TRSC International Eye and Vision Center has restored eyesight in over 100,000 eyes with advanced vision correction procedures. ReLEx SMILE surgery typically costs around $4,150. Dr. Ekktet Chansue, the first pioneer ophthalmologist for LASIK and ReLEx in Thailand, trained at Washington University Eye Center and has led the clinic since 1997. The center specializes exclusively in ophthalmology and attracts international patients from around the world.
TRSC International Eye and Vision Center is a private single-specialty clinic in Bangkok, Thailand. It has restored eyesight in over 100,000 eyes. The clinic specializes in ophthalmology, LASIK, and ReLEx SMILE.
Dr. Sasi Yaisawang has performed 900+ ReLEx SMILE procedures over _doctor_9190_years_, specializing in cornea and refractive surgery. The surgery may cost around $4,546, typically covering the procedure, 1-day hospital stay, and personalized treatment plan. Dr. Yaisawang holds a fellowship from the International Council of Ophthalmology and certification from the Royal College of Ophthalmologists of Thailand. Intrarat Hospital is ISO 9001:2015 certified with a 4.7 rating and 98% patient recommendation.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital was the first AACI-accredited LASIK center in Asia. The medical team has performed 100,000+ procedures over more than 25 years. They use the VisuMax platform for ReLEx SMILE, featuring a tiny 2–4 mm incision. The laser treatment takes only about 25 seconds per eye. Most patients return to their normal activities within 2 days. The hospital follows international safety standards and provides five follow-up visits to track recovery over one year.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"SMILE Pro","why_its_ranked":"AACI-accredited LASIK center (first in Asia). Over 100,000 successful procedures. Flapless SMILE with 2-4 mm incision reduces dry eye risk. Latest VisuMax 800 laser – only 8 seconds per eye."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":4140,"price_to":4140,"currency":"USD","id":59776},"operation":{"id":481,"name":"ReLEx SMILE eye surgery","alias":"relex-smile"}},{"prices":{"price_from":70,"price_to":70,"currency":"USD","id":64969},"diagnostic":{"id":363,"name":"Cataract diagnostic before OP","alias":"cataract-diagnostic-before-op"}},{"prices":{"price_from":60,"price_to":60,"currency":"USD","id":59384},"diagnostic":{"id":182,"name":"Consultation with an ophthalmologist","alias":"consultation-ophthalmologist"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":7154,"alias":"laser-vision-at-bangkok-eye-hospital","name":"Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital","short_description":"Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
Bumrungrad International Hospital is a globally recognized facility treating over 1 million patients annually, including many international patients. The clinic's ophthalmology department performs ReLEx SMILE eye surgery with costs around $2,980–$4,700. Dr. Manchima Makornwattana, an experienced ophthalmologist, provides specialized care in vision correction procedures.
Bumrungrad International Hospital is one of Southeast Asia's largest private medical centers. Over one million patients choose it each year, including a 50% international mix from 190+ countries. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, neurosciences, and health screenings.
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Anun Vongthongsri has performed 100,000+ procedures over more than 25 years. This clinic was the first in Asia to achieve AACI accreditation for specialized eye care. FemtoLASIK typically costs around $2,300, which generally covers the evaluation, follow-up visits, and home care supplies. For advanced options, the SMILE Pro 2.0 package is around $2,700 and may include a hotel stay. The facility uses robotic diagnostics and VisuMax 800 technology for fast recovery.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"SMILE Pro, NanoRelex, FemtoLASIK, PresbyLASIK","why_its_ranked":"First AACI-accredited LASIK center in Asia – 100,000+ procedures. SMILE Pro uses 8-second laser and AI navigation for faster recovery with less dry eye."},"additional_data":{"advertising_id":"7154:illness_kind:15"},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":2950,"price_to":2950,"currency":"USD","id":60407},"operation":{"id":480,"name":"LASIK eye surgery","alias":"ilasik"}},{"prices":{"price_from":60,"price_to":60,"currency":"USD","id":59384},"diagnostic":{"id":182,"name":"Consultation with an ophthalmologist","alias":"consultation-ophthalmologist"}},{"prices":{"price_from":70,"price_to":70,"currency":"USD","id":64969},"diagnostic":{"id":363,"name":"Cataract diagnostic before OP","alias":"cataract-diagnostic-before-op"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":7154,"alias":"laser-vision-at-bangkok-eye-hospital","name":"Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital","short_description":"Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
The first ophthalmologist from South East Asia invited to Project ORBIS International. Dr. Chansue specializes in ReLEx SMILE eye surgery at TRSC International Eye and Vision Center.
