INVICTA Clinics is Poland's leading IVF center with Europe's best success rates. Nearly 10,000 patients choose it annually for fertility treatment. Its core expertise is in vitro fertilization (IVF).
INVICTA Clinics is Poland's leading IVF center with Europe's best success rates. Nearly 10,000 patients choose it annually for fertility treatment. Its core expertise is in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Dr. Artur A. Antoniewicz, MD, PhD, is a urologist with more than 20 years of experience. He has led the Urology Department at Międzyleski Specialist Hospital in Warsaw for 7 years. He has been affiliated with the hospital for over 20 years. Since 2018, he has performed robot-assisted procedures at the Prostate Cancer Treatment Center.
\nHe graduated from the First Faculty of Medicine at the Medical University of Warsaw. He is a specialist in urology and in general surgery (1992). He has worked at State Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Warsaw, the Department of Urology at the Medical University of Warsaw, and the Railway Hospital in Warsaw. He completed fellowships and training in Germany, France, Slovenia, and Italy.
\nHe earned FEBU certification in 1999. He has served on the Scientific Committee of the Polish Urological Association since 2000. He is an active member of the Polish Urological Association, the European Board of Urology, the European Association of Urology, and the Société Internationale d’Urologie.
","specialities":[{"id":"onc.006","name":"Oncologist/mammologist","illness_kind_id":10},{"id":"sur.005","name":"Urological surgeon","illness_kind_id":33},{"id":"sur.007","name":"Surgical oncologist","illness_kind_id":33},{"id":"url.001","name":"Urologist","illness_kind_id":16}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":4286,"alias":"lux-med-hospital","name":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety","short_description":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety is a private multi-specialty medical center in Warsaw, Poland. The team is dedicated to urology and proctology.
It serves adults only and treats around 10,000 patients every year. Patients from the Balkans, the USA, Canada, Australia, and Europe & Commonwealth visit the clinic most often.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212c9f1aad","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, historic medical building"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cbd70b8","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, illuminated at night"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cded7c2","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, Poland"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cfa6b61","title":"Reception staff at LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic in Poland"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Poland","id":17,"alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},"city":{"name":"Warsaw","id":18,"alias":"warsaw"},"address":"Seweryna Goszczyńskiego 1, 02-616 Warszawa, Poland"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.2,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":16,"year_foundation":2013},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa21bee31e9.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1bc0599c8.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa189e60bac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Pediatric Oncology & Hematology Oncology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1384d3fa1.jpeg","name":"Patient Choice for Basic Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc2b909d3bff.jpeg","name":"Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc0068d86f97.jpeg","name":"Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc00432c38f9.jpeg","name":"Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9ab0b55935.jpeg","name":"European Board of Urology","country_code":"NL"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb722b61423.jpeg","name":"Best price for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb7224df9a8.jpeg","name":"Best prostate cancer specialist","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb719cb58a4.jpeg","name":"Best solution for colorectal cancer treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb718dd79b8.jpeg","name":"Best clinic for radiotherapy","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb71816ad36.jpeg","name":"Best oncology hematology department","country_code":"UA"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":11918,"alias":"maciej-zbrzezniak","name":"Maciej Zbrzezniak","clinic_id":4286,"photo":"doctor/69f9e5b2067fc","first_year_working":1950,"created_at":"2026-05-05T12:42:24.995+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Maciej Zbrzezniak is a urologist with FEBU certification (2000). He earned a PhD in medical sciences in January 2004. His dissertation was “Usefulness of urodynamic studies in qualifying patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia for surgical treatment,” supervised by Prof. Andrzej Borówka. He graduated from the Medical Academy in Warsaw (1986–1993).
\nClinical focus includes kidney and ureteral stone management (PCNL, RIRS, URSL) and urodynamic diagnostics. He also treats BPH conservatively and with TURP, manages urinary incontinence in women and men (suburethral sling, BOTOX™, laparoscopic colposuspension), and performs TURBT.
\nExperience: Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, CMKP Warsaw (since 2004). Senior Research and Teaching Assistant (1999–2004). Assistant, SPSK1 CMKP Department of Urology (1994–1999).
","specialities":[{"id":"sur.005","name":"Urological surgeon","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":4286,"alias":"lux-med-hospital","name":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety","short_description":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety is a private multi-specialty medical center in Warsaw, Poland. The team is dedicated to urology and proctology.
