Dr. Guillermo Luis Bassols has _doctor_4638_years_ of experience in gynecologic oncology and breast surgery, serving as President of the European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy. Mastectomy at Centro Médico Teknon may cost around 13,000–35,280 USD, typically covering surgery, hospital stay, and follow-up care. The JCI-accredited hospital is part of Quirónsalud Group and listed among World's Best Hospitals by Newsweek.
Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Dr. Joan Albanell Mestres leads the breast cancer program at HM Delfos, with 120 published articles and over 9,000 citations in oncology research. He trained at Memorial Sloan Kettering and directs cancer research at Del Mar. Mastectomy typically costs around $6,800–$8,700. The clinic is part of HM Hospitals, Spain's largest medical network, and operates advanced oncology diagnostics with CT and MRI units.
Hospital HM Nou Delfos is part of HM Hospitals, the largest private hospital network in Spain. This comprehensive medical-surgical center in Barcelona specializes in surgery, oncology, orthopedics, and cardiology. It holds EFQM excellence recognition and TÜV NORD ISO 9001 certification.
Dr. Javier Cortés Castán, MD, PhD, is a medical oncologist. He is the Director and Founder of the International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC) at Centro Médico Teknon (Quironsalud) in Barcelona. He has 25+ years of practice. He specializes in HER2‑positive and triple‑negative breast cancer. Expertscape ranks him #1 worldwide in HER2+.
\nHe has authored 550+ publications and given 800+ presentations. He leads 150+ active clinical trials. His work helped enable 12 metastatic breast cancer treatments approved in Europe. He was a key leader in KEYNOTE‑522, KEYNOTE‑355, and DESTINY‑Breast03. He is the only Spanish oncologist with two papers in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. He is a 2026 Giants of Cancer Care honoree. IBCC provides advanced care and access to trials. Centro Médico Teknon is JCI‑accredited.
","specialities":[{"id":"onc.001","name":"Clinical oncologist","illness_kind_id":10},{"id":"onc.002","name":"Gynecologic oncologist","illness_kind_id":10}],"statistics":{}},"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":14500,"price_to":21000,"currency":"USD","id":35451},"operation":{"id":9,"name":"Mastectomy","alias":"mastectomy"}}]},{"doctor":{"id":4638,"alias":"guillermo-luis-bassols","name":"Guillermo Luis Bassols","clinic_id":78,"photo":"doctor/630f768c75653","first_year_working":1987,"created_at":"2022-08-31T14:56:11.211+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Guillermo Luis Bassols is a specialist in obstetrics, gynecology, and gynecologic oncology. He is a member of the medical staff at Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona. Dr. Bassols holds a European Certificate in Endoscopic Surgery in Gynecology from the University of Clermont-Ferrand I. He trained at the prestigious Institut Universitari Dexeus.
Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":3258,"alias":"joan-albanell-mestres","name":"Joan Albanell Mestres","clinic_id":422,"photo":"doctor/617a40f0c388e","first_year_working":1989,"created_at":"2021-10-27T12:00:49.000+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Joan Albanell Mestres is a leading oncologist at Hospital HM Nou Delfos in Barcelona. He heads the breast cancer program at HM Delfos. Dr. Albanell Mestres also directs oncology services at Mar Health Park. He conducted oncology research on telomerase in New York. His work is cited more than 9,000 times in medical literature.
Hospital HM Nou Delfos is part of HM Hospitals, the largest private hospital network in Spain. This comprehensive medical-surgical center in Barcelona specializes in surgery, oncology, orthopedics, and cardiology. It holds EFQM excellence recognition and TÜV NORD ISO 9001 certification.
Mastectomy is a radical treatment for breast cancer.
Unlike lumpectomy (tumor removal), mastectomy involves resection of the entire breast.
Indications for total breast removal:
Also, during a mastectomy, regional (axillary) lymph nodes are removed.
Lymphedema is swelling of the extremities caused by stagnation of lymph after removal of the lymph node.
Edema can develop immediately after surgery, and after a fairly long time.
Lymph stasis is characterized by:
Day 1 - Arrival
\nDay 2 - Pre-operation
\nDay 3 - Mastectomy
\nDay 4 - Post-operation
\nWeek 1 - 2 - Rehabilitation
\nWeek 3 - 6 - Rehabilitation
\nWeek 7 - 12 - Rehabilitation
\nEach case is individual, please consult with your physician for specific details.
