{"meta":{"humanUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/city=barcelona/illness=cavernoma/","canonicalUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/city=barcelona/illness=cavernoma/","jsonUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/city=barcelona/illness=cavernoma/data.json","title":"Cavernoma Treatment in Barcelona 2026: Clinics, Costs & Reviews","description":"Compare verified Cavernoma treatment clinics in Barcelona by price, doctors & patient reviews. Get your free quote!","heading":"Cavernoma treatment in Barcelona — get 3 personalized clinic matches","locale":"en","schemaVersion":"ClinicListingPageDataV1","snapshotId":"1d7f89ad-0f30b890","contentVersion":"1d7f89ad","generatedAt":"2026-11-14T15:56:54.770Z"},"filters":{"country":"spain","city":"barcelona","illness":"cavernoma","page":1},"pagination":{"page":1,"totalCount":5,"totalPages":1},"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Home","url":"/"},{"name":"Clinics","url":"/clinics/"},{"name":"Spain","url":"/clinics/country=spain/"},{"name":"Barcelona","url":"/clinics/country=spain/city=barcelona/"},{"name":"Cavernoma","url":"/clinics/country=spain/illness=cavernoma/"}],"entities":[{"name":"Spain","alias":"spain","type":"country","id":34},{"name":"Barcelona","alias":"barcelona","type":"city","id":98},{"name":"Cavernoma","alias":"cavernoma","type":"illness","id":517}],"clinics":{"clinics":[{"text":"<p>Dr. Bartolomé Oliver has 49 years of experience and over 1,100 cavernoma surgeries. The JCI-accredited clinic offers stereotactic radiosurgery with the Novalis system. Diagnostics may start from $120 for blood tests, with a complete package around $1,760. Minimally invasive microsurgical craniotomy runs $29,400–40,000, which covers the procedure, hospital stay, and anesthesia.</p>","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Gamma Knife, craniotomy, microsurgical operations, minimally invasive brain surgery","good_fit_for":"Complex brain vascular abnormalities","why_its_ranked":"Offers Gamma Knife radiosurgery and microsurgical techniques for cavernomas. Team includes Dr. Bartolome Oliver with 900+ procedures. JCI-accredited facility with advanced neurosurgical technologies."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":13460,"price_to":20190,"currency":"USD","id":11455},"operation":{"id":112,"name":"Gamma Knife","alias":"gamma-knife"}},{"prices":{"price_from":680,"price_to":910,"currency":"USD","id":60016},"diagnostic":{"id":287,"name":"Brain MRI with contrast","alias":"mri-of-the-brain-with-contrast-medium"}},{"prices":{"price_from":110,"price_to":110,"currency":"USD","id":60635},"diagnostic":{"id":42,"name":"Consultation with a neurosurgeon","alias":"consultation-neurosurgeon"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"<p><strong>Centro Médico Teknon</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"<p>SJD Barcelona pioneered the first pediatric thermal laser ablation in Spain. The clinic uses a robotic arm and intraoperative MRI to destroy deep lesions with high precision. This minimally invasive approach helps children recover faster. A Brain SPECT diagnostic typically costs around $1,800–$3,000. Treatment involves laser interstitial thermal therapy with a hospital stay of up to 15 days. As a leading European pediatric center with over 150 years of history, the hospital holds CSUR and European Reference Networks accreditations.</p>","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"why_its_ranked":"Pioneered the first pediatric thermal laser ablation in Spain, using a robotic arm with intraoperative MRI to precisely target deep brain lesions. Multidisciplinary team of over 15 professionals."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"1"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":272,"alias":"sant-joan-de-déu-–-barcelona-children’s-hospital","name":"SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/272-6ac3a2ac80dbd.png","short_description":"<p>SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital ranks among Europe's top three medical institutions. It has provided care since 1867 and treats patients from infancy through 18. Core specialties include pediatric oncology, cardiology, neurology, and orthopedics.</p> <ul> <li>Survival rate for acute lymphoblastic leukemia reaches 94%.</li> <li>Bone marrow transplant survival rates: 90–100% for related donors, 70–80% for unrelated.</li> <li>Cardiology center performs over 300 surgeries yearly with high success and low mortality.</li> <li>Uses intra-arterial chemotherapy for retinoblastoma and anti-GD2 immunotherapy for neuroblastoma.</li> <li>HEPA-filtered rooms protect patients after bone marrow transplants.