It serves adults only and treats around 10,000 patients every year. Patients from the Balkans, the USA, Canada, Australia, and Europe & Commonwealth visit the clinic most often.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212c9f1aad","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, historic medical building"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cbd70b8","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, illuminated at night"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cded7c2","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, Poland"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cfa6b61","title":"Reception staff at LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic in Poland"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Poland","id":17,"alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},"city":{"name":"Warsaw","id":18,"alias":"warsaw"},"address":"Seweryna Goszczyńskiego 1, 02-616 Warszawa, Poland"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.2,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":16,"year_foundation":2013},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa21bee31e9.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1bc0599c8.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa189e60bac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Pediatric Oncology & Hematology Oncology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1384d3fa1.jpeg","name":"Patient Choice for Basic Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc2b909d3bff.jpeg","name":"Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc0068d86f97.jpeg","name":"Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc00432c38f9.jpeg","name":"Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9ab0b55935.jpeg","name":"European Board of Urology","country_code":"NL"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb722b61423.jpeg","name":"Best price for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb7224df9a8.jpeg","name":"Best prostate cancer specialist","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb719cb58a4.jpeg","name":"Best solution for colorectal cancer treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb718dd79b8.jpeg","name":"Best clinic for radiotherapy","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb71816ad36.jpeg","name":"Best oncology hematology department","country_code":"UA"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":14540,"alias":"marek-zawadzki","name":"Marek Zawadzki","clinic_id":4286,"first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2026-08-04T16:28:44.344+00:00","short_description":"Andrzej Kwiatkowski is a specialist at LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety and leads the General, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery Clinic at WIM-PIB. He is a certified robotic surgeon (October 2020) and a certified Lapco Poland trainer. His experience includes 1,000+ minimally invasive colorectal operations, with 300 performed robotically, and he serves as a proctor for training across 8 colorectal cancer centers.","specialities":[{"id":"sur.005","name":"Urological surgeon","illness_kind_id":33},{"id":"url.001","name":"Urologist","illness_kind_id":16}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":4286,"alias":"lux-med-hospital","name":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety","short_description":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety is a private multi-specialty medical center in Warsaw, Poland. The team is dedicated to urology and proctology.
It serves adults only and treats around 10,000 patients every year. Patients from the Balkans, the USA, Canada, Australia, and Europe & Commonwealth visit the clinic most often.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212c9f1aad","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, historic medical building"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cbd70b8","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, illuminated at night"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cded7c2","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic exterior in Warsaw, Poland"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212cfa6b61","title":"Reception staff at LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety clinic in Poland"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Poland","id":17,"alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},"city":{"name":"Warsaw","id":18,"alias":"warsaw"},"address":"Seweryna Goszczyńskiego 1, 02-616 Warszawa, Poland"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.2,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":16,"year_foundation":2013},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa21bee31e9.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1bc0599c8.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa189e60bac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Pediatric Oncology & Hematology Oncology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa1384d3fa1.jpeg","name":"Patient Choice for Basic Check-up","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc2b909d3bff.jpeg","name":"Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc0068d86f97.jpeg","name":"Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc00432c38f9.jpeg","name":"Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9ab0b55935.jpeg","name":"European Board of Urology","country_code":"NL"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb722b61423.jpeg","name":"Best price for robotic prostate surgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb7224df9a8.jpeg","name":"Best prostate cancer specialist","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb719cb58a4.jpeg","name":"Best solution for colorectal cancer treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb718dd79b8.jpeg","name":"Best clinic for radiotherapy","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb71816ad36.jpeg","name":"Best oncology hematology department","country_code":"UA"}]}},{"card_text":"Dr. Leszczyński specializes in urological surgery, with extensive experience in minimally invasive techniques. He trained at the Medical University of Warsaw and holds a Fellow of the European Board of Urology title.
Dr. Daniel Leszczynski is a urologist at Carolina Hospital in Warsaw. He specializes in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and urinary incontinence surgery. He developed a unique CO2 laser technique for the treatment of phimosis. Dr. Leszczynski is a Fellow of the European Board of Urology. He co-leads surgical workshops on incontinence treatment for other medical professionals.
Carolina Hospital is a private medical center in Warsaw, Poland, and a FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence. Its strongest specialties are orthopedics, neurosurgery, urology, and otorhinolaryngology. The hospital is the long-term medical partner of the Polish Olympic Committee and the Polish National Ballet.
Dr. Marek Filipek is the first Polish urologist certified as an Ablatherm® HIFU operator, training doctors across Central and Eastern Europe in this innovative method.
