontrolled systemic illness (relative)"],"operation_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":1,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Per single session (15-60 minutes), depending on number of veins injected."},"anesthesia":["none"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Treatment sessions only; number depends on extent and size of veins, typically spaced several weeks apart."},"stages":[{"code":"initial_session","label":"First sclerotherapy session with compression","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of first session"}},{"code":"repeat_session","label":"Repeat session if residual veins remain","after":{"min":28,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from first session, if needed"}}],"qualifier":"Many patients need 1-3 sessions for a given area; extensive disease may need more."},"hospital_nights":{"status":"not_applicable"},"treatment_conditions":["outpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":1,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery for one session; no formal rehabilitation needed."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Walking and compression are needed; longer flights may need a few days' delay, depending on foam volume and clot risk."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":0,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Most resume ordinary work the same or next day; avoid prolonged standing and heavy lifting at first."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":0.5,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking is encouraged immediately; avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, hot baths and saunas for 1-2 weeks."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Spider and reticular veins fade in about 1-3 months; larger varicose veins may take up to 6."},"result_longevity":"Treated veins usually do not reopen, but new varicose or spider veins may develop over time because venous disease is ongoing; periodic touch-ups are common.","main_risks":["Bruising and tenderness along treated veins","Skin hyperpigmentation (brown staining)","Trapped blood and superficial thrombophlebitis","Telangiectatic matting (new tiny vessels)","Injection site pain, cramping or itching","Allergic reaction (rare anaphylaxis)","Skin ulceration or necrosis from extravasation (rare)","Deep vein thrombosis (rare)","Transient visual disturbance, headache or migraine with foam (rare)"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any minor effect (pigmentation, matting, trapped blood, thrombophlebitis) within 6 months; serious events under 1%"},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing repeat or touch-up sessions for residual or recurrent veins within 1-2 years"},"success":{"metric":"Treated veins occluded or resolved","value":80,"horizon":"3-6 months","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"No surgical scars; needle puncture marks are minimal. Temporary bruising or brown pigmentation may occur and usually fades.","pain":"Mild: brief stinging or cramping during injection with a very fine needle; mild aching or tenderness for a few days afterwards.","preparation":["Consultation with vein assessment, usually duplex ultrasound for reflux","Review of medical history, allergies and medications","Avoid moisturizer or self-tan on legs that day","Wear or bring shorts and comfortable clothing","Obtain compression stockings beforehand if advised","Avoid sun exposure or tanning of legs before treatment"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day 0-1","description":"Compression applied after injections; walking right away; mild bruising and tenderness possible.","restrictions":["Avoid prolonged standing or sitting","Avoid strenuous exercise"]},{"phase":"Week 1-2","description":"Compression stockings worn per instructions; bruising and lumps gradually settle.","restrictions":["Avoid hot baths, saunas and sun exposure of legs","Avoid heavy lifting and intense exercise"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Treated veins fade; residual pigmentation or trapped blood may be reviewed.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Final cosmetic outcome evident; touch-up session if needed.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check of treated veins, trapped blood or need for repeat session"}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":60,"max":120,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Final assessment of vein closure and cosmetic result"}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask whether your veins were assessed with ultrasound before treatment, to see if foam can be used","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-services/vascular-services/vascular-services-patient-information/treating-varicose-veins-foam-injections","host":"nbt.nhs.uk","quote":"During assessment of the veins we use ultrasound to see if foam can be used to treat.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Talk with your provider about how well sclerotherapy is likely to work for you","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/venous_disorders/sclerotherapy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"It’s a good idea to talk with your provider about how well they think sclerotherapy treatment will work for you.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team treating you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Confirm you can ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Make sure you are clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to decide quickly, or cheap time-limited offers, are signs to avoid rather than act on","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don't be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"An advert or information promising complete success is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Whole leg swelling after treatment","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk/display-pil/pil-ultrasoundguided-foam-sclerotherapy--3990","host":"plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"If your whole leg swells, or becomes excessively painful, you should contact your GP for advice.