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c6186e4e289f","title":"Spacious waiting area at SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital with modern design"},{"base_url":"clinic/64c909345a308","title":"SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital exterior with colorful modern facade"},{"base_url":"clinic/64c909b816e22","title":"Children's slide and escalator at SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital interior"},{"base_url":"clinic/67b83b657382d","title":"Medical staff transporting patient in corridor at SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Passeig de Sant Joan de Déu, 2, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":4.1,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":95},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":44,"doctors_number":800,"year_foundation":1867},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb723280c87.jpeg","name":"Bookimed Award: Best pediatric hospital","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6361000490242.jpeg","name":"World's Best Specialized Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"1"}]}},{"text":"<p>Hospital Quiron Barcelona specializes in advanced neurosurgical care for cavernoma, featuring state-of-the-art technology like PET-CT and MRI for precise diagnostics. Dr. Francesc Graus, a neurologist with expertise in neuro-oncology and paraneoplastic syndromes, leads the team with over _doctor_3382_years_ of experience. He established diagnostic criteria for paraneoplastic syndromes and identified key antibodies used in neurological diagnostics. The hospital offers personalized care with 23 operating rooms and dedicated international patient services.</p><doctor id=\"3382\"></doctor>","text_type":"mt_wow_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":279,"alias":"hospital-quiron-barcelona","name":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona","short_description":"<p>Quiron Barcelona Hospital is a top clinic in Spain, known for its advanced oncology care through the Baselga Institute of Oncology, which collaborates with leading American centers. With 23 operating rooms and cutting-edge technology like PET-CT and MRI, it offers precise and effective treatments, including robotized surgeries and assisted reproduction.</p>\n\n<p>The hospital provides personalized care for international patients, with 165 wards, suites, and royal apartments. Services include tailored treatment plans, WiFi, airport transfers, and nearby hotel accommodations, making it a preferred choice for high-quality medical care.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5b040bd627256","title":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona modern clinic building exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf40de89","title":"Operating room with advanced imaging equipment at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf51721a","title":"Spacious waiting area at Hospital Quiron Barcelona with modern seating and natural light"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf5d0e1c","title":"Modern hospital corridor with elevators at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Plaça d'Alfonso Comín, 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.4,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":66},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":300,"year_foundation":1997},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"<p>HM Nou Delfos offers specialized care for cavernoma treatment with an expert epilepsy department led by Dr. Rodrigo Rocamora, who completed his PhD at Bonn University and trained at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. The clinic is equipped with advanced MRI and CT imaging. It collaborates with Institut Guttmann for neurorehabilitation, accredited by JCI and ISO certifications.</p><doctor id=\"2238\"></doctor>","text_type":"mt_wow_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":422,"alias":"hospital-hm-delfos","name":"Hospital HM Nou Delfos","short_description":"<p>Hospital HM Nou Delfos is part of HM Hospitals, the largest private hospital network in Spain. This comprehensive medical-surgical center in Barcelona specializes in surgery, oncology, orthopedics, and cardiology. It holds EFQM excellence recognition and TÜV NORD ISO 9001 certification.</p> <ul> <li>Treats 400,000 patients per year across 40 departments and 200 physicians.</li> <li>Uses an EOS imaging system for high-precision musculoskeletal scans and two radiotherapy units.</li> <li>Has an agreement with Institut Guttmann, a JCI-accredited neurorehabilitation hospital.</li> <li>Offers specialized diagnosis and treatment for epilepsy through its neurology department.