Dr. Marek Filipek is the first Polish urologist certified as an Ablatherm HIFU operator. He specializes in prostate disease diagnosis and treatment at Carolina Hospital. Dr. Filipek is the only doctor in his region to train medical teams in the HIFU method. He created one of the most modern urology departments in Poland from scratch.
Carolina Hospital is a private medical center in Warsaw, Poland, and a FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence. Its strongest specialties are orthopedics, neurosurgery, urology, and otorhinolaryngology. The hospital is the long-term medical partner of the Polish Olympic Committee and the Polish National Ballet.
Arrival
\nDiagnostics
\nTreatment Plan Development
\nTreatment
\nFollow-up
\nRehabilitation
\nPlease remember that only a doctor can determine the exact diagnostic and treatment plan. The overall treatment duration and recovery time may vary per individual. Additional treatment options might include medication or bladder instillations. Also, further diagnostic methods like MRI or CT scan can be applied if necessary.
"}}},"faq":[{"id":"6a082bf1047a8c088f0d3552","question":"What exactly is leukoplakia of the bladder, and is it dangerous?","answer":"Leukoplakia of the bladder is a condition where the flexible bladder lining transforms into thick, skin-like keratinized tissue. It is a precancerous state often caused by chronic inflammation. Approximately 10% to 20% of cases may involve concurrent bladder carcinoma at the time of diagnosis.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Poland offers a high concentration of specialists with European Board of Urology (FEBU) certification, such as Dr. Maciej Zbrzezniak. Data shows Polish urologists often lead specialized laparoscopic and laser workshops. This high level of academic involvement ensures patients access updated surgical protocols for complex bladder resections like TURBT.
Patient Consensus: Patients note the term sounds much scarier than the reality, but emphasize that the biopsy report is more important than visual white patches. Many find that managing chronic pain and scheduling regular follow-up cystoscopies are the most challenging aspects of the diagnosis.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"6a082c6202859114e00fa624","question":"How is bladder leukoplakia accurately diagnosed before treatment?","answer":"Accurate diagnosis of bladder leukoplakia requires a cystoscopy combined with a histopathological biopsy. Visual inspection alone cannot distinguish these white plaques from chronic inflammation or cancer. Surgeons must collect tissue samples to confirm keratinizing squamous metaplasia and rule out malignancy through laboratory analysis.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many search for general urologists, our data shows patients in Poland often benefit from specialists like Dr. Daniel Leszczynski or Dr. Maciej Zbrzezniak. These experts hold the Fellow of the European Board of Urology (FEBU) title. This credential indicates they have passed rigorous, standardized European exams. It ensures your diagnostic biopsy follows high-level international protocols rather than just local standards.
Patient Consensus: Patients emphasize that a visual exam during cystoscopy is not a final answer. They often share that confirming whether a lesion is benign or requires aggressive treatment depends entirely on the pathology report's mention of dysplasia.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"6a082ce27437167fab0d4152","question":"Which treatment options are available in Poland for bladder leukoplakia?","answer":"Treatment for bladder leukoplakia in Poland centers on confirming the diagnosis via cystoscopic biopsy before proceeding with endoscopic removal. Polish urologists utilize transurethral resection, laser ablation, and fulguration to eliminate abnormal tissue. These procedures are often performed in JCI-accredited facilities in cities like Warsaw and Gdansk.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many patients focus on the initial surgery, the choice of specialist is vital for long-term management. Our data shows that top Polish experts, such as Dr. Maciej Zbrzezniak, specialize in combined endoscopic techniques like TURBT. This expertise is crucial because leukoplakia often requires refined resection to preserve healthy bladder tissue while ensuring the entire lesion is removed for pathology.