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Painful lump along the treated vein","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/foam-sclerotherapy-varicose-veins-ghpi0993/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Occasionally, a varicose vein becomes a painful lump following this treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Severe allergic reaction to the foam","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/foam-sclerotherapy-varicose-veins-ghpi0993/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Rarely a severe allergic reaction to the foam can happen in about 1 in every 50,000 patients.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Given before you leave; your home doctor needs them to continue aftercare","document":"discharge and aftercare instructions","source":{"url":"https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-services/vascular-services/vascular-services-patient-information/treating-varicose-veins-foam-injections","host":"nbt.nhs.uk","quote":"Before leaving you will be given discharge information and aftercare instructions.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"non_surgical","fields":{"anesthesia":["none"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":0,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Most resume ordinary work the same or next day; avoid prolonged standing and heavy lifting at first."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any minor effect (pigmentation, matting, trapped blood, thrombophlebitis) within 6 months; serious events under 1%"},"contraindications":["Known allergy to the sclerosant","Active deep vein thrombosis or acute thrombophlebitis","Pregnancy and breastfeeding (usually deferred)","Severe peripheral arterial disease","Active local or systemic infection","Prior history of thromboembolism or thrombophilia (relative; needs assessment)","Symptomatic patent foramen ovale with migraine aura for foam (relative)","Severely limited mobility (relative)","Uncontrolled systemic illness (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Office-based procedure; no overnight stay."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":0.5,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking is encouraged immediately; avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, hot baths and saunas for 1-2 weeks."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Spider and reticular veins fade in about 1-3 months; larger varicose veins may take up to 6."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Walking and compression are needed; longer flights may need a few days' delay, depending on foam volume and clot risk."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check of treated veins, trapped blood or need for repeat session"}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":60,"max":120,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Final assessment of vein closure and cosmetic result"}}],"indications":["Spider veins (telangiectasias)","Reticular veins","Small to medium varicose veins","Residual or recurrent varicose veins after surgery or ablation","Symptomatic varicosities with aching, heaviness or cosmetic concern","Tributary veins after treatment of truncal reflux"],"main_risks":["Bruising and tenderness along treated veins","Skin hyperpigmentation (brown staining)","Trapped blood and superficial thrombophlebitis","Telangiectatic matting (new tiny vessels)","Injection site pain, cramping or itching","Allergic reaction (rare anaphylaxis)","Skin ulceration or necrosis from extravasation (rare)","Deep vein thrombosis (rare)","Transient visual disturbance, headache or migraine with foam (rare)"],"pain":"Mild: brief stinging or cramping during injection with a very fine needle; mild aching or tenderness for a few days afterwards.","preparation":["Consultation with vein assessment, usually duplex ultrasound for reflux","Review of medical history, allergies and medications","Avoid moisturizer or self-tan on legs that day","Wear or bring shorts and comfortable clothing","Obtain compression stockings beforehand if advised","Avoid sun exposure or tanning of legs before treatment"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day 0-1","description":"Compression applied after injections; walking right away; mild bruising and tenderness possible.","restrictions":["Avoid prolonged standing or sitting","Avoid strenuous exercise"]},{"phase":"Week 1-2","description":"Compression stockings worn per instructions; bruising and lumps gradually settle.","restrictions":["Avoid hot baths, saunas and sun exposure of legs","Avoid heavy lifting and intense exercise"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Treated veins fade; residual pigmentation or trapped blood may be reviewed.","restrictions":[]},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Final cosmetic outcome evident; touch-up session if needed.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":1,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery for one session; no formal rehabilitation needed."},"result_longevity":"Treated veins usually do not reopen, but new varicose or spider veins may develop over time because venous disease is ongoing; periodic touch-ups are common.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing repeat or touch-up sessions for residual or recurrent veins within 1-2 years"},"scars":"No surgical scars; needle puncture marks are minimal. Temporary bruising or brown pigmentation may occur and usually fades.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Treatment sessions only; number depends on extent and size of veins, typically spaced several weeks apart."},"stages":[{"code":"initial_session","label":"First sclerotherapy session with compression","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of first session"}},{"code":"repeat_session","label":"Repeat session if residual veins remain","after":{"min":28,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from first session, if needed"}}],"qualifier":"Many patients need 1-3 sessions for a given area; extensive disease may need more."},"success":{"metric":"Treated veins occluded or resolved","value":80,"unit":"percent of treated patients","horizon":"3-6 months","population":"Adults with spider, reticular or small-to-medium varicose veins","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Liquid sclerotherapy","suits_whom":"Spider and reticular veins and very small varicose veins","recovery":"Walking immediately; compression for days to 2 weeks."},{"name":"Foam sclerotherapy (often ultrasound-guided)","suits_whom":"Larger varicose veins, tributaries and recurrent veins","recovery":"Walking immediately; compression typically 1-2 weeks; mild bruising."