Forty percent of international medical tourists pick Bangkok Hospital Pattaya. It treats over 400,000 patients yearly from 150 countries and holds JCI accreditation. Part of the Bangkok Dusit Medical Services group, its top specialties are cardiology and cosmetic surgery.
Forty percent of international medical tourists pick Bangkok Hospital Pattaya. It treats over 400,000 patients yearly from 150 countries and holds JCI accreditation. Part of the Bangkok Dusit Medical Services group, its top specialties are cardiology and cosmetic surgery.
This surgery reroutes blood around a blocked artery in the leg, improving circulation and reducing pain.
"},"637":{"operation":{"name":"Carotid endarterectomy","alias":"carotid-endarterectomy","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":22000,"max_amount":38000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":6000,"max_amount":7500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":10500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":12000,"max_amount":19000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false},"description":"The surgery removes plaque from the carotid artery, preventing strokes, and improving blood flow to the brain.
"},"744":{"operation":{"name":"Embolization of varicocele","alias":"embolization-of-varicocele","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":14000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1500,"max_amount":2800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2600,"max_amount":4300,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":3200,"max_amount":4900,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false},"description":"This therapy treats enlarged veins in the scrotum by blocking blood flow, using coils or agents, in a minimally invasive way.
"},"745":{"operation":{"name":"Microsurgical intervention for Varicocele","alias":"microsurgical-intervention-for-varicocele","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":6000,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":2500,"max_amount":2600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":4,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":8600,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"offer","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2500,"max_amount":4500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"UA":true,"FR":false,"GB":false,"US":false,"IL":false,"TR":true,"MX":true,"DE":false,"CA":false,"AE":false,"TH":true,"PL":true,"KR":true,"CZ":false,"AT":false,"ES":true,"IT":false,"CN":false,"AU":false,"IN":true,"MY":false,"VN":false,"BR":false,"LT":true},"description":"This procedure treats varicose veins in the scrotum, using a microscope for precision, boosting fertility and reducing pain.
"},"1052":{"operation":{"name":"Varicocelectomy","alias":"varicocelectomy","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":5000,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":5100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":14,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":8600,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"offer","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":3600,"max_amount":5800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false},"description":"This surgery treats swollen veins in a man\"s scrotum, improving fertility and relieving pain, with minimum post-op discomfort.
"}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"general","days_in_clinic":1,"days_in_country":3,"rehabilitation_days":7,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":2},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":10917}},"direction":{"id":16,"name":"Urology","alias":"urology"},"illness_kind":{"id":16,"name":{"en":"Urology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":3,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk or light work after uncomplicated unilateral or bilateral microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy; physical labor usually needs longer."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":8,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days (hematoma, swelling, infection, hydrocele); serious ones under 1%"},"contraindications":["Active local or systemic infection","Uncorrected bleeding disorder or inability to stop anticoagulation when required","Unfitness for anesthesia","Prior extensive inguinal/scrotal surgery or scarring (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge after uncomplicated surgery."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light activity such as walking earlier; strenuous exercise and heavy lifting typically resumed after surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Semen parameter improvement, if it occurs, is usually assessed about 3-6 months after surgery; improvement and fertility outcomes vary."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After wound check and surgeon clearance; longer if scrotal swelling, hematoma or pain persists. Short flights are usually tolerated."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early wound check before flying home."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Repeat semen analysis for fertility indication, counted from surgery."}}],"indications":["Clinical varicocele with abnormal semen and infertility or conception attempts","Painful varicocele unresponsive to conservative measures","Testicular hypotrophy or progressive semen deterioration in adults"],"main_risks":["Hydrocele","Recurrence or persistent varicocele","Wound hematoma or scrotal swelling","Infection","Testicular artery injury, rarely causing atrophy","Persistent pain or numbness","Anesthesia-related risks"],"pain":"Mild to moderate incisional and scrotal discomfort for several days, usually controlled with oral analgesics.","preparation":["Urological assessment: scrotal Doppler ultrasound, plus semen analysis if fertility-related","Anesthesia assessment and routine fitness checks","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team","Review of medications with the surgeon or anesthesiologist","Arrange transport home and scrotal support"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First 48 hours","description":"Rest at home, ice packs, scrotal support, oral analgesia; some swelling and bruising expected.","restrictions":["No driving after general anesthesia for at least 24 hours","Avoid heavy lifting"]},{"phase":"Days 3-7","description":"Gradual return to light daily activity and desk work as comfort allows.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous activity","Keep wound clean and dry as instructed"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-4","description":"Swelling settles; progressive return to exercise after surgeon review.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and intense exercise until cleared"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":5,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery for daily activities after uncomplicated surgery; no formal rehabilitation program."},"result_longevity":"Vein ligation is usually permanent, with recurrence uncommon (about 1-2% with microsurgery). Semen improvement, if it occurs, typically persists long term, varying with baseline testicular function and age.