Patient Consensus: Patients emphasize that a clear pathology report is the most important step in the process. They note that the recovery often involves long-term monitoring and repeat procedures rather than a single treatment.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"6a082d5c7437167fab0d4153","question":"Where in Poland can bladder leukoplakia be treated?","answer":"Bladder leukoplakia is treated at specialized urology departments in major Polish cities including Warsaw, Krakow, and Gdansk. Leading facilities like Carolina Hospital and INVICTA Clinics provide advanced endoscopic diagnostics and surgical removals. Patients receive care from European Board of Urology certified specialists.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Poland serves as a major hub for urology with 87 clinics and a global rank of 3 in our medical network. While many seek large academic centers, private facilities like Carolina Hospital offer unique access to highly credentialed surgeons. Dr. Daniel Leszczynski and Dr. Artur Antoniewicz both hold Fellow of the European Board of Urology (FEBU) status. This certification is a critical quality marker for international patients seeking standardized European surgical protocols.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that leukoplakia often mimics recurrent urinary tract infections, which can delay diagnosis for months. They emphasize the importance of insisting on a cystoscopy and histological confirmation through a detailed pathology report.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"6a082dd83e197defe60a16c2","question":"What qualifications and credentials do Polish urologists have for managing bladder leukoplakia?","answer":"Polish urologists are highly qualified specialists holding dual national and European certifications for managing bladder leukoplakia. Most practitioners are Fellows of the European Board of Urology. They complete a 6-year medical degree followed by a rigorous 5-to-6-year specialized residency in urological surgery.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many search for general expertise, our data shows that the most effective treatment for leukoplakia involves specialists with heavy volume in TURBT (Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors). Dr. Maciej Zbrzezniak and Dr. Daniel Leszczynski at Carolina Hospital have specifically developed their practice around these endoscopic techniques. Choosing a doctor who also leads surgical workshops ensures they are proficient in the latest laser ablation methods required for mucosal lesions.
Patient Consensus: Patients note it is important to choose a urologist who works closely with a dedicated pathology lab. They emphasize that a concrete long-term follow-up plan for repeat cystoscopy is more valuable than any single degree.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2efb98a3c319f530abdd2","question":"Is neurosurgery in Poland of high quality?","answer":"Neurosurgery in Poland offers high-quality care through JCI and ISO-certified facilities. Polish neurosurgeons follow rigorous European Union training standards. Many hold fellowships from the US or Germany. Advanced technologies like CyberKnife, Gamma Knife, and robotic systems are widely available in private centers.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows a strong correlation between clinic specializations and patient origins. KCM Clinic serves 700+ international patients yearly. It focuses heavily on minimally invasive spine surgery. This volume allows them to offer specialized packages. These often include diagnostic blocks and specific implants like the Medtronic DIAM.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that Polish surgeons are highly attentive and detailed during consultations. Some mention that while the surgery itself is world-class, it is helpful to use a translation app for smoother communication with all hospital staff.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f0591a880d25ea0ef984","question":"What are the qualifications of Polish neurosurgeons?","answer":"Polish neurosurgeons are highly qualified specialists who complete at least 13 years of rigorous medical training. This includes a 6-year medical degree, a 13-month internship, and a 6-year residency. They must pass the State Specialization Examination (PES) and often hold European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) certification.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows Polish neurosurgeons often specialize in niche technologies like the ApiFix system or SED-YESS lumbar endoscopy. Specialists like Dr. Stanislaw Kwiek at KCM Clinic combine postdoctoral research with active surgical practice. This blend of academic depth and high procedure volumes makes them particularly effective for complex, minimally invasive spine revisions.
Patient Consensus: Patients value doctors who provide detailed explanations and answer all questions during consultations. While medical expertise is high, patients recommend confirming all payment terms and package inclusions in writing before traveling.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f1b55ba651dd6b0e6443","question":"Which are the best hospitals for neurosurgery in Poland?","answer":"The best hospitals for neurosurgery in Poland include Carolina Hospital, KCM Clinic, and top academic centers like the University Hospital in Krakow. These facilities offer advanced spinal and brain treatments, featuring ISO-certified quality standards and specialists with international memberships in organizations like AO Spine.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many search for the largest hospitals, data shows that clinics like Carolina Hospital offer superior efficiency for elective cases. Having 40+ specialized doctors in a 30-bed facility ensures a much higher doctor-to-patient ratio than public university centers. This translates to more attentive postoperative care and significantly faster scheduling for procedures like herniated disc repairs.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that while public university hospitals excel at complex brain tumors, private clinics are preferred for spine work due to shorter wait times and better English-speaking support. Many advise confirming the surgeon's specific case volume through professional society listings before booking.