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Multiple sclerosis - is there a chance of recovery? Watch the video from Bookimed.
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Dr. Anna Pujol specializes in neuroimmunology with 36 years of multiple sclerosis experience and 900+ treatments. At the JCI-accredited Centro Médico Teknon, diagnostics start from around $230 for an ultrasound. Treatment options include medication therapy from $4,099 and a 30-day neurorehabilitation package costing around $18,539, which includes full hospitalization and 4 hours of daily therapy.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus), Natalizumab (Tysabri), Rituximab, immunomodulatory therapy","good_fit_for":"MS patients needing evidence-based treatments","why_its_ranked":"Offers specialized immunotherapies including Ocrevus, led by neurologist Dr. Anna Pujol with 36 years of experience. Clinic provides individualized therapy protocols and psychological support."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":11834.747900039565,"price_to":14565.160816698173,"currency":"USD","id":49309},"operation":{"id":565,"name":"Ocrevus (ocrelizumab)","alias":"ocrevus-ocrelizumab"}},{"prices":{"price_from":12137.634013915143,"price_to":24275.268027830287,"currency":"USD","id":49998},"operation":{"id":386,"name":"Plasmapheresis","alias":"plasmapheresis"}},{"prices":{"price_from":680,"price_to":910,"currency":"USD","id":60016},"diagnostic":{"id":287,"name":"Brain MRI with contrast","alias":"mri-of-the-brain-with-contrast-medium"}},{"prices":{"price_from":130,"price_to":250,"currency":"USD","id":59509},"diagnostic":{"id":130,"name":"Consultation with a neurologist","alias":"consultation-neurologist"}},{"prices":{"price_from":500,"price_to":500,"currency":"USD","id":46636},"diagnostic":{"id":182,"name":"Consultation with an ophthalmologist","alias":"consultation-ophthalmologist"}},{"prices":{"price_from":170,"price_to":310,"currency":"USD","id":50364},"diagnostic":{"id":179,"name":"OCT (Optical coherence tomography)","alias":"oct"}},{"prices":{"price_from":210,"price_to":340,"currency":"USD","id":59645},"diagnostic":{"id":84,"name":"Extended analysis of blood","alias":"extended-analysis-of-blood"}},{"prices":{"price_from":390,"price_to":670,"currency":"USD","id":13088},"diagnostic":{"id":308,"name":"Urodynamics","alias":"urodynamics"}},{"prices":{"price_from":340,"price_to":680,"currency":"USD","id":60634},"diagnostic":{"id":328,"name":"Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP-test)","alias":"visual-evoked-potentials-vep-test"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":78,"alias":"teknon-medical-center","name":"Centro Médico Teknon","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/78-6abd276198357.png","short_description":"Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Quironsalud Torrevieja is a JCI-accredited private hospital and the leading medical center in southeastern Spain. It belongs to Spain's largest private hospital network. Core specialties include orthopedics, neurology, endocrinology, oncology, and surgery.
Quironsalud Torrevieja is a JCI-accredited private hospital and the leading medical center in southeastern Spain. It belongs to Spain's largest private hospital network. Core specialties include orthopedics, neurology, endocrinology, oncology, and surgery.
Dr. Oriol Franch Ubia, a nationally recognized MS therapy leader, leads the Neurology Unit at JCI-accredited Hospital Ruber Internacional. He has helped hundreds achieve an improved quality of life. An initial consultation with the specialist may cost around $410. Ocrevus infusion therapy is available, a monoclonal antibody FDA-approved for RRMS, with monitoring and support included in the treatment plan.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":220,"price_to":340,"currency":"USD","id":63287},"diagnostic":{"id":84,"name":"Extended analysis of blood","alias":"extended-analysis-of-blood"}},{"prices":{"price_from":680,"price_to":1290,"currency":"USD","id":60012},"diagnostic":{"id":287,"name":"Brain MRI with contrast","alias":"mri-of-the-brain-with-contrast-medium"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":6225,"alias":"hospital-ruber-internacional","name":"Hospital Ruber Internacional","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/6225-6ac3a2c7a2070.png","short_description":"Hospital Ruber Internacional is a JCI-accredited private hospital in Madrid, Spain. Ranked among Spain's top 6 hospitals by Forbes. Specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and cardiology.
Prof. Evgeniy Blum, founder of the patented somatodynamic rehabilitation method, has treated MS for over _doctor_2066_years_ with 900+ procedures. Diagnostics start from $190 for a consultation. The 28-day intensive program costs around $20,110, covering two daily therapy sessions, a personalized plan, and doctor check-ups.
Dr. Blum’s Biomechanics Center is a Marbella-based rehabilitation clinic founded by Professor Dr. Blum, author of 63 patented methods applied for over 50 years. The center specializes in rehabilitation for complex systemic diseases, pediatric conditions, and sports injuries, and holds ISO 9001:2015 certification.
Dr. Francesc Graus, a neurologist with expertise in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and primary brain lymphomas, established the first strict diagnostic criteria for paraneoplastic syndromes. He completed a neuro-oncology fellowship at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and serves as an Emeritus investigator at IDIBAPS. Treatment for Multiple sclerosis may cost around $1,200–$2,200.
Quiron Barcelona Hospital is a top clinic in Spain, known for its advanced oncology care through the Baselga Institute of Oncology, which collaborates with leading American centers. With 23 operating rooms and cutting-edge technology like PET-CT and MRI, it offers precise and effective treatments, including robotized surgeries and assisted reproduction.