}],"treatment_conditions":["outpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":1,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Per single session (15-60 minutes), depending on number of veins injected."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Standing photos of both legs, front and back","Close-up photos of the veins","Lower-limb venous duplex ultrasound report (if available)","List of blood thinners","History of leg blood clots (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":2,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Limited disease can be treated in one visit; stay 3-7 days. Repeat sessions at 4-13 weeks can be local."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask whether your veins were assessed with ultrasound before treatment, to see if foam can be used","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-services/vascular-services/vascular-services-patient-information/treating-varicose-veins-foam-injections","host":"nbt.nhs.uk","quote":"During assessment of the veins we use ultrasound to see if foam can be used to treat.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Talk with your provider about how well sclerotherapy is likely to work for you","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/heart/disorders/venous_disorders/sclerotherapy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"It’s a good idea to talk with your provider about how well they think sclerotherapy treatment will work for you.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team treating you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Confirm you can ask the team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Make sure you are clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to decide quickly, or cheap time-limited offers, are signs to avoid rather than act on","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don't be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"An advert or information promising complete success is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Whole leg swelling after treatment","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk/display-pil/pil-ultrasoundguided-foam-sclerotherapy--3990","host":"plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"If your whole leg swells, or becomes excessively painful, you should contact your GP for advice.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Painful lump along the treated vein","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/foam-sclerotherapy-varicose-veins-ghpi0993/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Occasionally, a varicose vein becomes a painful lump following this treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Severe allergic reaction to the foam","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/foam-sclerotherapy-varicose-veins-ghpi0993/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Rarely a severe allergic reaction to the foam can happen in about 1 in every 50,000 patients.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Given before you leave; your home doctor needs them to continue aftercare","document":"discharge and aftercare instructions","source":{"url":"https://www.nbt.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-services/vascular-services/vascular-services-patient-information/treating-varicose-veins-foam-injections","host":"nbt.nhs.uk","quote":"Before leaving you will be given discharge information and aftercare instructions.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Endothermal ablation is suitable for your veins","name":"Endothermal ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-veins/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You'll usually be offered foam sclerotherapy if endothermal ablation is not suitable for you.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You can accept a longer recovery than injections need","name":"Surgery for varicose veins","source":{"url":"https://www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk/display-pil/pil-ultrasoundguided-foam-sclerotherapy--3990","host":"plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The recovery time is shorter compared to the surgical option and allows a faster return to normal activities","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"liquid-sclerotherapy","name":"Liquid sclerotherapy","how_it_works":{"text":"A chemical solution makes the vein walls stick together and seal shut","source":{"url":"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/sclerotherapy/index.html","host":"ucsfhealth.org","quote":"The solution causes the vein walls to swell, stick together and seal shut, stopping the flow of blood.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/sclerotherapy/index.html","host":"ucsfhealth.org","quote":"Most people return to their normal activities on the same day.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}},{"id":"foam-sclerotherapy","name":"Foam sclerotherapy (often ultrasound-guided)","how_it_works":{"text":"A foam solution is injected so the vein walls seal shut","source":{"url":"https://www.healthline.com/health/sclerotherapy","host":"healthline.com","quote":"The liquid or foam solution causes the walls of the injected vein to seal shut, so blood is redirected to unaffected veins.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-veins/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have some pain and bruising, but you should be able to go back to most of your usual activities straight away.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"liquid-sclerotherapy","name":"Liquid sclerotherapy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"A chemical solution makes the vein walls stick together and seal shut","source":{"url":"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/sclerotherapy/index.html","host":"ucsfhealth.org","quote":"The solution causes the vein walls to swell, stick together and seal shut, stopping the flow of blood.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://www.ucsfhealth.org/treatments/sclerotherapy/index.html","host":"ucsfhealth.org","quote":"Most people return to their normal activities on the same day.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Spider and reticular veins and very small varicose veins","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Walking immediately; compression for days to 2 weeks."