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f2438eccec5042022b71","question":"What are the most common neurosurgical procedures performed in Poland?","answer":"Neurosurgery in Poland is dominated by spinal procedures and brain tumor removals. Hospitals frequently perform microdiscectomies, spinal fusions, and deep brain stimulation. Centers like Carolina Hospital and KCM Clinic utilize minimally invasive techniques to treat herniated discs, spinal injuries, and complex neurological disorders.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Poland has become a hub for specialized spinal stabilization. Clinics like Carolina Hospital partner with national sports teams, reflecting high expertise in complex spinal trauma. Our data shows these facilities often integrate rehabilitation directly into the surgical package. This combination reduces the risk of post-operative issues and speeds up patient recovery.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that private clinics offer much faster access for elective spine surgery compared to public options. Many recommend confirming the availability of English-speaking staff and planning for a short hospital stay followed by intensive physical therapy.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f295cf14365a79044db2","question":"Is neurological rehabilitation available?","answer":"Neurological rehabilitation is widely available in Poland through specialized centers and multidisciplinary hospitals. Programs cover recovery for stroke, spinal cord injuries, and degenerative diseases. Facilities like Carolina Hospital in Warsaw and KCM Clinic provide physician-supervised therapy. Most neurosurgical packages include initial post-operative rehabilitation assessments.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows that clinics with high international patient volumes, like KCM Clinic, often bundle basic rehabilitation into their surgical packages. This is a significant advantage because separate neuro-rehabilitation in Poland can be difficult to coordinate independently. Choosing a clinic that provides an on-site rehabilitator ensures your recovery starts within 24 hours of surgery, which is vital for nerve regeneration.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that while major hospitals provide initial mobility checks, finding specialized speech or cognitive therapy often requires moving to a private center. Many recommend confirming a specific rehab plan with the neurosurgeon before traveling to ensure seamless care.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f3119a4e28f80a037792","question":"Who are the top neurosurgeons in Poland?","answer":"Top neurosurgeons in Poland include Dr. Jurij Kseniuk and Dr. Maciej Bujko at Carolina Hospital in Warsaw. These specialists focus on minimally invasive spine surgery and endoscopic techniques. They hold international certifications and memberships in the Polish Society of Spine Surgery and EUROSPINE.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows a high concentration of elite expertise in Warsaw. Carolina Hospital alone houses 40+ specialists with dual certifications in neurosurgery and orthopedics. This multidisciplinary approach is rare. It allows for more precise treatment of complex cases involving both nerve and bone issues.
Patient Consensus: Patients value the detailed diagnostic process, noting that MRIs often take longer but provide superior clarity. While medical care is highly rated, some mention that administrative communication at private clinics can be slow during the payment phase.International patients comfortably access neurosurgery in Poland through specialized private centers in Warsaw and Jelenia Gora. These facilities provide direct access to advanced procedures like CyberKnife and endoscopic spine surgery. JCI and ISO-accredited hospitals streamline the process for foreign patients with dedicated coordination and language support.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Poland's private neurosurgery centers offer a dual advantage of high patient volume and specialized expertise. For example, the University Hospital in Krakow serves 450,000+ patients annually. This massive clinical experience allows private centers to maintain surgical success rates that attract over 700 international patients yearly to clinics like KCM.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that private clinics provide very friendly staff and attentive surgeons who answer every question in detail. While language barriers can occur at reception, centers quickly provide translation support to meet the needs of international visitors.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f3b7cf14365a79044db3","question":"What are the best neurosurgery hospitals in Poland?","answer":"Poland offers top neurosurgery at JCI-standard facilities like Carolina Hospital and KCM Clinic. These centers specialize in minimally invasive spine surgery and complex brain tumor resections. Patients benefit from advanced technologies like CyberKnife and Gamma Knife. High success rates and shorter waiting times define the private sector.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows a clear quality signal in diagnostic depth at top Warsaw clinics. Facilities like Carolina Hospital perform MRI scans that take 3 times longer than standard protocols. This focus on high-resolution imaging directly supports the precision of minimally invasive procedures. It is a key differentiator for complex neurological cases.
Patient Consensus: Patients value the detailed imaging and note that surgeons often have extensive international training. Many highlight that while English is common in private clinics, confirming interpreter services early helps avoid communication gaps during recovery.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f402cf14365a79044db5","question":"Do clinics provide support for international travelers?","answer":"Polish neurosurgery clinics provide comprehensive support for international travelers, ranging from visa assistance to dedicated logistical coordination. Facilities specialized in spinal and brain surgery often include airport transfers and accommodation arrangements. Many centers employ multilingual staff to bridge language barriers for patients from Europe, North America, and beyond.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows that clinics with high international volumes, like KCM Clinic which serves 700+ foreigners annually, often bundle services to simplify the journey. These centers frequently provide all-inclusive packages for procedures like laminectomy or disc surgery. Choosing these bundled options helps patients avoid the complexity of booking local transport or finding recovery-appropriate housing separately.