\n\nThe hospital provides personalized care for international patients, with 165 wards, suites, and royal apartments. Services include tailored treatment plans, WiFi, airport transfers, and nearby hotel accommodations, making it a preferred choice for high-quality medical care.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5b040bd627256","title":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona modern clinic building exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf40de89","title":"Operating room with advanced imaging equipment at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf51721a","title":"Spacious waiting area at Hospital Quiron Barcelona with modern seating and natural light"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf5d0e1c","title":"Modern hospital corridor with elevators at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Plaça d'Alfonso Comín, 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.4,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":66},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":300,"year_foundation":1997},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Quirónsalud Madrid earned a World's Best Hospitals 2021 distinction from Newsweek. Dr. Rafael Arroyo González, Head of Neurology, leads its neurodegenerative disorders service. Diagnostic investigations start from $260 for an ultrasound, with neurologist consultations from $290. The comprehensive package for multiple sclerosis costs $5,290–$6,470 and includes blood work, MRI, lumbar puncture, and tailored tests.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Ocrevus (ocrelizumab), medication treatment for multiple sclerosis","good_fit_for":"Advanced multiple sclerosis cases","why_its_ranked":"Offers Ocrevus treatment for multiple sclerosis. Doctors have conducted over 100 clinical trials in neuroscience. Neurology department led by an expert with 4,500+ citations."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":388,"price_to":388,"currency":"USD","id":16887},"diagnostic":{"id":182,"name":"Consultation with an ophthalmologist","alias":"consultation-ophthalmologist"}},{"prices":{"price_from":1020,"price_to":1710,"currency":"USD","id":60184},"diagnostic":{"id":36,"name":" Bone marrow biopsy","alias":"lumbar-puncture-bone-marrow"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":278,"alias":"quiron-madrid","name":"Quironsalud Madrid","short_description":"Quirónsalud Madrid is the top clinic in Spain and Europe, the largest among Quirónsalud centers by the annual number of patients served.
\n\nSpecialization ― oncology, neurosurgery, heart surgery, plastic surgery, and IVF.
\n\nQuiron Madrid research team carries out studies in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases). There is an opportunity to be treated for free as a participant in clinical trials in case of meeting requirements.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e253f9","title":"Quironsalud Madrid hospital modern exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e1cd58","title":"Modern waiting room at Quironsalud Madrid clinic with colorful chairs and glass walls"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e0ec16","title":"Spacious reception area at Quironsalud Madrid clinic with modern seating and information desk"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201c579de","title":"Patient room at Quironsalud Madrid with hospital bed and comfortable seating"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Madrid","id":346,"alias":"madrid"},"address":"Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":3.8,"google":3,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":50},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":0,"year_foundation":2007},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital ranks among Europe's top three medical institutions. It has provided care since 1867 and treats patients from infancy through 18. Core specialties include pediatric oncology, cardiology, neurology, and orthopedics.
SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital ranks among Europe's top three medical institutions. It has provided care since 1867 and treats patients from infancy through 18. Core specialties include pediatric oncology, cardiology, neurology, and orthopedics.
A 3 Tesla whole-body MRI with AI, 3D and diffusion sequences supports neurological assessment at this JCI-accredited Madrid center. Its Neurology Service treats multiple sclerosis and connects care with neurophysiology, neuropsychology and neuropathic pain services. Ultrasound may cost around $200. Multiple sclerosis treatment is priced after specialist assessment. Non-invasive TMS or TDCS includes neurological evaluation, brain MRI, stimulation sessions, virtual reality exercises and supervised physiotherapy; pricing is quoted individually.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"good_fit_for":"MS with nerve pain or cognitive symptoms","why_its_ranked":"MS care delivered by a neurology team of neurologists, neurophysiologists and neuropsychologists, with on-site electromyography and an in-unit neuropsychology service."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":340,"price_to":340,"currency":"USD","id":64302},"diagnostic":{"id":84,"name":"Extended analysis of blood","alias":"extended-analysis-of-blood"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":4060,"alias":"olympia-quiornsalud","name":"Olympia Quironsalud","short_description":"Olympia Quironsalud is a JCI-accredited medical center in Madrid. It is part of Spain's Quirónsalud hospital network. Best known for sports medicine, lifestyle medicine, and minimally invasive surgery.
HM Hospitales is a network of 7 medical centers in Madrid and 40 facilities across Spain. Its strengths are oncology, neurosciences, cardiovascular diseases, fertility, pediatrics, and memory disorders. The group is EFQM-certified and was named one of the World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek.
HM Hospitales is a network of 7 medical centers in Madrid and 40 facilities across Spain. Its strengths are oncology, neurosciences, cardiovascular diseases, fertility, pediatrics, and memory disorders. The group is EFQM-certified and was named one of the World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek.
Clinica Universidad de Navarra is a JCI-accredited hospital with over 700,000 patients treated from 70 countries. Ricardo Díez Valle, a neurosurgeon specializing in brain tumor treatment, leads the neurosurgery team. Multiple sclerosis treatment may cost around $6,200–$10,000. The clinic is recognized as Spain's top private hospital by MERCO.
Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN) is the best private Spanish hospital in 2018 according to MERCO (monitoring organization of medical reputation).
\n\nNavarra is a leading sarcoma center. 74% of patients get cured of bone sarcoma; and in up to 95% of cases, an affected limb is preserved.
\n\nOncology, Onco-Hematology, Organ Transplant, Neurosurgery, Cardiac Surgery are the primary specialties in Navarra Hospital.
\n\nHospital de Navarra is the 1st in Spain that has received JCI, the US certificate for the high quality of medical services.