Dr. Ekktet Chansue is the pioneer of LASIK and ReLEx eye surgery in Thailand. He serves as the Medical Director at TRSC International Eye and Vision Center. Dr. Chansue was the first Southeast Asian ophthalmologist invited to Project ORBIS International. He completed a clinical fellowship in cornea and external disease at Washington University.
TRSC International Eye and Vision Center is a private single-specialty clinic in Bangkok, Thailand. It has restored eyesight in over 100,000 eyes. The clinic specializes in ophthalmology, LASIK, and ReLEx SMILE.
Leading expert in ReLEx SMILE eye surgery – Dr. Naripthaphan served as Chief of Refractive Surgeries at Rajvithi Hospital.
Dr. Pichit Naripthaphan is an ophthalmologist at TRSC International Eye and Vision Center in Bangkok. He is the President of the Cataract and Refractive Surgery Club of Thailand. Dr. Naripthaphan specializes in vision correction, including LASIK, ReLEx SMILE, and cataract surgery. He holds a certificate in refractive surgery from Atlanta, Georgia.
TRSC International Eye and Vision Center is a private single-specialty clinic in Bangkok, Thailand. It has restored eyesight in over 100,000 eyes. The clinic specializes in ophthalmology, LASIK, and ReLEx SMILE.
Specializes in ReLEx SMILE eye surgery at TRSC International Eye and Vision Center – a leading refractive surgery clinic in Thailand.
Dr. Chonthicha Charumalai is a refractive surgery specialist at TRSC International Eye and Vision Center in Bangkok. She focuses on cornea diseases and vision correction procedures. She holds a clinical fellowship in cornea and refractive surgery from Chulalongkorn University. Dr. Charumalai treats patients at an ISO 9001:2015 certified facility.
TRSC International Eye and Vision Center is a private single-specialty clinic in Bangkok, Thailand. It has restored eyesight in over 100,000 eyes. The clinic specializes in ophthalmology, LASIK, and ReLEx SMILE.
Dr. Thammikasakul specializes in corneal and refractive surgery, trained with a sub-board fellowship at Khonkaen University.
Dr. Theppachai Thammikasakul is an ophthalmologist at Intrarat Hospital in Bangkok. He completed a fellowship in corneal and refractive surgery at Khon Kaen University. Dr. Thammikasakul focuses on vision correction and complex corneal conditions. He treats patients at an ISO 9001-certified facility that manages 100,000 cases annually.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
Dr. Ponpawee Jindarak specializes in ophthalmology with an International Clinical Fellowship in Glaucoma from the University of Illinois.
Dr. Ponpawee Jindarak is an ophthalmologist at Intrarat Hospital in Bangkok. She completed an international clinical fellowship in glaucoma in the United States. This training took place at the Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary in Chicago. Dr. Jindarak specializes in diagnosing and treating complex vision conditions and eye diseases.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
Dr. Sumet Supalaset trained at top institutions worldwide, including UCLA and Kyoto, specializing in advanced refractive surgeries like ReLEx SMILE.
Dr. Sumet Supalaset is an expert ophthalmologist at Intrarat Hospital in Bangkok. He specializes in cornea and refractive surgery. He completed observership training at UCLA. Dr. Supalaset graduated with honors from Chulalongkorn University. He treats complex eye conditions like keratoconus and glaucoma.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
Performed thousands of refractive surgeries – Dr. Vongthongsri pioneered ReLEx SMILE in Thailand and trains other surgeons at Ramathibodi Hospital.
Dr. Anun Vongthongsri is a ophthalmologist at Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital. He is the first Thai doctor certified in refractive surgery. He has performed thousands of LASIK and surface laser procedures. Dr. Vongthongsri specializes in cornea, external disease, and refractive surgery.
Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
One of Thailand's leading refractive surgery experts, Dr. Vivat has performed over _doctor_10782_years_ of vision correction procedures at top hospitals.
Dr. Vivat Komolsuradej is an ophthalmologist at Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital. He is a recognized expert in Thailand for refractive error correction. He treats complex eye conditions like cataracts and keratoconus. Dr. Komolsuradej previously headed the Ophthalmology Specialty Medical Center. He also led the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit at Mettapracharak Hospital.
Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
Dr. Wiwan Sansanayudh trained at top international centers for cornea and refractive surgery, bringing global expertise to ReLEx SMILE procedures.
Dr. Wiwan Sansanayudh is a corneal surgeon at Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital. She completed a clinical fellowship in cornea and refractive surgery at Toronto Western Hospital. Dr. Sansanayudh also held fellowships at UCSF and Mahidol University. She is on the faculty at Phramongkutklao Hospital. Her expertise includes latest corneal procedures and laser vision correction.
Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
Specialist in cornea transplant – Dr. Teeravee Hongyok brings precision to ReLEx SMILE eye surgery at Bumrungrad International Hospital.
The doctor is an ophthalmologist specializing in cornea transplants. With extensive experience in the field, the doctor has performed numerous successful corneal surgeries, contributing significantly to advancements in ophthalmic procedures. The doctor is known for expertise in both traditional and innovative corneal transplant techniques, offering patients improved visual outcomes.
","statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":250,"alias":"bumrungrad-international-hospital","name":"Bumrungrad International Hospital","short_description":"Bumrungrad International Hospital is one of Southeast Asia's largest private medical centers. Over one million patients choose it each year, including a 50% international mix from 190+ countries. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, neurosciences, and health screenings.
The doctor is a highly experienced ophthalmologist specializing in advanced cataract surgery and refractive procedures. With over 20 years of clinical practice, the doctor has performed thousands of successful eye surgeries, contributing to significant improvements in patients' vision and quality of life. The doctor is board-certified and has been recognized for excellence in patient care and innovative surgical techniques. Additionally, the doctor is actively involved in clinical research, focusing on the development of new treatments for age-related macular degeneration.
","statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":250,"alias":"bumrungrad-international-hospital","name":"Bumrungrad International Hospital","short_description":"Bumrungrad International Hospital is one of Southeast Asia's largest private medical centers. Over one million patients choose it each year, including a 50% international mix from 190+ countries. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, neurosciences, and health screenings.
Dr. Sasi Yaisawang is an ophthalmologist at Intrarat Hospital in Bangkok. She is a Fellow of the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO). Dr. Yaisawang earned her medical degree with first-class honors from Chulalongkorn University. She performs LASIK eye surgery and other corrective vision procedures.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
ReLEx SMILE's flapless technique takes just 8-10 seconds per eye for rapid recovery. Dr. Sasi Yaisawang, a cornea specialist certified by RCOPT, has performed 900+ of these treatments at Intrarat Hospital. The ISO 9001:2015 certified clinic holds a 98% patient recommendation rate. For approximately _offer_price_, the package includes a video or text consultation after a detailed examination to create a personalized plan.
","clinic_entity_text":"Dr. Sasi Yaisawang has performed 900+ ReLEx SMILE procedures over _doctor_9190_years_, specializing in cornea and refractive surgery. The surgery may cost around $4,546, typically covering the procedure, 1-day hospital stay, and personalized treatment plan. Dr. Yaisawang holds a fellowship from the International Council of Ophthalmology and certification from the Royal College of Ophthalmologists of Thailand. Intrarat Hospital is ISO 9001:2015 certified with a 4.7 rating and 98% patient recommendation.
Dr. Sasi Yaisawang is an ophthalmologist at Intrarat Hospital in Bangkok. She is a Fellow of the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO). Dr. Yaisawang earned her medical degree with first-class honors from Chulalongkorn University. She performs LASIK eye surgery and other corrective vision procedures.
Intrarat Hospital is an ISO 9001:2015-certified hospital in Bangkok. It treats 100,000 patients each year across its main specialties. The hospital focuses on orthopedics, internal medicine, cardiology, and pediatrics.