},{"id":"foam-sclerotherapy","name":"Foam sclerotherapy (often ultrasound-guided)","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"A foam solution is injected so the vein walls seal shut","source":{"url":"https://www.healthline.com/health/sclerotherapy","host":"healthline.com","quote":"The liquid or foam solution causes the walls of the injected vein to seal shut, so blood is redirected to unaffected veins.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","label":"Same day","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-veins/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You may have some pain and bruising, but you should be able to go back to most of your usual activities straight away.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},"suits_whom":"Larger varicose veins, tributaries and recurrent veins","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Walking immediately; compression typically 1-2 weeks; mild bruising."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Endothermal ablation is suitable for your veins","name":"Endothermal ablation","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-veins/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"You'll usually be offered foam sclerotherapy if endothermal ablation is not suitable for you.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You can accept a longer recovery than injections need","name":"Surgery for varicose veins","source":{"url":"https://www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk/display-pil/pil-ultrasoundguided-foam-sclerotherapy--3990","host":"plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The recovery time is shorter compared to the surgical option and allows a faster return to normal activities","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2027-02-09"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK passport holders can travel to Italy without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can travel without a visa to the Schengen area , which includes Italy, for up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy without a visa for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"U.S. citizens may enter Italy for up to 90 days for tourist or business purposes without a visa.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"have an ‘expiry date’ at least 3 months after the day you plan to leave the Schengen area (the expiry date does not need to be within 10 years of the date of issue)","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A U.S. passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay in Italy","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Your passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the period of stay.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Foreigners may bring personal medications for 30 days into Italy; bringing a copy of the prescription is recommended","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"According to the Ministry of Health, foreigners entering Italy are allowed to bring personal medications for a period of 30 days, but it is recommended that travelers also bring a copy of their prescription with them.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"A UK GHIC or EHIC is needed to get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Italy, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V7","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Private hospitals in Italy usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Italy.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Private hospitals usually require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V8","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance in Italy","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/italy/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 118 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["austria","azerbaijan","brazil","canada","colombia","czech-republic","dominican-republic","egypt","germany","greece","hungary","india","israel","japan","latvia","lithuania","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","spain","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine","united-arab-emirates"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":5,"count":2,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Sclerotherapy of varicose veins in Italy typically costs from _op_627_price_from_ to _op_627_price_to_. The total price depends on whether the patient requires a single session or a multi-session package. In the US, similar procedures cost around _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Patients save around _price_percent_discount_% compared to US rates. Treatment usually includes the specialist consultation, the procedure itself, and follow-up clinical monitoring.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Single session therapy:</strong> Costs range from $100 to $350 for targeted vein treatment.</li>\n<li><strong>Comprehensive treatment packages:</strong> These typically include diagnostic Doppler sonography and multiple sessions.</li>\n<li><strong>Diagnostic consultations:</strong> Preliminary ultrasounds with vascular specialists add approximately $200 to $350.</li>\n<li><strong>Regional hub pricing:</strong> Major medical centers in Rome and Bologna offer advanced facility standards.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Choosing multidisciplinary centers like Maria Cecilia Hospital offers significant value. This JCI-accredited facility handles 15% of Italy's cardiac surgeries. High-volume hospitals often provide more reliable outcomes for vascular procedures. For example, comprehensive packages in Bologna start around $1,100. This is often more cost-effective than paying for individual sessions in smaller local clinics. Major hubs also provide easier access to international airports and transfer services.</p>","faq":[{"q":"What is foam sclerotherapy and why is it used?","a":"<p>Foam sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive treatment for varicose veins. Specialists inject a foamed chemical solution into damaged vessels. This foam displaces blood to ensure maximum contact with vein walls. It causes them to collapse, seal shut, and eventually disappear.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Procedure goal:</strong> Safely treats tortuous veins or vessels up to 5 mm wide.</li> <li><strong>Typical duration:</strong> Sessions take 20 to 45 minutes per leg with local anesthesia.