\n\nOver 700,000 patients from 70 countries have been treated at Navarra.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62dfba4","title":"Clinic Universidad de Navarra modern hospital building in Pamplona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62c6ade","title":"Modern reception hall at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with glass stairs and art wall"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62d5bbe","title":"Modern waiting area at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with seating and open design"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62ef71f","title":"Advanced operating room at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with robotic surgery equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Pamplona","id":366,"alias":"pamplona"},"address":"Av. de Pío XII, 36, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.8,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":7,"doctors_number":440,"year_foundation":1962},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d1129badf6c5.jpeg","name":"European Society for Medical Oncology","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5e5e5c99ba5be.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2020 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/60d499a36ac19.jpeg","name":"World's Best Smart Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/636103a731801.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6360fa074cde8.jpeg","name":"World's Best Smart Hospitals 2023 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":12,"total_pages":2}},"clinicsMeta":{"total_count":12,"total_pages":2},"clinicsCount":12,"clinicsCountByEntity":{"clinic_count":179},"doctors":{"doctors":[{"card_text":"Founder of SOMATODYNAMICS – a groundbreaking approach to studying human physiology. Dr. Blum has over _doctor_2066_years_ of experience in clinical rehabilitation.
Dr. Evgeniy Blum is an honored inventor and rehabilitation specialist in Marbella, Spain. He holds over 60 international patents for treating serious systemic diseases. Dr. Blum founded Somatodynamics, a scientific field focusing on fascial self-renewal and physiological flow. He treats complex conditions like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s, and cerebral palsy.
Dr. Blum’s Biomechanics Center is a Marbella-based rehabilitation clinic founded by Professor Dr. Blum, author of 63 patented methods applied for over 50 years. The center specializes in rehabilitation for complex systemic diseases, pediatric conditions, and sports injuries, and holds ISO 9001:2015 certification.
900+ treatments performed – Dr. Pujol specializes in neuroimmunology and demyelinating diseases at Centro Médico Teknon.
Dr. Anna Pujol is a neurologist at Teknon Medical Center in Barcelona. She specialize in chronic headaches, migraines, and neuromuscular diseases. Dr. Pujol previously served as the Memory Research Unit coordinator at Sant Pau Hospital. She holds a PhD focused on neurological complications of liver transplantation.
Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ab24c738630b","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic facade with landscaped garden in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3164cd87d2","title":"Medical team in front of Centro Médico Teknon clinic building in Barcelona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ac3156221add","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic entrance in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497,"doctors_number":400,"year_foundation":1994},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]},"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":11787.571833321306,"price_to":14507.100686963731,"currency":"USD","id":49309},"operation":{"id":565,"name":"Ocrevus (ocrelizumab)","alias":"ocrevus-ocrelizumab"}},{"prices":{"price_from":12089.250572469775,"price_to":24178.50114493955,"currency":"USD","id":49998},"operation":{"id":386,"name":"Plasmapheresis","alias":"plasmapheresis"}}]},{"card_text":"Head of the Advanced Neurosciences Unit at Quirónsalud – Dr. Torres San Narciso specializes in complex neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis.
Dr. Erika María Torres San Narciso heads the Advanced Neurosciences Unit at Quironsalud Torrevieja. She specializes in neurodegenerative disorders, epilepsy, and movement disorders. Dr. Torres San Narciso previously served as Head of Neurology at two major Spanish hospitals. She treats complex conditions like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis.
Quironsalud Torrevieja is a JCI-accredited private hospital and the leading medical center in southeastern Spain. It belongs to Spain's largest private hospital network. Core specialties include orthopedics, neurology, endocrinology, oncology, and surgery.
Hospital Ruber Internacional is a JCI-accredited private hospital in Madrid, Spain. Ranked among Spain's top 6 hospitals by Forbes. Specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and cardiology.
Dr. Oriol Franch heads the neurology departments at two major hospitals in Madrid. He is a specialist in complex diagnostic cases and second medical opinions. Dr. Franch focuses on neuro-ophthalmology, movement disorders, and rare neurogenetic conditions. He works at the JCI-accredited Hospital Ruber Internacional, ranked among Spain's top six hospitals.
Hospital Ruber Internacional is a JCI-accredited private hospital in Madrid, Spain. Ranked among Spain's top 6 hospitals by Forbes. Specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and cardiology.
Dr. Romero Imbroda is a Fellow of the European Board of Neurology and President of the Andalusian Society of Neurology. He combines clinical practice with teaching at the University of Granada.
Dr. Jesus Romero Imbroda is a neurologist at Quirónsalud Marbella. He is a Fellow of the European Board of Neurology. Dr. Romero Imbroda serves as an academic at the Royal Academy of Medicine. He focuses on multiple sclerosis research and complex neuromuscular disorders. The doctor also teaches at the University of Granada.
Quirónsalud Marbella is a JCI-accredited hospital in Spain's largest private hospital network. Its main specialties are plastic surgery and medical check-ups. Located on the Costa del Sol, it treats 30,000 patients each year.
Principal investigator of 100+ clinical trials in neuroscience – Dr. Arroyo leads MS research at Quironsalud Madrid.
The doctor is a distinguished neurologist and the principal investigator of 100 clinical trials, with a specialized focus on multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The specialist utilizes advanced therapeutic interventions, including plasmapheresis and neurorehabilitation technologies like the Exoskeleton.
With a career spanning leadership roles as Head of Neurology at major university hospitals, the doctor holds an accreditation as a Professor of Medical Sciences. An accomplished researcher, the specialist has authored over 400 scientific works, including 139 international articles cited more than 4,500 times, and has led numerous research projects funded by the Carlos III Institute of Health.
","specialities":[{"id":"nrl.001","name":"Neurologist","illness_kind_id":7}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":278,"alias":"quiron-madrid","name":"Quironsalud Madrid","short_description":"Quirónsalud Madrid is the top clinic in Spain and Europe, the largest among Quirónsalud centers by the annual number of patients served.
\n\nSpecialization ― oncology, neurosurgery, heart surgery, plastic surgery, and IVF.