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/61792839585ce","title":"Hospital HM Nou Delfos clinic exterior in Barcelona, modern medical facility entrance"},{"base_url":"clinic/6409ccb4c0348","title":"Reception desk at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, modern medical facility in Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/6179278ad430b","title":"Patient room with lounge area at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/61793493253c9","title":"Intensive care unit at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, Barcelona with advanced medical equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Av. Vallcarca 151, 08023 Barselona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":3.2,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":98},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":5,"doctors_number":200,"year_foundation":1966},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb725522d15.jpeg","name":"Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT","country_code":"DE"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"<p>Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona uses 3D MRI/CT neuronavigation to guide cavernoma surgery. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring records nervous-system activity in real time, alongside microsurgery for delicate brain areas. The clinic’s network spans Teknon Medical Center and three other Barcelona clinics. Surgery may be considered for repeated hemorrhages, difficult-to-control seizures, or progressive neurological deficits. MRI and CT are available for surgical planning, but prices are not listed.</p>","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Surgery for cerebral vascular malformations, neuronavigation-guided surgery, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring","good_fit_for":"Repeated bleeds or hard-to-control seizures","why_its_ranked":"Neuronavigation-guided 3D MRI/CT planning and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring enable millimetric precision during complete cavernoma resection. Surgeon trained at UCSF and Vall d'Hebron."},"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":9673,"alias":"neuroclinica-quirurgica-barcelona","name":"Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona","short_description":"<p>Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona is a neurosurgery and spine center in Barcelona, Spain. The team treats complex brain and spine conditions. Their flagship service is Vertebral Body Tethering for younger scoliosis patients. This technique corrects spinal curvature without fusing the spine. An elastic cord and anchors keep the spine mobile. The clinic also specializes in cranial endoscopic surgery for tumors and hydrocephalus.</p><p>The medical team includes four neurosurgeons led by Dr. Roberto Lastra García. Dr. Fabián Enrique Romero Chala trained at UCSF Medical Center in the USA. The clinic operates through affiliated Barcelona hospitals like Teknon Medical Center. Guided surgery uses 3D neuronavigation and real-time neurophysiological monitoring. This gives millimetric accuracy during delicate operations. The center is recognized by the Top Doctors platform.</p>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6ae32909d5cc9","title":"Exterior view of Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona modern clinic building"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3290b65d4a","title":"Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona exterior building in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3290cde962","title":"Clinic facade of Clínica Corachan in Barcelona, modern medical facility entrance"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3290e83bb8","title":"Neurosurgery equipment at Neuroclínica Quirúrgica Barcelona with brain scan monitor"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de la Marquesa de Vilallonga, 12, Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, 08017 Barcelona"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":1,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":4},"accreditations":[]}}],"meta":{"total_count":5,"total_pages":1}},"clinicsMeta":{"total_count":5,"total_pages":1},"clinicsCount":5,"clinicsCountByEntity":{"clinic_count":90},"doctors":{"doctors":[{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Oliver is a European leader with _doctor_255_years_' experience and 1100+ neurosurgical procedures, co-directing his own Brain Tumor Center at Centro Médico Teknon.