</li> <li><strong>Patient recovery:</strong> Immediate walking is mandatory to prevent clots and maintain healthy circulation.</li> <li><strong>Post-care requirements:</strong> Patients must wear medical-grade compression stockings for 1 to 2 weeks.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While liquid sclerotherapy is common for spider veins, Italian clinics often prioritize ultrasound-guided foam for deeper vessels. Data shows JCI-accredited facilities like Maria Cecilia Hospital use this precision to achieve higher closure rates. Choosing ultrasound-guided sessions reduces the risk of missing hidden tributary veins.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Most patients describe the injections as quick bee stings. You can resume daily tasks immediately, but expect temporary bruising or dark marks that fade over several months.</p>"},{"q":"Is sclerotherapy painful and what is the expected recovery time?","a":"<p>Sclerotherapy is a minimally uncomfortable procedure with virtually no downtime. Patients typically feel a light pinch or mild stinging lasting 1–2 minutes. You can return to work immediately, though veins may take 3 to 6 weeks to fade completely.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Procedure sensation:</strong> Most patients report a quick sting similar to a mosquito bite or pinch.</li> <li><strong>Immediate recovery:</strong> You can drive yourself home and resume light activities on the same day.</li> <li><strong>Compression therapy:</strong> Wearing compression stockings for 48 hours is vital to seal treated veins.</li> <li><strong>Activity limits:</strong> Walking is encouraged immediately, but avoid high-impact exercise for 1 to 2 weeks.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While small spider veins fade fast, larger varicose veins often require foam sclerotherapy. Data from centers like Maria Cecilia Hospital shows that specialized vascular care ensures higher precision. In Italy, clinics often bundle this treatment with comprehensive screening packages for better long-term vascular health.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients report that while injections cause brief cramping, walking right away helps ease discomfort. Most appreciate that they can continue their daily routine immediately after the session.</p>"},{"q":"Are the results of sclerotherapy permanent?","a":"<p>Sclerotherapy results are permanent for the specific veins treated because the injected sclerosant agent causes them to collapse and transform into scar tissue. While these vessels cannot reopen, the procedure does not prevent new varicose veins from developing due to aging or genetics.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Vessel destruction:</strong> Successfully treated veins turn into scar tissue and the body reabsorbs them permanently.</li> <li><strong>Rerouted circulation:</strong> Blood flow naturally redirects to deeper, healthier veins immediately after the treated vessel closes.</li> <li><strong>Long-term recurrence:</strong> Many patients require touch-up sessions every 3 to 5 years for new emerging veins.</li> <li><strong>Full absorption:</strong> Spider veins fade within 6 weeks, while larger varicose veins take 4 months.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Italian clinics like Maria Cecilia Hospital prioritize diagnostic precision by using venous ultrasound first. This step is vital because sclerotherapy only fixes surface veins. If deeper reflux remains untreated, new varicose veins will likely appear within 12 months. Choosing a JCI-accredited facility ensures access to advanced mapping that improves long-term results.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Treated veins stay closed, but lifestyle changes and compression stockings are essential for success. Most patients find that maintaining a stable weight helps prevent new veins from forming shortly after treatment.</p>"},{"q":"Which Italian clinics are well-regarded for varicose-vein sclerotherapy?","a":"<p>Italian centers like Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy in Rome and Maria Cecilia Hospital in Bologna are recognized for varicose-vein sclerotherapy. These facilities utilize ultrasound-guided foam techniques and are staffed by vascular specialists often accredited by the Italian National Health Service or Joint Commission International.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Specialized expertise:</strong> Prof. Dr. Luigi Masoni specializes in minimally invasive vascular techniques in Rome.</li> <li><strong>Advanced diagnostics:</strong> Clinics use Doppler sonography for precise vein mapping before injecting sclerosant agents.</li> <li><strong>High success:</strong> Sclerotherapy in Italy achieves 80-90% efficacy for small to medium-sized varicose veins.</li> <li><strong>Ambulatory care:</strong> Procedures are typically performed on a same-day basis with minimal recovery time required.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While Rome and Milan are popular medical hubs, Maria Cecilia Hospital in Bologna stands out for its Joint Commission International accreditation and multi-disciplinary teams. This specific oversight often correlates with higher safety standards for vascular interventions compared to non-accredited private local clinics.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of pre-operative duplex ultrasound mapping and suggest confirming that phlebologists are board-certified to avoid potential side effects like skin pigmentation.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"How Much Does Sclerotherapy of varicose veins Cost in Italy?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Your Benefits and Guarantees with Bookimed","kind":"content"},{"text":"Your personal Bookimed medical coordinator","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover the Best Sclerotherapy of varicose veins Clinics in Italy: 2 Verified Options and Prices","kind":"content"},{"text":"Sclerotherapy of varicose veins Overview in Italy","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Doctors","kind":"content"},{"text":"Video Stories from Bookimed Patients","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Fast Facts about Sclerotherapy of varicose veins","kind":"content"},{"text":"FAQ about Sclerotherapy of varicose veins in Italy","kind":"content"},{"text":"Get a free consultation","kind":"ui"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}