\n\nQuiron Madrid research team carries out studies in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases). There is an opportunity to be treated for free as a participant in clinical trials in case of meeting requirements.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e253f9","title":"Quironsalud Madrid hospital modern exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e1cd58","title":"Modern waiting room at Quironsalud Madrid clinic with colorful chairs and glass walls"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201e0ec16","title":"Spacious reception area at Quironsalud Madrid clinic with modern seating and information desk"},{"base_url":"clinic/5d12201c579de","title":"Patient room at Quironsalud Madrid with hospital bed and comfortable seating"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Madrid","id":346,"alias":"madrid"},"address":"Calle Diego de Velázquez, 1, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":3.8,"google":3,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":50},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":0,"year_foundation":2007},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":24259,"alias":"javier-abril-jaramillo","name":"Javier Abril Jaramillo","clinic_id":9862,"first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2026-10-30T00:24:33.695+00:00","specialities":[{"id":"nrl.001","name":"Neurologist","illness_kind_id":7},{"id":"nrl.003","name":"Epileptologist","illness_kind_id":7}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":9862,"alias":"centro-de-neurologia-avanzada-cna","name":"Centro de Neurología Avanzada (CNA)","short_description":"Centro de Neurología Avanzada (CNA) is a private neurological center in Sevilla, Spain. The team treats adults and children across neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. The clinic handles over 35,000 consultations each year. Specialized units cover sleep disorders, epilepsy, and spine surgery. Staff run more than 350 videopolysomnographic studies annually.
Epilepsy surgery success rates reach over 85% for specific brain lesions. For temporal lobe epilepsy, 79% of patients stay seizure-free. The team includes 20 specialized doctors. Dr. Hernando Pérez received the Top Doctors Award. Dr. Pablo Clavel has over 25 years in spine surgery. The clinic holds Top Doctors recognition and SADE research awards.
Advanced tools include high-resolution Doppler and prolonged video-EEG monitoring. Surgeons perform anterior disc replacement using NuVasive and Centinel Spine systems. Non-invasive neuromodulation helps patients with chronic pain and depression. The facility has nine consultation rooms and rehabilitation spaces. Specialists from Central America visit for clinical epilepsy training.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3e39a6423f","title":"Clinic facade of Centro de Neurología Avanzada (CNA), modern neurology center in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3e39bdce89","title":"CNA Centro de Neurología Avanzada clinic logo on modern interior wall"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3e39d83dd2","title":"Physical therapy room at Centro de Neurología Avanzada with treatment table and rehab tools"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae3e39f0a8c4","title":"CT scan room with medical staff at Centro de Neurología Avanzada, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Seville","id":1597,"alias":"seville"},"address":"Av. Manuel Siurot, 43A, 41013 Sevilla, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.4,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":20},"accreditations":[]}},{"doctor":{"id":18591,"alias":"javier-casas-limon","name":"Javier Casas Limón","clinic_id":8570,"photo":"doctor/6aaa022a61ad2","first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2026-09-16T02:42:48.546+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Javier Casas Limon is a neurologist and epileptologist at Publio Cordon Memorial Hospital in Madrid. He treats epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and chronic headaches. He works at a JCI-accredited facility, which indicates the hospital meets international requirements for safety and clinical care.
As a specialist in epilepsy, Dr. Casas Limon performs seizure management and neurological diagnostics. He conducts medical check-ups and treats complex nervous system disorders.
","specialities":[{"id":"nrl.001","name":"Neurologist","illness_kind_id":7},{"id":"nrl.003","name":"Epileptologist","illness_kind_id":7}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":8570,"alias":"publio-cordon-memorial-hospital","name":"Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital","short_description":"Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital is a multispecialty center in Madrid, Spain. It focuses on cardiology, neurosurgery, and oncology. Founded in 2005, the hospital has over 110 physicians across six departments. Investment exceeds 100 million euros. It is one of the few centers using the Da Vinci 5 surgical robot.
The hospital holds JCI, ESHRE, and FACS accreditations. A hybrid operating room supports complex cardiovascular procedures. Surgeons here performed the hospital's first robotic knee prosthesis surgery. Other technologies include PET-CT with Gallium 68 and 3D maxillofacial planning. International patients get help with medical visas, accommodation, and airport transfers.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6aa9fb2618d55","title":"Reception desk at Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital with staff assisting patient"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa9fb27b15f9","title":"Doctors reviewing endoscopy and colonoscopy results at Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa9fb296bbe2","title":"Doctors discussing radiology scans at Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital meeting room"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa9fb2b71fa4","title":"Linear accelerator for radiotherapy at Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Madrid","id":346,"alias":"madrid"},"address":"P.º de la Casa de Campo, 5 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":114,"year_foundation":2005},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9bd0f432af.jpeg","name":"European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d88caba297f8.jpeg","name":"Fellow, American College of Surgeons","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d88bd61a3cbb.jpeg","name":"American Society of Plastic Surgeons","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":3382,"alias":"francesc-graus","name":"Francesc Graus","clinic_id":279,"photo":"doctor/61ae147ca73b6","first_year_working":1982,"created_at":"2021-12-06T13:47:39.000+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Francesc Graus is a neuro-oncologist at Hospital Quiron Barcelona. He founded the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO). Dr. Graus identified the antibodies now used globally to diagnose autoimmune neurological dysfunctions. He completed a neuro-oncology fellowship at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York.
Quiron Barcelona Hospital is a top clinic in Spain, known for its advanced oncology care through the Baselga Institute of Oncology, which collaborates with leading American centers. With 23 operating rooms and cutting-edge technology like PET-CT and MRI, it offers precise and effective treatments, including robotized surgeries and assisted reproduction.