"},"overview":{"text":"It is a surgical procedure to remove one or both breasts, partially or completely, to treat or prevent breast cancer.
This operation removes cancerous tissues from the breast, helping to halt disease growth and aiding overall treatment.
"},"279":{"operation":{"name":"Gland therapy for breast cancer","alias":"gland-therapy-for-breast-cancer","use_for_listing":false},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":24000,"max_amount":42000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":3900,"max_amount":6800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":5200,"max_amount":7500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":9000,"max_amount":16000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":12000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":false,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":true},"description":"This therapy treats breast tumors by applying medication directly to the gland, reducing side effects and improving efficacy.
"},"286":{"operation":{"name":"Lumpectomy ","alias":"lumpectomy","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":14000,"max_amount":24000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":2500,"max_amount":9100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":10,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":6500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":5800,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":11200,"max_amount":16800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false,"ES":true},"description":"The procedure removes only cancerous breast tissue, sparing the remaining healthy part, ensuring quicker recovery.
"},"289":{"operation":{"name":"Intrabeam","alias":"intrabeam","use_for_listing":false},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":18000,"max_amount":30000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":11000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":5000,"max_amount":7500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":4800,"max_amount":8000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":6500,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":false,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":false},"description":"This therapy is a targeted, low-dose radiation treatment for cancer, applied directly to the tumor site during surgery, minimizing side effects.
"}}},"cityPrices":{"operation_prices":{"9":{"operation":{"id":9,"name":"Mastectomy","alias":"mastectomy"},"city_price":[{"amount":13500,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"tariff","scope":"city","city":{"id":346,"name":"Madrid","alias":"madrid","profile":{"city_id":346,"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Spain","access":["Madrid Barajas Airport (MAD), 13 km from Puerta del Sol"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid–Barajas_Airport"],"status":"ok","checked_at":"2026-11-03"}}},{"amount":14500,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"tariff","scope":"city","city":{"id":98,"name":"Barcelona","alias":"barcelona","profile":{"city_id":98,"city_type":"Mediterranean coastal city in Spain","access":["Barcelona Airport (BCN), 15 km southwest of city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona–El_Prat_Airport"],"status":"ok","checked_at":"2026-11-03"}}},{"amount":7500,"max_amount":11500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"city","city":{"id":441,"name":"Alicante","alias":"alicante","profile":{"city_id":441,"city_type":"Mediterranean port city in Spain","access":["Alicante Airport (ALC), 9 km from the city"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante%E2%80%93Elche_Airport"],"status":"ok","checked_at":"2026-11-03"}}}]}}},"videoReviews":[{"id":"b8c75ace-4f1f-46d8-9887-d9e0b74bfdb6","link":"https://player.vimeo.com/video/1096293607?badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=58479","description":"My companion and I were treated with such kindness — I have nothing but admiration for the entire team.","userName":"Amanda","user_name":"Amanda","preview":"https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/2030326588-92c5121ee6fb5bedb09b0cf12abe66667acab73d0dea713b5168e6353daa6b76-d?mw=600&mh=1067&q=70","updated_at":"2025-06-26T10:47:55.613+00:00","clinicName":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital","clinic":{"name":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital","alias":"lokman-hekim-istanbul"},"clinicUrl":"/clinic/lokman-hekim-istanbul/","relations":{"operations":[{"name":"Mastectomy","alias":"mastectomy"},{"name":"Sarcoma surgery","alias":"removal-of-ewing-s-sarcoma"}]}}],"hasVideoReviewsByContext":true,"responsibleDoctor":{"id":290,"alias":"yesim-yildirim","name":"Yesim Yildirim","photo":"doctor/699da18e34fa6","advisory_text":"20 years of experience\nMedical oncologist, ESMO certified","advisoryText":"20 years of experience\nMedical oncologist, ESMO certified","specialities":[{"id":"onc.001","name":"Clinical oncologist","illness_kind_id":10}]},"updatedAt":"2026-11-13T12:19:06.000Z","activeCountries":["TR","AT","ES","TH"],"operationIndicators":{"details":{"days_in_clinic":0,"days_in_country":0,"rehabilitation_days":0,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":0},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":46119}},"direction":{"id":10,"name":"Oncology","alias":"oncology","name_forms":{"base_form":"Oncology","form_4":"oncologist","form_6":"oncologists","form_11":"oncologists"}},"illness_kind":{"id":10,"name":{"en":"Oncology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"For simple total/simple mastectomy without reconstruction in desk-based work; longer with physical work, axillary surgery or drains."