</p><ul><li>Specialist in minimally invasive and robotic-assisted brain surgery techniques</li><li>Fellowship training in world-renowned centers like the Montreal Neurological Institute</li><li>Performs fluorescence-guided surgery for precise tumor removal</li><li>President of the prestigious European Skull Base Society</li><li>Author of over 150 scientific publications on neurosurgery</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":255,"alias":"bartolome-oliver-md-phd","name":"Bartolome Oliver","clinic_id":78,"photo":"doctor/5acf603442df8","first_year_working":1976,"created_at":"2016-07-04T10:39:13.000+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Bartolome Oliver is a neurosurgeon at Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona. He performs over 200 surgeries annually, specializing in brain tumors and epilepsy. Dr. Oliver trained in Sweden, Switzerland, Canada, and the USA. He pioneered robotic spine surgery using the Mazor Robotics system in Southern Europe.</p> <ul> <li>Former President of the European Skull Base Society.</li> <li>Authored over 150 scientific publications and 350 conference reports.</li> <li>Treats Parkinson’s disease, trigeminal neuralgia, and complex spine disorders.</li> <li>Works at JCI-accredited Centro Médico Teknon, a preferred choice for notable athletes.</li> </ul>","specialities":[{"id":"nrs.001","name":"Neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":2},{"id":"nrs.004","name":"Spine neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":55},{"id":"onc.004","name":"Neurooncologist","illness_kind_id":10},{"id":"ped.007","name":"Pediatric neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":63}],"statistics":{"review_count":17,"review_score":4,"operations_performed_count":280,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/659c5ad849a65.jpeg","name":"Congress of Neurological Surgeons"},{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/659c5ae0aa8f5.jpeg","name":"International Society for Advancement of Spine Surgery"}]},"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"<p><strong>Centro Médico Teknon</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":13460,"price_to":20190,"currency":"USD","id":11455},"operation":{"id":112,"name":"Gamma Knife","alias":"gamma-knife"}}]},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Javier Herrero Jover is a pioneer in virtual surgical planning, using 3D simulation for precise and personalized procedures at Centro Médico Teknon.</p><ul><li>_doctor_1728_years_ of experience in plastic and reconstructive surgery</li><li>Founder of Alma IT Systems, developing innovative surgical planning technology</li><li>Leader of the Herrero Jover Médicos Unit at Centro Médico Teknon</li><li>Author of 150+ publications and speaker at 350+ international congresses</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":1728,"alias":"javier-herrero-juve","name":"Javier Herrero Jover","clinic_id":78,"photo":"doctor/5c8fc53d7c103","first_year_working":1980,"created_at":"2019-03-18T15:52:43.000+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Javier Herrero Jover is a board-certified plastic surgeon at Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona. He is a pioneer in virtual surgical planning and uses 3D simulation for precise results. Dr. Herrero Jover founded Alma IT Systems to develop patient-specific medical imaging software. He has performed over 10,000 surgical procedures throughout his career.</p> <ul> <li>Specializes in primary and revision rhinoplasty, facial rejuvenation, and breast surgery.</li> <li>Introduced 3D visualization technology for enhanced accuracy in plastic and reconstructive procedures.</li> <li>Serves as the President of the Mediterranean Institute of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery.</li> <li>Authored over 150 scientific publications and presented at 350+ international congresses.</li> </ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":3,"review_score":4,"operations_performed_count":10000,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"<p><strong>Centro Médico Teknon</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"images":[{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/67ea4379c6527.jpeg","seo_alt":"Facelift before and after results at Centro Médico Teknon, visible neck and jawline lift"},{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/67b47c4296017.jpeg","seo_alt":"Before and after rhinoplasty results at Centro Médico Teknon, nose reshaping for natural look"},{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/67e5109e2bd70.jpeg","seo_alt":"Facelift before and after results at Centro Médico Teknon, visible facial rejuvenation"},{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/67e5109e1b9c0.jpeg","seo_alt":"Facelift before and after results at Centro Médico Teknon, visible facial rejuvenation"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":13460,"price_to":20190,"currency":"USD","id":11455},"operation":{"id":112,"name":"Gamma Knife","alias":"gamma-knife"}}]},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Conesa is an expert in high-risk brain surgeries, having directed the neurosurgery department at Hospital del Mar and now leading the Institute of Neurosurgery at Teknon.