\n\nThe hospital provides personalized care for international patients, with 165 wards, suites, and royal apartments. Services include tailored treatment plans, WiFi, airport transfers, and nearby hotel accommodations, making it a preferred choice for high-quality medical care.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5b040bd627256","title":"Hospital Quiron Barcelona modern clinic building exterior in Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf40de89","title":"Operating room with advanced imaging equipment at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf51721a","title":"Spacious waiting area at Hospital Quiron Barcelona with modern seating and natural light"},{"base_url":"clinic/5b040cf5d0e1c","title":"Modern hospital corridor with elevators at Hospital Quiron Barcelona"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Plaça d'Alfonso Comín, 5-7, 08023 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.4,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":66},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":6,"doctors_number":300,"year_foundation":1997},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":1018,"alias":"ricardo-diez-valle","name":"Ricardo Díez Valle","clinic_id":339,"photo":"doctor/5acf60f4a33f2","first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2017-07-27T15:34:56.000+00:00","short_description":"The doctor is a highly skilled neurosurgeon specializing in the treatment of brain tumors. With extensive experience in both surgical and non-surgical approaches, the doctor has contributed significantly to advancements in neuro-oncology. The doctor is recognized for implementing cutting-edge techniques and has published numerous research papers in leading medical journals. The doctor is committed to improving patient outcomes through innovative treatment strategies and is actively involved in clinical trials aimed at developing new therapies for brain tumor patients.
","statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":339,"alias":"clinica-universidad-de-navarra-navarra-hospital","name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra (Navarra Hospital)","short_description":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra (CUN) is the best private Spanish hospital in 2018 according to MERCO (monitoring organization of medical reputation).
\n\nNavarra is a leading sarcoma center. 74% of patients get cured of bone sarcoma; and in up to 95% of cases, an affected limb is preserved.
\n\nOncology, Onco-Hematology, Organ Transplant, Neurosurgery, Cardiac Surgery are the primary specialties in Navarra Hospital.
\n\nHospital de Navarra is the 1st in Spain that has received JCI, the US certificate for the high quality of medical services.
\n\nOver 700,000 patients from 70 countries have been treated at Navarra.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62dfba4","title":"Clinic Universidad de Navarra modern hospital building in Pamplona, Spain"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62c6ade","title":"Modern reception hall at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with glass stairs and art wall"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62d5bbe","title":"Modern waiting area at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with seating and open design"},{"base_url":"clinic/5c618b62ef71f","title":"Advanced operating room at Clinica Universidad de Navarra with robotic surgery equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Pamplona","id":366,"alias":"pamplona"},"address":"Av. de Pío XII, 36, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.8,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":7,"doctors_number":440,"year_foundation":1962},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d1129badf6c5.jpeg","name":"European Society for Medical Oncology","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5e5e5c99ba5be.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2020 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/60d499a36ac19.jpeg","name":"World's Best Smart Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/636103a731801.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6360fa074cde8.jpeg","name":"World's Best Smart Hospitals 2023 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":9,"total_pages":1}},"reviews":{"reviews":[{"id":4796,"user":{"id":37868,"name":"Ashwaq Moh","country_code":"KW"},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":0},{"name":"coordination","value":0},{"name":"doctor","value":0},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"personal","value":0},{"name":"translation","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"I wanted to thank you for being with me and so kind.I just finished my Skype consultation with Dr.Pujol. I hope you have great live and thank you again"},"order":{"illness":{"id":27,"name":{"en":"Multiple sclerosis"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":78,"name":"Centro Médico Teknon","alias":"teknon-medical-center","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2019-08-12T00:00:00.000+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"summary":{"positive":{"en":"\"I am very satisfied with the treatment and the results are amazing.\""}}},{"id":6661,"user":{"id":170327,"name":"Анастасия ","country_code":"UA","country_name":{"en":"Ukraine"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":0},{"name":"coordination","value":0},{"name":"doctor","value":0},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"personal","value":0},{"name":"translation","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"Everything is good, I liked it very much. Thanks for the help!"},"order":{"illness":{"id":27,"name":{"en":"Multiple sclerosis"}},"diagnostic":{"id":42,"name":{"en":"Consultation with a neurosurgeon"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":78,"name":"Centro Médico Teknon","alias":"teknon-medical-center","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2020-02-07T11:41:49.000+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":true},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"summary":{"positive":{"en":"Thanks for the help!"}}},{"id":4810,"user":{"id":113253,"name":"Allewyn Tredoux ","country_code":"GB","country_name":{"en":"United Kingdom"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":4},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":4},{"name":"doctor","value":4},{"name":"manager","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"Good hospital, one of the best I’ve seen for sure . \r\nHospital staff very kind and friendly they way things should be . \r\nAnna is excellent !! always helpful and caring person . Very professional ."},"order":{"illness":{"id":27,"name":{"en":"Multiple sclerosis"}}},"doctor_info":{"id":445,"name":"Isabel Güell López ","alias":"isabel-guel-lopez"},"clinic_info":{"id":78,"name":"Centro Médico Teknon","alias":"teknon-medical-center","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2019-08-13T08:45:50.000+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":true},{"name":"would_recommend","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"comment_about_bookimed":{"en":"Anna is excellent !! always helpful and caring person . Very professional ."},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"\"Anna is excellent!! Always helpful and caring person. Very professional.\" \r \r Return: \"About the doctor: Anna is excellent!! Always helpful and caring person. Very professional.\", \r \"About the clinic: Good hospital, one of the best I’ve seen for sure.\", \r \"About the results: The results were just what I was hoping for.\", \r \"About the experience: Hospital staff very kind and friendly they way thin"}}}],"meta":{"total_count":8,"total_pages":1}},"offers":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}},"listingTexts":{"entity_texts":{"txt_price":{"text":"Multiple sclerosis treatment cost in Spain is approximately 30–50% lower than in the US, with a brain MRI with contrast ranging from _diag_287_price_from_ to _diag_287_price_to_. Patients typically pay between _op_565_price_from_ and _op_565_price_to_ for Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) infusions. Total expenses depend on the disease stage and required neurorehabilitation. Madrid, Barcelona, and Alicante are the primary destinations for specialized neurological care in the country.