Dr. Anun Vongthongsri has performed 900+ laser eye procedures with _doctor_10780_years_' experience, including pioneering LASIK in Thailand. The clinic offers NanoRelex®, NanoLASIK, or SMILE Pro™ treatments, which may cost around $4,628 – typically covering the surgery, pre-op consultation, and comprehensive exam. Dr. Vongthongsri completed a fellowship at Washington University Eye Center, and the AACI-accredited clinic maintains international quality standards.
Dr. Vivat Komolsuradej is an ophthalmologist at Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital. He is a recognized expert in Thailand for refractive error correction. He treats complex eye conditions like cataracts and keratoconus. Dr. Komolsuradej previously headed the Ophthalmology Specialty Medical Center. He also led the Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit at Mettapracharak Hospital.
Laser Vision at Bangkok Eye Hospital is an AACI-accredited eye hospital with over 100,000 successful surgeries. It specializes in LASIK, cataract, glaucoma, retina, and pediatric eye care. The hospital follows a Smart Hospital model with AI and robotic diagnostics.
The procedure corrects vision by reshaping the cornea using a laser, offering quick, painless, permanent results.
"},"481":{"operation":{"name":"ReLEx SMILE eye surgery","alias":"relex-smile","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":3800,"max_amount":5200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1000,"max_amount":2500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":13,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2400,"max_amount":3200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":3600,"max_amount":5000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"UA":false,"FR":true,"GB":false,"US":false,"IL":false,"TR":true,"MX":false,"DE":true,"CA":false,"AE":false,"TH":true,"PL":false,"KR":true,"CZ":false,"AT":false,"ES":false,"IT":false,"CN":false,"AU":false,"IN":false,"MY":false,"VN":false,"BR":false,"AZ":true,"XK":true},"description":"The operation corrects vision errors using a laser, making a small incision, thus ensuring a faster recovery.
"},"482":{"operation":{"name":"IntraLase Laser Eye Surgery","alias":"intralase-surgery","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":3600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":750,"max_amount":1600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":10,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":4500,"max_amount":5000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2900,"max_amount":4200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false},"description":"The procedure uses ultra-precise lasers for vision correction, offering blade-free, highly detailed sculpting of the cornea.
"},"484":{"operation":{"name":"Photorefractive keratectomy","alias":"prk-wavefront","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2400,"max_amount":4000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":660,"max_amount":1700,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1200,"max_amount":1900,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2700,"max_amount":4500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false},"description":"The procedure corrects vision by reshaping the cornea, promoting swift recovery and lasting results with laser precision.
"},"625":{"operation":{"name":"Macular dystrophy treatment ","alias":"macular-dystrophy-treatment","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":4500,"max_amount":11000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":4000,"max_amount":5000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":3400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":4200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false},"description":"This therapy aims to slow vision loss, it involves dietary adjustments, vitamins, and possibly injections into the eye.
"},"665":{"operation":{"name":"Laser eye surgery","alias":"laser-eye-surgery","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2400,"max_amount":4200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":800,"max_amount":2600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":20,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":2800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":3,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2800,"max_amount":4300,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false},"description":"This procedure reshapes the cornea to improve vision, using laser. It\"s a non-invasive, quick, painless method with fast recovery.
"},"666":{"operation":{"name":"LASEK eye surgery","alias":"lasek-eye-surgery","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":3000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":800,"max_amount":1500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":13,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1600,"max_amount":2300,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2200,"max_amount":3400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false},"description":"This operation reshapes the cornea using a laser to improve vision. Almost painless with fast recovery.
"},"732":{"operation":{"name":"Femtosecond laser","alias":"femtosecond-laser","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":3600,"max_amount":5200,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":770,"max_amount":2600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":2,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":3200,"max_amount":3800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2600,"max_amount":3900,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false},"description":"This therapy uses ultrafast pulsating light to precisely shape the cornea, improving vision with utmost accuracy.