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 30-90 days, mainly seroma, infection, hematoma, flap necrosis; serious ones under 5%"},"contraindications":["Severe uncontrolled cardiopulmonary disease precluding anesthesia (relative)","Uncorrected bleeding disorder or unmanaged therapeutic anticoagulation","Active uncontrolled infection at the surgical site","Pregnancy (needs specialist planning; relative)","Metastatic disease where surgery offers no clinical benefit"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Includes 0–2 hospital nights; total stay 7–14 nights until drain removal and first review."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Gentle shoulder range-of-motion earlier; strenuous upper-body exercise after surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":12,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Scar maturation and resolution of swelling and altered sensation; 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typically improves over 1–2 weeks. Some patients develop lingering chest wall or axillary discomfort.","preparation":["Preoperative imaging and pathology review","Consultation on mastectomy type, axillary management, reconstruction options","Medical assessment and routine blood tests","Fasting before general anesthesia","Medication review with the surgical team","Stop smoking where possible","Arrange help at home and loose front-opening clothing"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Days 0–3","description":"Hospital stay or same-day discharge; drain care taught if drains placed; walking encouraged.","restrictions":["No driving while on opioid analgesics","Avoid lifting"]},{"phase":"Weeks 1–2","description":"Drain removal, wound healing, gentle arm and shoulder exercises.","restrictions":["Avoid lifting over a few kilograms","Keep dressings dry as advised"]},{"phase":"Weeks 3–6","description":"Return to light activity and desk work; increasing arm mobility.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous upper-body activity"]},{"phase":"Weeks 6–12","description":"Return to full activity after clearance; scar softening; prosthesis fitting if desired.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery of daily activities and arm and shoulder mobility after simple mastectomy."},"result_longevity":"Removal of breast tissue is permanent; the breast does not regrow. Cancer recurrence risk depends on disease stage and further treatment.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Unplanned return to theatre within 30 days, mostly for hematoma, infection or wound problems"},"scars":"A flat horizontal or oblique scar across the chest wall, usually 15–25 cm, fading over 6–12 months. Nipple-sparing techniques use shorter incisions. A drain site scar may remain.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation for mastectomy alone, without staged reconstruction."},"stages":[{"code":"mastectomy_surgery","label":"Mastectomy operation","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone unilateral mastectomy without reconstruction."},"success":{"metric":"Local control: no chest wall recurrence","value":95,"unit":"percent","horizon":"10 years","population":"Adults with early-stage breast cancer undergoing simple mastectomy without reconstruction","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Total (simple) mastectomy","suits_whom":"Most patients needing removal of all breast tissue, including prophylactic cases.","recovery":"Usually 2–6 weeks to return to routine activity."},{"name":"Skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy","suits_whom":"Patients planning immediate reconstruction with suitable tumor location.","recovery":"Depends on reconstruction; generally longer than simple mastectomy."},{"name":"Modified radical mastectomy","suits_whom":"Patients with confirmed axillary node involvement needing axillary dissection.","recovery":"Often 4–8 weeks; higher risk of lymphedema and shoulder stiffness."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case","inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1.5,"max":3,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Unilateral simple mastectomy without reconstruction; longer with axillary dissection or bilateral surgery."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Breast biopsy pathology report","Mammogram and breast ultrasound reports","Breast MRI report (if available)","Imaging discs or files of breast scans","Genetic test results (if available)","Oncology treatment plan (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single operation; stay about 7-14 days for drain removal and first review. Later checks usually done at home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check that the surgeon will explain the risks and complications of your procedure","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.plasticsurgery.org/reconstructive-procedures/breast-reconstruction/questions","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Ask about the clinic's regulation and its record on infection rates","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.bapras.org.uk/public/think-over-before-you-make-over/cosmetic-surgery-abroad","host":"bapras.org.uk","quote":"You should ask about the regulation of the clinic, its record on infection rates.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Confirm how your aftercare will be coordinated before you commit to treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery 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