\n\nTypical Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Costs in Spain
\nBookimed Expert Insight: Patients seeking the most advanced protocols should prioritize JCI-accredited centers like Quirónsalud Madrid. This facility is led by Dr. Rafael Arroyo González, a specialist who has conducted over 100 clinical trials for neurodegenerative disorders. For pediatric cases, SJD Barcelona Children's Hospital is a top-three European center. Those requiring intensive biomechanical recovery benefit from Dr. Blum’s Biomechanics Center in Marbella.
"},"pros_cons_mc":{"text":"What patients like
\nWhat patients don't like
\nBookimed, a leading global medical tourism platform, is committed to helping clients looking for Multiple sclerosis treatment in Spain by offering expert assistance and trustworthy medical solutions for every situation. Smart automatic ranking system is used to compose transparent clinic listings, meticulously maintained by a data scientist using AI for accuracy. The platform guarantees authenticity by publishing reviews from real patients after their treatments. Bookimed offers comprehensive medical solutions, with updates from clinics to ensure trustworthiness. The content about Multiple sclerosis treatment in Spain, crafted by experienced medical authors and reviewed by specialists, adheres to Bookimed\"s Editorial Guidelines, reflecting the platform\"s commitment to delivering high-quality and clear health information. For more details or inquiries, feel free to contact us at marketing@bookimed.com or learn more about us and our mission here.
"},"txt_clinics":{"text":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers, called myelin, leading to inflammation, damage, and disruption of nerve signals.
\n\nIn the United States, the average chance of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) is about 3 in 1,000, which is less than 1%. For close family members, like a child or sibling, the risk goes up to 3-4%.
\n\nThe National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) is a leading organization that provides education, support, and advocacy for people with MS.
\n\n![\"average](\"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/_images_without_dir/66e7edc7ddbd1.jpeg\")
There are four main types of MS:
\n\nRelapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS). Relapsing multiple sclerosis most common form, affecting about 85% of people with MS. Symptoms come and go in flare-ups, followed by periods of recovery.
\n\tSecondary-Progressive MS (SPMS). After years of relapsing-remitting MS, some people enter this phase, where symptoms worsen steadily over time.
\n\tPrimary-Progressive MS (PPMS). From the onset, progressive multiple sclerosis causes a gradual worsening of symptoms without any clear relapses. Around 10-15% of people with MS have this type.
\n\tProgressive-relapsing MS (PRMS) is the rarest form, in which symptoms get progressively worse, but flare-ups still occur.
\n\t| Type of MS | \n\t\t\tDefinition | \n\t\t\tEffective Treatments | \n\t\t\tSuccess Rates | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tRelapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tCharacterized by clear episodes of new or worsening symptoms followed by periods of recovery. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTreatments that modify the disease course to reduce flare-ups and slow progression. For example, Ocrelizumab. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSubstantial reduction in annual relapse rates. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tSecondary Progressive MS (SPMS) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tFollows RRMS, marked by steady progression, with or without relapses. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tMedications that help manage symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. For instance, Siponimod. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSignificant management of progression and relapses. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tPrimary Progressive MS (PPMS) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tWorsening neurological function from the onset without early relapses. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThe first approved medication specifically for PPMS that slows the worsening of the disease is Ocrelizumab. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tModest reduction in progression rates. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tProgressive-Relapsing MS (PRMS) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSteady progression from the onset, with acute relapses. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSimilar strategies as SPMS and PPMS. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tVaries, focuses on managing progression. | \n\t\t
It's common for people to go through several wrong diagnoses before finally finding out they have MS. Some may wait years, unsure if they will ever get a clear answer. This happens because there isn’t a straightforward test to diagnose MS, and many other conditions can show symptoms similar to MS. These conditions are known as \"MS mimics.\"
\n\nExperienced doctors that treat multiple sclerosis will quickly rule out the following:
\n\nFibromyalgia;
\n\tVitamin B12 deficiency;
\n\tMuscular dystrophy (MD);
\n\tAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease);
\n\tMigraine;
\n\tHypothyroidism;
\n\tHypertension;
\n\tBeçhet's disease;
\n\tArnold-Chiari deformity;
\n\tMitochondrial disorders.
\n\tMultiple sclerosis is a disease that involves a broad clinical picture of symptoms. Doctors aren’t sure why some people develop MS, but certain factors can increase the risk:
\n\nGenetics. The risk is higher if someone in the family has MS.
\n\tInfections. Some viruses, like the Epstein-Barr virus, have been linked to MS.
\n\tGeography. MS is more common in areas farther from the equator, suggesting a connection to lower sunlight exposure and vitamin D levels.
\n\tGender. Women are two to three times more likely to develop MS than men.
\n\tMS symptoms vary greatly depending on which part of the nervous system is affected. Some common symptoms include:
\n\nFatigue doesn’t improve with rest.
\n\tNumbness or Tingling is often felt in the face, body, arms, or legs.
\n\tMuscle Weakness, which makes it difficult to walk or hold objects.
\n\tVision Problems, such as blurred or double vision, are common, especially during a flare-up.
\n\tDizziness and Balance Issues. Difficulty in maintaining balance or feeling lightheaded.
\n\tSome people also experience memory problems and depression due to the effects multiple sclerosis has on the brain.
\n\nAccording to the National MS Society, the risk of developing MS is higher for:
\n\nAges 20-40;
\n\tWomen (2-3 times more likely than men);
\n\tFamily history of MS;
\n\tLiving far from the equator (less sunlight/vitamin D);
\n\tViral infections like Epstein-Barr;
\n\tSmokers;
\n\tPeople with autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes.
\n\t![\"ms](\"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/_images_without_dir/66e7edbebcdd7.jpeg\")
These factors can increase the chance of developing MS but aren't a 100% guarantee of getting the disease.