"},"1758":{"operation":{"name":"Femto LASIK (Femtosecond laser LASIK)","alias":"femto-lasik-femtosecond-laser-lasik","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":2400,"max_amount":3800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1500,"max_amount":2100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":5,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":4400,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2300,"max_amount":3500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false}}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"local","days_in_clinic":1,"days_in_country":1,"rehabilitation_days":1,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":0},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":15215}},"direction":{"id":15,"name":"Ophthalmology","alias":"ophthalmology"},"illness_kind":{"id":15,"name":{"en":"Ophthalmology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["topical"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Both eyes treated in one session; desk work resumes once vision is comfortable and the surgeon agrees."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":0.1,"max":1,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Serious vision-threatening events only: lost corrected acuity lines, infectious keratitis, ectasia. Minor intraoperative events and dry eye excluded."},"contraindications":["Unstable refraction (changing prescription in the past year)","Keratoconus or other corneal ectasia / suspicious topography","Corneal thickness insufficient for planned residual stromal bed","Refractive error outside treatable range (high myopia, significant hyperopia)","Significant active dry eye or ocular surface disease","Active eye infection or inflammation (e.g. herpetic keratitis, uveitis)","Uncontrolled glaucoma or advanced retinal disease","Pregnancy or breastfeeding (relative; refraction may be unstable)","Uncontrolled autoimmune or connective tissue disease (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Same-day procedure on both eyes; no overnight stay."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":1,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light exercise after about a week; contact sports, swimming and dusty or sweaty environments wait longer."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Vision is usable within days; stabilization of sharpness and dry-eye symptoms typically takes weeks to a few months."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Same-day surgery with day-1 check; flying allowed once eyes are quiet, typically 1–7 days."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"First postoperative day check."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early review of vision and eye surface."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"One- to three-month review of refraction and corneal status."}}],"indications":["Myopia with stable refraction","Myopic astigmatism"],"main_risks":["Dry eye symptoms","Glare, halos and night-vision disturbance","Under- or overcorrection requiring enhancement","Residual refractive error or regression","Light sensitivity and fluctuating vision early on","Interface complications (e.g. lenticule tear, difficult extraction)","Infection or inflammation (rare)","Corneal ectasia (rare)","Loss of best-corrected vision (very rare)"],"pain":"Numbing drops prevent pain during surgery; pressure sensation is common. Mild burning, grittiness and watering for several hours afterwards, usually controlled with lubricants or simple analgesics.","preparation":["Comprehensive eye exam with corneal topography/tomography, pachymetry and refraction","Stop wearing contact lenses as the clinic advises","Avoid makeup, creams and perfume on the day of surgery","Arrange transport home and someone to accompany you","Discuss expectations, risks and alternatives (LASIK, PRK, lenses)"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First day","description":"Blurry, light-sensitive vision with watering; rest and prescribed drops; check the next day.","restrictions":["No eye rubbing","Wear protective shields as advised","No driving until cleared"]},{"phase":"Days 2-7","description":"Vision clears quickly; mild dryness; return to desk work and light activity.","restrictions":["No eye makeup","Avoid swimming and water in the eyes","Avoid dusty environments"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-4","description":"Visual quality improves; continue lubricants; gradual return to sports.","restrictions":["Avoid contact sports and hot tubs until cleared"]},{"phase":"Months 1-3","description":"Vision stabilizes and dryness resolves in most patients; final refraction review.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Vision is usable from day 1; daily activities resume in 1–3 days. Dry eye may linger for weeks."},"result_longevity":"Corneal reshaping is permanent, but natural eye changes, regression or presbyopia later in life can alter vision over time.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":5,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing an enhancement within about 1–3 years of primary SMILE. Higher in high myopia or astigmatism."},"scars":"Small incision of roughly 2-4 mm at the corneal edge for lenticule extraction; typically not visible and no sutures.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single treatment session, both eyes treated the same day."},"stages":[{"code":"smile_both_eyes","label":"Femtosecond lenticule creation and extraction in both eyes","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of the procedure."}}],"qualifier":"Routine follow-up checks are excluded from treatment sessions."},"success":{"metric":"Uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better","value":85,"unit":"percent of eyes","horizon":"6–12 months","evidence_status":"limited","population":"Adults after primary SMILE for myopia with or without astigmatism"},"techniques":[{"name":"SMILE (small incision lenticule extraction)","suits_whom":"Adults with stable myopia with or without astigmatism and adequate corneal 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