Patient Consensus: Patients note it is helpful when clinics arrange everything by email before arrival. They emphasize that having a dedicated coordinator who speaks their language makes the surgical process much less stressful.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f47247632095050aea96","question":"Why is neurosurgery more affordable in Poland compared to the US or UK?","answer":"Neurosurgery in Poland is more affordable due to lower labor costs and medical staff salaries compared to the US or UK. Facilities use identical Western technology and implants like Medtronic or Stryker. Favorable exchange rates and reduced malpractice insurance premiums significantly lower surgical fees for international patients.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows that Poland specializes in high-volume endoscopic spine surgery. Specialists like Dr. Radoslaw Michalik have performed over 1,000 advanced spinal procedures. This volume allows clinics to negotiate lower prices for implants. It also ensures surgeons maintain a high level of technical skill in minimally invasive methods.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that treatments like spinal fusion are significantly cheaper than in the US. They recommend confirming English-speaking staff availability before booking to avoid potential language barriers during recovery.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f47f47632095050aea97","question":"What cities are the main medical hubs?","answer":"Warsaw, Krakow, and Jelenia Gora are the primary neurosurgery hubs in Poland. These cities host high-volume centers like Carolina Hospital and KCM Clinic. They offer advanced care including CyberKnife, robotic spine surgery, and Deep brain stimulation (DBS). Most facilities hold ISO certifications for quality and safety.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While Warsaw is the primary destination for brain tumors, Jelenia Gora has carved out a niche for minimally invasive spine procedures. KCM Clinic in Jelenia Gora coordinates specialized packages for international patients that often include nearby Wroclaw airport transfers. This makes it a more streamlined choice for discopathy than the larger, more crowded multi-disciplinary hospitals in Krakow.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that Warsaw is the top choice for scheduling advanced surgeries quickly. In Krakow, travelers suggest avoiding peak tourist seasons to ensure easier local logistics and hospital access.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69b2f51d169244e3cb0000c2","question":"Are online consultations available for international patients?","answer":"Online consultations with neurosurgeons in Poland are widely available for international patients. Specialists at private centers perform these virtual meetings to review MRI or CT scans and discuss treatment plans. These sessions typically cost _diag_522_price_from_ to _diag_522_price_to_ and help determine surgical candidacy before traveling.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data shows that clinics with high international volumes, like KCM Clinic which serves 700+ foreigners annually, often use online consultations to verify if minimally invasive techniques are possible. This is vital for spine cases. It prevents patients from traveling for procedures that may require more invasive traditional surgery once they arrive.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that while video calls are excellent for reviewing scans, the final surgical approval usually happens after an in-person physical exam. They suggest confirming that the specialist speaks your preferred language before the call to ensure clarity.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}}],"faqInSchema":false,"relations":{"countries":[{"name":"Austria","alias":"austria","iso_code":"AT"},{"name":"China","alias":"china","iso_code":"CN"},{"name":"Cyprus","alias":"cyprus","iso_code":"CY"},{"name":"Germany","alias":"germany","iso_code":"DE"},{"name":"Greece","alias":"greece","iso_code":"GR"},{"name":"India","alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},{"name":"Israel","alias":"israel","iso_code":"IL"},{"name":"Italy","alias":"italy","iso_code":"IT"},{"name":"Lithuania","alias":"lithuania","iso_code":"LT"},{"name":"Poland","alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},{"name":"Republic of Korea","alias":"republic-of-korea","iso_code":"KR"},{"name":"Spain","alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},{"name":"Switzerland","alias":"switzerland","iso_code":"CH"},{"name":"Thailand","alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},{"name":"Turkey","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},{"name":"Ukraine","alias":"ukraine","iso_code":"UA"},{"name":"United States of America","alias":"united-states","iso_code":"US"}],"cities":[{"name":"Gdansk","alias":"gdansk"}],"illnesses":[{"name":"Leukoplakia of the bladder","alias":"leukoplakia-of-the-bladder"}]},"popularSearches":[{"name":"Circumcision","alias":"circumcision","type":"operation","id":824},{"name":"Vasectomy","alias":"vasectomy","type":"operation","id":891},{"name":"Peniflex","alias":"peniflex","type":"operation","id":1363},{"name":"Nephrectomy","alias":"nephrectomy","type":"operation","id":121},{"name":"Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT)","alias":"bioidentical-hormone-replacement-therapy-bhrt","type":"operation","id":1008},{"name":"Consultation with a urologist","alias":"urologist-consultation","type":"diagnostic","id":48},{"name":" Basic check-up","alias":"basic-check-up","type":"diagnostic","id":420},{"name":"Male Check-up","alias":"check-up-for-men","type":"diagnostic","id":417},{"name":"Consultation with creation of treatment plan ","alias":"consultation-with-creation-of-treatment-plan","type":"diagnostic","id":457},{"name":"Premium Check up","alias":"premium-check-up","type":"diagnostic","id":421},{"name":"Varicocele","alias":"varicocele","type":"illness","id":62},{"name":"Peyronie's