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Recurrent or persistent varicocele needing repeat treatment after microsurgical repair"},"scars":"Small incision (about 2-3 cm) in the groin (subinguinal), usually healing to a discreet scar.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation; bilateral cases are done in the same session."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Microsurgical varicocelectomy","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of procedure."}}],"qualifier":"One-stage procedure; follow-up checks are not treatment sessions."},"success":{"metric":"Improvement in semen parameters (concentration or motility)","value":65,"unit":"percent of patients","horizon":"3-6 months after surgery","population":"Adult men with clinical varicocele and abnormal semen parameters with infertility","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy","suits_whom":"Adult men with clinical varicocele and fertility or pain indication","recovery":"Usually same-day discharge; light activity within days, strenuous exercise after 2-4 weeks."},{"name":"Microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy","suits_whom":"Adult men with clinical varicocele; sometimes chosen when several veins need ligation","recovery":"Similar to subinguinal approach, sometimes slightly more discomfort."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for unilateral to bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Scrotal Doppler ultrasound report","Recent semen analysis report","Urologist examination report with varicocele grade","Hormone panel report","List of blood thinners"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay 2-4 days including pre-op exam and wound check. Semen analysis follow-up is done at home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask for certification information and the name of the body that certified the surgical setting","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Ask for certification information and the name of the certifying body when assessing a surgical setting.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that the surgeon who consults with you is the same person who will carry out the procedure","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Check that the surgeon you consult with, will be the same person carrying out the procedure.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Ask whether a doctor is always present in the clinic and whether a high dependency or intensive care unit exists","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.bapras.org.uk/public/patient-information/cosmetic-surgery/cosmetic-surgery-abroad","host":"bapras.org.uk","quote":"Is there always a doctor in the clinic and is there a high dependency or intensive care unit?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Ask whether the surgeon and the facility use a surgical safety checklist, which can reduce complications","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Do the surgeon and his/her facility use a safety checklist?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Any advert or information that guarantees complete success should raise concerns.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Forceful persuasion or cheap, time-limited offers pushing you into a quick decision","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelaware.campaign.gov.uk/surgery-abroad-cut-out-the-risk/","host":"travelaware.campaign.gov.uk","quote":"Don’t be pressured into quick decisions either through forceful persuasion or cheap, time limited offers.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"A price that sounds too good to be true probably is","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/articles/will-economic-uncertainty-drive-more-patients-overseas-for-plastic-surgery-what-to-consider-and-how-to-stretch-your-dollar-back-home","host":"plasticsurgery.org","quote":"If the price sounds too good to be true, it probably is.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Heavy bleeding at your incision sites","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Heavy bleeding at your incision sites","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Discolored drainage from your incisions","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Discolored drainage from your incisions","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Bad odor around the surgical site","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Bad odor around the surgical site","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Skin separation at your stitches","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Skin separation at your stitches","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W5","text":"Fever, chills, or headache","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":true,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"- Signs of infection, including a fever of 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) or higher, chills or a headache","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your varicocele doesn't bother you or affect fertility","name":"No treatment","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"You may not need treatment if your varicocele doesn’t bother you or cause fertility issues.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You have symptoms during exercise or long periods of standing","name":"Supportive underwear","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Wearing tighter-fitting underwear (like spandex or elastane) or a jockstrap while exercising or standing for long periods can ease symptoms.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your varicocele causes scrotal pain or discomfort","name":"Ice packs","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15239-varicocele","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Applying ice or cold packs to your scrotum may help relieve pain and discomfort.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"microsurgical-subinguinal","name":"Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","label":"1–2 days","source":{"url":"https://healthcare.utah.edu/mens-health/conditions/varicocele","host":"healthcare.utah.edu","quote":"Most people resume their usual activities in 1–2 days.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}},{"id":"microsurgical-inguinal","name":"Microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy","how_it_works":{"text":"The surgeon makes tiny incisions in a slightly higher groin area","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24234-varicocelectomy","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The surgeon makes a few tiny incisions in a slightly higher area of your groin.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"event":"back_to_daily_activities","min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","label":"1–2 days","source":{"url":"https://healthcare.utah.edu/mens-health/conditions/varicocele","host":"healthcare.utah.edu","quote":"Most people resume their usual activities in 1–2 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