</p><ul><li>Over _doctor_1711_years_ of neurosurgical experience</li><li>Specializes in surgery for brain tumors in highly functional areas</li><li>Extensive work in vascular neurosurgery and epilepsy treatment</li><li>Completed advanced international fellowships in the USA</li><li>Active member of major European neurosurgical societies</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":1711,"alias":"gerardo-conesa-bertran","name":"Gerardo Conesa Bertran","clinic_id":78,"photo":"doctor/60b605d629abb","first_year_working":1985,"created_at":"2019-02-12T16:27:09.000+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Gerardo Conesa Bertran directs the Institute of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology at Teknon Medical Centre. He is a specialist in brain stem surgery and operations in highly functional brain areas. Dr. Conesa performs complex procedures for brain tumors, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. He holds a medical degree and doctorate with honors from the University of Barcelona.</p> <ul> <li>Completed a five-year training cycle with the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies.</li> <li>Former Ambassador for Spain to the Walter Dandy Neurosurgical Society.</li> <li>Served as the Director of Neurosurgery at Hospital del Mar for over ten years.</li> <li>Develops augmented reality platforms for planning and performing complex brain surgeries.</li> </ul>","specialities":[{"id":"nrs.001","name":"Neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":2},{"id":"nrs.004","name":"Spine neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":55},{"id":"nrs.005","name":"Stereotactic and functional neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":2},{"id":"nrs.006","name":"Vascular neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":2}],"statistics":{"review_count":3,"review_score":5,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/659c5d48c6be7.jpeg","name":"European Association of Neurosurgical Societies"}]},"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"<p><strong>Centro Médico Teknon</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":13460,"price_to":20190,"currency":"USD","id":11455},"operation":{"id":112,"name":"Gamma Knife","alias":"gamma-knife"}}]},{"doctor":{"id":11679,"alias":"nnamdi-elenwoke","name":"Nnamdi Elenwoke","clinic_id":78,"photo":"doctor/69d8dba7c0a05","first_year_working":2007,"created_at":"2026-04-10T11:14:46.791+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Nnamdi Elenwoke is a neurosurgeon at Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona. He specializes in minimally invasive and functional neurosurgery. He has unique expertise in Arnold–Chiari malformation and syringomyelia. Dr. Elenwoke completed advanced endoscopic skull base training at Emory University. He also held a clinical fellowship at the National Hospital for Neurology in London.</p><ul><li>Member of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS).</li><li>Performs robotic-assisted neurosurgery and endoscopic skull base procedures.</li><li>Treats complex conditions like brain tumors, spinal stenosis, and hydrocephalus.</li><li>Works at JCI-accredited Centro Médico Teknon, a Newsweek-ranked top hospital.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"nrs.001","name":"Neurosurgeon","illness_kind_id":2}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"<p><strong>Centro Médico Teknon</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":13460,"price_to":20190,"currency":"USD","id":11455},"operation":{"id":112,"name":"Gamma Knife","alias":"gamma-knife"}}]},{"doctor":{"id":3382,"alias":"francesc-graus","name":"Francesc Graus","clinic_id":279,"photo":"doctor/61ae147ca73b6","first_year_working":1982,"created_at":"2021-12-06T13:47:39.000+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Francesc Graus is a neuro-oncologist at Hospital Quiron Barcelona. He founded the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO). Dr. Graus identified the antibodies now used globally to diagnose autoimmune neurological dysfunctions. He completed a neuro-oncology fellowship at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York.</p> <ul> <li>Former President of the European Association of Neuro-Oncology.</li> <li>Served as Chief of Neurology at Hospital Clinic Barcelona.</li> <li>Treats brain tumors including gliomas, glioblastomas, and primary brain lymphomas.</li> <li>Holds a Doctor Honoris Causa from Lyon University.