disease","alias":"peyronie-s-disease","type":"illness","id":1165},{"name":"Prostatitis","alias":"prostatitis","type":"illness","id":16},{"name":"Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence)","alias":"erectile-dysfunction-impotence","type":"illness","id":3534},{"name":"Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)","alias":"bph","type":"illness","id":108}],"operationPrices":{"operation_prices":{},"diagnostic_prices":{"48":{"diagnostic":{"name":"Consultation with a urologist","alias":"urologist-consultation"},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":300,"max_amount":500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":80,"max_amount":250,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":19,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":45,"max_amount":160,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":6,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"PL":{"amount":80,"max_amount":120,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":2,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":140,"max_amount":330,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":220,"max_amount":270,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":5,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}}}}},"videoReviews":[{"id":"20ce7228-9507-474a-920a-52c420145925","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1031183933?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"I combined my vacation in Antalya with a check-up.","userName":"Dayana","user_name":"Dayana","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1951869155-cc5953653c6f3fdc1a482e7ff45640465899941031f7f430f49f353b618a4ace-d?mw=1000&mh=1778&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T07:58:27.635+00:00","clinicName":"Memorial Antalya Hospital","clinic":{"name":"Memorial Antalya Hospital","alias":"memorial-antalya-hospital"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/memorial-antalya-hospital/","relations":{"diagnostics":[{"name":"Female check-up","alias":"check-up-for-women"},{"name":"Hearing check-up","alias":"hearing-survey"}]}},{"id":"0d843a77-508d-4506-9950-8353b50e4086","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1004433703?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"It was great! Transfers, accommodation, treatment—all included.","userName":"Igor","user_name":"Igor","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1920970384-d98a1858eee0afdea9fb4b88e2c27c1bf2fd75f293cc35249343d2d371e4bb52-d?mw=800&mh=1418&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:20:09.093+00:00","clinicName":"WestDent Clinic","clinic":{"name":"WestDent Clinic","alias":"westdent-clinic"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/westdent-clinic/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Dental Implant","alias":"dental-implant"},{"name":"Installation of a dental implant with crown","alias":"installation-of-a-dental-implant-with-crown"}]}},{"id":"267c5e6d-746b-494d-9dad-0b0bacc7e0c4","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1003598025","description":"Bookimed did everything for me. I didn't have to worry about anything.","userName":"Marina","user_name":"Marina","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1920033876-ade65ad191fc8cdbaffa3a5f5e7f52101a1d20c803cdd8fa7dedf1e5d8ecbb78-d?mw=800&mh=1418&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:03:16.951+00:00","clinicName":"Severance Hospital","clinic":{"name":"Severance Hospital","alias":"severance-hospital"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/severance-hospital/","relations":{"diagnostics":[{"name":"Female check-up","alias":"check-up-for-women"},{"name":"Check up for women over 40","alias":"check-up-for-women-over-40"}]}},{"id":"ac41621c-4ed9-4dac-b13b-c2887c544996","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1004504880?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"I have fulfilled my dream. Finally, I won't cry about my hair anymore.","userName":"Oksana","user_name":"Oksana","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1921052463-9441b899d97f025bdf15ea4444c6bad76896438435507f931f9dbade65aa9fd2-d?mw=800&mh=1418&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:05:42.652+00:00","clinicName":"Dr. MED ","clinic":{"name":"Dr. MED ","alias":"doctor-med"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/doctor-med/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Hair transplant","alias":"hair-transplant"},{"name":"FUE hair transplant","alias":"fue-hair-transplant"}]}},{"id":"8ef8b334-e1a3-4147-974d-fd5996d54d0b","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1006239156?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"Just 4 days in Turkey, and I'm already home with a new hair.","userName":"Roman","user_name":"Roman","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1946681900-5faead53777958026fa135874e48fd674bf30c103469d0c4a733df42989f1b73-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:07:34.434+00:00","clinicName":"Hair Clinic","clinic":{"name":"Hair Clinic","alias":"hair-clinic"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/hair-clinic/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Hair transplant","alias":"hair-transplant"},{"name":"Organic hair transplantation","alias":"organic-hair-transplantation"}]}},{"id":"53074d0e-9c37-4b1f-86a1-a168d8a910a7","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1004438748?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"Bookimed made this medical trip a breeze.","userName":"Jamie","user_name":"Jamie","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1920976253-73e5c27c2f0cb21175de7829a9ba81f50e09c7dac0961f61876317387430849f-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:08:20.298+00:00","clinicName":"Bangkok Plastic Surgery","clinic":{"name":"Bangkok Plastic Surgery","alias":"bangkok-plastic-surgery"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/bangkok-plastic-surgery/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Sex reassignment surgery","alias":"sex-reassignment-surgery"},{"name":"Male to female (MTF) surgery","alias":"male-to-female-mtf-surgery"}]}},{"id":"c7d1c1b8-6341-4f6e-ba0a-cb27f3eee995","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1004481280?