\n\nDiagnosing MS can be challenging, as symptoms can mimic other conditions. The National Multiple Sclerosis Society advice several tests to confirm MS:
\n\nMRI scans are performed to see any brain or spinal cord lesions.
\n\tA lumbar puncture (Spinal Tap) checks the fluid around the brain and spinal cord.
\n\tEvoked Potentials Tests measure how quickly the brain responds to visual or electrical stimuli, helping detect nerve damage.
\n\tThere is no targeted cure for MS, but treatments can help manage symptoms and slow the disease's progression. Multiple sclerosis care depends on the condition's type and severity. Here are some standard options:
\n\n💊 Medications. Infusion treatment for multiple sclerosis includes interferons (e.g., Avonex) or monoclonal antibodies (e.g., Ocrevus), which can slow disease progression. Oral medications like Tecfidera also help control the immune system.
\n\t🏋🏻♀️ Physical Therapy. This helps strengthen muscles, improve balance, and maintain mobility. A physical therapist will work with patients to create a plan that suits their needs.
\n\t🏵 Corticosteroids. These drugs help reduce inflammation during flare-ups, speeding up recovery from an attack.
\n\t🩸 Plasma Exchange (Plasmapheresis) is used when other treatments don’t work. It removes harmful substances from the blood, helping control severe symptoms.
\n\t| Treatment Strategy | \n\t\t\tDescription | \n\t\t\tSuccess Rate | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tDisease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tModulate or suppress immune response to prevent damage to the nervous system. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tReduces relapse rates by 30-70% and slows progression in many patients. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tCorticosteroids | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tReduce inflammation quickly to manage acute MS flare-ups. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tEffective in reducing the duration and severity of relapses during acute flare-ups. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tSymptomatic Treatments | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tTarget and alleviate specific MS symptoms like spasticity and pain. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tEffective in managing specific symptoms, significantly improving quality of life. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tPhysical Therapy and Rehabilitation | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tUse exercises to enhance mobility, function, and manage day-to-day symptoms. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tSignificantly aids in maintaining mobility and daily functioning, improving patients' quality of life. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tPlasma Exchange (Plasmapheresis) | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tRemove and replace blood plasma to eliminate harmful elements from the blood that impact MS symptoms. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tImproves outcomes in about 40-45% of cases, particularly those unresponsive to other treatments. | \n\t\t
\n\t\t\tEmerging Therapies | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tInvestigate novel approaches like stem cell therapies and targeted immunotherapies. | \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tStill under research; early results show potential but require more extensive clinical trials to confirm efficacy. | \n\t\t
Cognitive symptoms, or issues related to thinking and memory, are common in multiple sclerosis (MS). About half of the people with MS (50-66%) experience changes in how they think, process information, or remember things. These symptoms range from mild forgetfulness to more noticeable difficulty concentrating or multitasking.
\n\nHere are some common cognitive symptoms and their examples:
\n\nMemory Problems. People with MS may struggle to remember details, such as appointments, names, or where they left their keys. For instance, they might forget what they visited the store for or miss an important meeting.
\n\tDifficulty Focusing. A patient with MS might find it challenging to follow a conversation in a noisy room or stay focused on reading a book.
\n\tSlower Thinking (Processing Speed). Simple tasks may take longer to complete because processing information becomes slower. For instance, following a recipe might feel overwhelming because understanding and following each step takes more time.
\n\tProblem-Solving Challenges. MS makes it difficult to think through complex tasks or make quick decisions. This might be as simple as having trouble figuring out how to organize a busy day or deciding the best route to take when driving.
\n\tTrouble Multitasking. Doing multiple things simultaneously, like talking on the phone while cooking or managing several projects at work, becomes overwhelming. It may feel easier to focus on just one thing at a time.
\n\t![\"relapsing](\"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/_images_without_dir/66e7edd10d9a5.jpeg\")
The main factors to consider when selecting a country for MS care include:
\n\nSpecialized Care. The\n\t\n\tbest hospitals for multiple sclerosis have available equipment and expertise to satisfy your treatment plan.
\n\tAdvanced Therapies. Consider countries that offer a wide range of treatment options, including disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), rehabilitation programs, and emerging therapies.
\n\tClinical Trials. Some countries may be more actively looking for new MS treatments that provide access to cutting-edge therapies.
\n\tCost and Insurance. Check if your insurance company will cover treatments for MS.
\n\tQuality of Life. Evaluate the overall quality of life in the chosen country, including cultural differences, language barriers, and accessibility.
\n\tThe best countries for treatment of multiple sclerosis are:
\n\nThese countries have the best multiple sclerosis centers in the world, offering state-of-the-art facilities, experienced neurologists specializing in MS, and access to regenerative medicine (including stem cell therapy).
\n\nBookimed can assist you in finding the best country for MS care based on your needs and preferences. Our medical experts will carefully evaluate your medical history, treatment goals, and budget to recommend suitable options.
\n\nBy choosing Bookimed, you can benefit from personalized guidance, access to top-tier medical facilities, and transparent pricing. We'll help you navigate the complexities of international healthcare and ensure a seamless experience.
\n\nStem cells are the ones that turn into different kinds of cells in the human body. Some doctors use a type of stem cell treatment called hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to treat RRMS. However, they need more research to know how well HSCT works against it.
\n\nOne trial of 24 people with RRMS found that 69% who had stem cell therapy didn't have a relapse in MS symptoms or new brain lesions, which are caused by MS, 5 years after treatment.
\n\nStem cell therapy has serious risks. During HSCT, the immune system isn't at full strength. This means that doctors at MS treatment center have to acknowledge the higher risks of infection with bacteria or virus.
\n\nMS is different for everyone, but many people with the condition experience periods of relapse and remission, especially in the early stages. Over time, MS may become more progressive, with symptoms becoming more constant and severe.
\n\nFor example, someone with RRMS might notice long periods with no symptoms at all, followed by sudden flare-ups. As MS progresses into SPMS, symptoms may gradually worsen, even between relapses.