</li> </ul>","specialities":[{"id":"onc.001","name":"Clinical oncologist","illness_kind_id":10},{"id":"onc.004","name":"Neurooncologist","illness_kind_id":10}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/659c7a902afa9.jpeg","name":"European Association of Neuro-Oncology"}]},"clinic":{"id":279,"alias":"hospital-quiron-barcelona","name":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona","short_description":"<p>Quiron Barcelona Hospital is a top clinic in Spain, known for its advanced oncology care through the Baselga Institute of Oncology, which collaborates with leading American centers. With 23 operating rooms and cutting-edge technology like PET-CT and MRI, it offers precise and effective treatments, including robotized surgeries and assisted reproduction.</p>\n\n<p>The hospital provides personalized care for international patients, with 165 wards, suites, and royal apartments. Services include tailored treatment plans, WiFi, airport transfers, and nearby hotel accommodations, making it a preferred choice for high-quality medical care.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5b040bd627256","title":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona modern clinic building exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf40de89","title":"Operating room with advanced imaging equipment at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf51721a","title":"Spacious waiting area at Hospital Quiron Barcelona with modern seating and natural light"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf5d0e1c","title":"Modern hospital corridor with elevators at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Plaça d'Alfonso Comín, 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.4,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":66},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":300,"year_foundation":1997},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":2238,"alias":"rodrigo-rocamora","name":"Rodrigo Rocamora ","clinic_id":422,"photo":"doctor/6037cb62da469","first_year_working":1995,"created_at":"2021-02-25T16:08:01.000+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Rodrigo Rocamora is a neurologist who leads the epilepsy department at Hospital HM Nou Delfos. In 2019, he headed the team performing Spain's first laser interstitial thermal therapy for epilepsy. He focuses on drug-resistant epilepsy, sleep relations, and complex neurological syndromes. Dr. Rocamora is a professor at UPF University and a PhD graduate from Bonn University.</p> <ul> <li>He treats drug-resistant epilepsy using surgical and medical methodologies.</li> <li>Dr. Rocamora is a member of the European Reference Network (EPI-Care).</li> <li>He serves as a specialist in the CSUR network for complex epilepsy cases.</li> <li>The doctor has published research on cognitive impairments in Alzheimer patients.</li> </ul>","specialities":[{"id":"nrl.001","name":"Neurologist","illness_kind_id":7},{"id":"nrl.003","name":"Epileptologist","illness_kind_id":7}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/659c90dd06585.jpeg","name":"European reference network"}]},"clinic":{"id":422,"alias":"hospital-hm-delfos","name":"Hospital HM Nou Delfos","short_description":"<p>Hospital HM Nou Delfos is part of HM Hospitals, the largest private hospital network in Spain. This comprehensive medical-surgical center in Barcelona specializes in surgery, oncology, orthopedics, and cardiology. It holds EFQM excellence recognition and TÜV NORD ISO 9001 certification.</p> <ul> <li>Treats 400,000 patients per year across 40 departments and 200 physicians.</li> <li>Uses an EOS imaging system for high-precision musculoskeletal scans and two radiotherapy units.</li> <li>Has an agreement with Institut Guttmann, a JCI-accredited neurorehabilitation hospital.</li> <li>Offers specialized diagnosis and treatment for epilepsy through its neurology department.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/61792839585ce","title":"Hospital HM Nou Delfos clinic exterior in Barcelona, modern medical facility entrance"},{"base_url":"clinic/6409ccb4c0348","title":"Reception desk at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, modern medical facility in Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/6179278ad430b","title":"Patient room with lounge area at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/61793493253c9","title":"Intensive care unit at Hospital HM Nou Delfos, Barcelona with advanced medical equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Av. Vallcarca 151, 08023 Barselona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":3.2,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":98},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":5,"doctors_number":200,"year_foundation":1966},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb725522d15.jpeg","name":"Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT","country_code":"DE"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":4,"total_pages":1}},"reviews":{"reviews":[],"meta":{"total_count":0,"total_pages":1}},"offers":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}},"listingTexts":{"entity_texts":{},"texts":{"guide_mc":{"text":"<p>Arrival</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Arriving in the country and transferred to your hotel/clinic.