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"Who knew getting your teeth fixed could be a mini vacation?","userName":"David","user_name":"David","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1923189492-b7baecdf68e7f0e3c6e354b53b54e23f3f4886e5644ca3aa7b862c88a4cf9d14-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:08:58.351+00:00","clinicName":"Evergreen Dental","clinic":{"name":"Evergreen Dental","alias":"evergreen-dental"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/evergreen-dental/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Installation of a dental implant with crown","alias":"installation-of-a-dental-implant-with-crown"},{"name":"Dental Implant","alias":"dental-implant"}]}},{"id":"0c8fcbc4-4296-4057-aa8f-74e222cdb7c5","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1026539266?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"Bookimed hooked me up with a really good clinic. I saved a ton of cash.","userName":"Dmitrii","user_name":"Dmitrii","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1946681311-7931e204080192bf6f0e15c5880d649b39f108250f0e2a3c68b75e38b391dabc-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:09:41.145+00:00","clinicName":"Adem and Havva Medical Center ","clinic":{"name":"Adem and Havva Medical Center ","alias":"adameve-medical-center"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/adameve-medical-center/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Beard transplant","alias":"beard-transplantation"},{"name":"Moustache transplantation","alias":"moustache-transplantation"}]}},{"id":"cbbb42a3-8ef0-4a4f-a405-1968169d4e95","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1026546360?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"Premium clinic, top-notch transfer, a sweet hotel stay. And I saved 24 grand!","userName":"Skye","user_name":"Skye","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1946680814-5c9b338ab87f9d49038398fab9516911ac6f420e5a0e789a3c5812611492ca2f-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-03-07T08:11:07.933+00:00","clinicName":"B.Care Medical Center","clinic":{"name":"B.Care Medical Center","alias":"bcare-medical-center"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/bcare-medical-center/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Liposuction","alias":"liposuction"},{"name":"Vaser liposuction","alias":"vaser-liposuction"}]}},{"id":"66db369b-898d-4857-8a31-2d7238123818","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1026547435?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"I feel like the happiest person in the world, thanks to Bookimed.","userName":"Anne","user_name":"Anne","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/1946352301-12527dd71ce1cc426d2fd3b3915e67c33264dc31bd32876840c1d2bc23ed353e-d?mw=500&mh=886&q=70","updated_at":"2025-06-03T11:31:37.201+00:00","clinicName":"Aktif International Hospitals","clinic":{"name":"Aktif International Hospitals","alias":"aktif-international-hospitals"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/aktif-international-hospitals/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Facelift","alias":"tightening-of-facial-skin-facelift"},{"name":"Mini Facelift","alias":"mini-facelift"}]}}],"hasVideoReviewsByContext":false,"externalReviews":[{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f8fb","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f900","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f902","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f903","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f904","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f905","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f906","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f907","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f908","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f909","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90a","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90b","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90c","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90d","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90e","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f90f","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f911","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f913","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f915","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f916","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f917","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f918","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f919","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f91c","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f920","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"5e78c07d321b9c3f5090f94c","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"68a9ffbec59afc395e074365","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"68a9ffc9c59afc395e074366","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"68a9ffcb72438f63aa02c741","source":"google","clinic_id":60},{"id":"68a9ffd1204c9f5af3054b06","source":"google","clinic_id":60}],"updatedAt":"2026-11-14T16:00:23.000Z","activeCountries":["PL","TR","AT","ES","TH"],"direction":{"id":16,"name":"Urology","alias":"urology","name_forms":{"base_form":"Urology","form_4":"urologist","form_6":"urologists","form_11":"urologists"}},"illness_kind":{"id":16,"name":{"en":"Urology"}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=poland/illness=lejkoplakiya-mochevogo-puzurya/"}],"offerFilters":{"offer_count":0,"price_filter":{"from":0,"to":0,"avg":0}},"rendersOffersList":false,"fewClinics":true,"topCountriesCount":0}