\n\n\n\nThe multiple sclerosis treatment price can vary depending on the type of care, the country, and the length of treatment. Here is a general idea of the\n\naverage cost of MS treatment:
\n\nTurkey: $15,000-$30,000 for similar services, including access to advanced therapies.
\n\tGermany: $30,000-$50,000 for high-end care and personalized treatment plans.
\n\tIsrael: $20,000-$40,000 for comprehensive care, including medications and rehabilitation.
\n\tRecent advancements in multiple sclerosis (MS) research and treatment include:
\n\nDisease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs). New medications, such as siponimod (Mayzent) and ozanimod (Zeposia), offer improved efficacy and fewer side effects than older treatments. These drugs help reduce the frequency of relapses and slow disease progression.
\n\tStem Cell Therapy. Research into hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is showing promising results. Studies indicate that HSCT can potentially halt disease progression in some patients with aggressive forms of MS.
\n\tBiomarkers and Imaging. Advances in MRI technology and identifying new biomarkers improve early diagnosis and disease progression monitoring. Techniques like advanced MRI scans can now detect subtle changes in brain lesions that were previously undetectable.
\n\tGenetic Research. Ongoing research is uncovering genetic factors linked to MS, which may lead to personalized treatments tailored to individual genetic profiles.
\n\tNeuroprotective Strategies. New studies are focusing on protecting nerve cells from damage. Treatments aimed at reducing inflammation and repairing myelin damage are showing promise in clinical trials.
\n\tFinding doctors who specialize in multiple sclerosis is essential, as this condition requires specialized care. When selecting a doctor, consider:
\n\nExperience with MS. Choose a doctor with a track record of treating MS patients successfully.
\n\tAccess to the Latest Treatments. Specialists involved in research can offer newer, more effective treatments.
\n\tPatient Reviews. Look for positive feedback from other MS patients, which can give insight into the doctor’s communication and care quality.
\n\tIf you're in a hurry and don't have much time to browse reviews, contact Bookimed, and we'll find the\n\ntop multiple sclerosis centers based on your needs.
\n\nArrival
\nDiagnostics
\nTreatment plan development
\nTreatment
\nFollow-up
\nRehabilitation
\nRemember, only a doctor can determine the most appropriate diagnostic and treatment plan for your individual case. Other diagnostic methods such as blood tests or evoked potential tests may also be used. Additional treatment options could include alternative therapies or lifestyle changes.
"}}},"faq":[{"id":"69beac18adfaf32f2b071114","question":"Is MS treatment free in Spain for nonresidents?","answer":"Nonresidents generally do not receive free multiple sclerosis treatment in Spain. Access to the public healthcare system requires legal residency and social security contributions. European Union citizens may use the European Health Insurance Card for emergency care. Long-term disease-modifying therapies usually require private payment.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Patients seeking advanced care can find unique opportunities at Quironsalud Madrid. This center conducts research into neurodegenerative disorders and occasionally offers free treatment through clinical trials. This is a rare way for nonresidents to access high-cost therapies without the standard private fees.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that while Spanish care is excellent, foreigners often pay $15,000 to $50,000 annually. Many suggest joining local support groups to navigate the complex transition to the public system.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69beac70e93558c78a0a0c12","question":"Which Spanish hospitals are most respected for MS care?","answer":"Spain is a global hub for multiple sclerosis care with top-rated centers in Barcelona and Madrid. Respected facilities include the Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia at Vall d'Hebron and JCI-accredited private hospitals like Centro Médico Teknon and Hospital Ruber Internacional. These institutions offer advanced immunotherapies and clinical trials.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many choose Barcelona for its research centers, our data shows Quirónsalud Torrevieja serves 120,000 patients annually. This high volume often translates to faster access for international patients compared to city-center public waits. For complex cases, choosing a JCI-accredited clinic like Ruber Internacional ensures access to 40+ specialized departments under one roof.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that private clinics like those in the Quirónsalud network provide much faster access to infusions. Many appreciate having the same doctor for both public research trials and private follow-up care.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69beacdee93558c78a0a0c14","question":"What MS medications are routinely available in Spain?","answer":"Spain provides routine access to a full range of European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved Disease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs). Patients can access first-line orals like Dimethyl fumarate, injectables such as Glatiramer acetate, and high-efficacy infusions including Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus) and Natalizumab. The public system typically covers these treatments.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Clinical trial access is a major differentiator in Spain. Quironsalud Madrid and Centro Médico Teknon actively run trials for neurodegenerative disorders. Patients may access next-generation therapies like tolebrutinib through these programs before general approval. This is vital when standard DMTs show limited results.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that while approval for high-efficacy infusions is reliable, waiting periods for scheduling can vary by region. Many emphasize that starting with a neurologist like Dr. Anna Pujol in Barcelona helps streamline the complex diagnostic process.
","is_active":true,"category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"}},{"id":"69bead34adfaf32f2b071116","question":"How quickly can an expat see an MS neurologist after arriving?","answer":"Expats in Spain can see an MS neurologist within 1 to 14 days through the private healthcare sector. Public system wait times typically range from 1 to 6 months after a GP referral. Immediate access is available at JCI-accredited centers in Madrid, Barcelona, and Alicante.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Spain’s private hospital networks like Quirónsalud and HM Hospitales serve over 2,000,000 outpatients annually. Data shows that clinics in Mediterranean hubs like Torrevieja or Marbella often have shorter queues than crowded Madrid centers. Choosing a high-volume private facility remains the most reliable way to bypass the standard 90-day public specialist guarantee.
Patient Consensus: Patients note that arriving with translated MRI scans and medical records is essential for a productive first visit. Many highlight that private doctors like Dr. Anna Pujol are exceptionally helpful and often provide multilingual support.
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