</li>\n<li>Completing necessary paperwork and medical history.</li>\n<li>Preparing for your clinic stay.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Diagnostics</p>\n<ul>\n<li>MRI scans used to locate and measure the cavernoma.</li>\n<li>Angiogram provides detailed images of blood vessels.</li>\n<li>Neurological examination to assess nervous system and brain function.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Treatment plan development</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Consultation with neurosurgeon to discuss diagnostic results.</li>\n<li>Development of a personalized treatment plan.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Treatment</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Surgical removal of cavernoma under general anesthesia.</li>\n<li>Radiosurgery, a non-invasive alternative, if surgery isn\"t an option.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Follow-up</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Post-operative MRI scans to confirm success of treatment.</li>\n<li>Regular consultations to monitor for possible complications.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Rehabilitation</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Physical therapy may be required to regain strength and coordination.</li>\n<li>Occupational therapy to help with daily activities and independence.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><i>Please note that only a qualified doctor can determine the appropriate diagnostic and treatment plan. Each case of cavernoma is unique and may require different approaches. In some cases, watchful waiting may be recommended instead of immediate treatment if the cavernoma isn\"t causing symptoms.</i></p>"}}},"relations":{"countries":[{"name":"Azerbaijan","alias":"azerbaijan","iso_code":"AZ"},{"name":"Germany","alias":"germany","iso_code":"DE"},{"name":"Greece","alias":"greece","iso_code":"GR"},{"name":"India","alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},{"name":"Israel","alias":"israel","iso_code":"IL"},{"name":"Italy","alias":"italy","iso_code":"IT"},{"name":"Mexico","alias":"mexico","iso_code":"MX"},{"name":"Republic of Korea","alias":"republic-of-korea","iso_code":"KR"},{"name":"Spain","alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},{"name":"Switzerland","alias":"switzerland","iso_code":"CH"},{"name":"Thailand","alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},{"name":"Turkey","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},{"name":"Ukraine","alias":"ukraine","iso_code":"UA"}],"cities":[{"name":"Barcelona","alias":"barcelona"},{"name":"Madrid","alias":"madrid"}],"operations":[{"name":"Scoliosis surgery","alias":"scoliosis-surgery"},{"name":"Hydrocephalus surgeries, shunt surgeries","alias":"hydrocephalus-surgeries-shunt-surgeries"},{"name":"Trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy (adenomectomy)","alias":"trans-sphenoidal-hypophysectomy-adenomectomy"},{"name":"Discectomy","alias":"removal-of-lumbar-disc-discectomy"},{"name":"Multiple subpial transections","alias":"multiple-subpial-transections"},{"name":"Stereotaxic surgeries","alias":"stereotaxic-surgeries"},{"name":"Removal of meningioma","alias":"removal-of-meningioma"},{"name":"Endoscopic discectomy","alias":"endoscopic-discectomy"},{"name":"Brain tumor removal","alias":"removal-of-the-brain-tumor"},{"name":"Removal of spinal cord tumor","alias":"removal-of-spinal-cord-tumor"},{"name":"Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery","alias":"deep-brain-stimulation"},{"name":"Craniotomy","alias":"craniotomy"},{"name":"Transnasal resection of tumor","alias":"transnasal-resection-of-tumor"},{"name":"Laminectomy","alias":"laminectomy"},{"name":"Surgical treatment of epilepsy","alias":"surgical-treatment-of-epilepsy"},{"name":"Medication treatment for Parkinson's disease","alias":"medication-treatment-for-parkinsons-disease"},{"name":"Medication treatment for multiple sclerosis","alias":"medicational-treatment-for-multiple-sclerosis"},{"name":"Surgical treatment of radiculopathy","alias":"surgical-treatment-of-radiculopathy"},{"name":"Herniated disc surgery","alias":"removal-of-herniated-disc-discectomy-and-cage-fusion"},{"name":"Pituitary tumor surgery","alias":"pituitary-tumor-surgery"},{"name":"Brain tumor surgery","alias":"brain-tumor-surgery"},{"name":"Surgical removal  of the brain cyst ","alias":"surgical-removal-of-the-brain-cyst"},{"name":"Surgery for syringomyelia","alias":"surgery-for-syringomyelia"},{"name":"High intensity focused ultrasound ablation 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