{"key":"op_1487_TH","page":{"url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=thailand/procedure=stem-cell-treatment-for-azoospermia/","procedure":{"id":1487,"slug":"stem-cell-treatment-for-azoospermia","name":"Stem cell treatment for azoospermia","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"therapy","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"stem-cells","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":45,"iso":"TH","name":"Thailand"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-14"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=thailand/procedure=stem-cell-treatment-for-azoospermia/","cost_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=thailand/procedure=stem-cell-treatment-for-azoospermia/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":500,"to":12500,"avg":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"us":{"from":9000,"to":20000},"uk":{"from":9500,"to":17500},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Bangkok","from":500},{"city":"Chiang Mai","from":4500},{"city":"Phuket","from":6500},{"city":"Pattaya","from":6500}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":4500,"to":8500},{"country_iso":"FR","from":6500,"to":11000},{"country_iso":"GB","from":9500,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"US","from":9000,"to":20000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":7500,"to":12000},{"country_iso":"TR","from":3500,"to":6500},{"country_iso":"MX","from":6500,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"DE","from":6500,"to":13000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":8500,"to":17000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":9000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"PL","from":4500,"to":7800},{"country_iso":"KR","from":9000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":4500,"to":8000},{"country_iso":"AT","from":15000,"to":25000},{"country_iso":"ES","from":4500,"to":8000},{"country_iso":"IT","from":5500,"to":9800},{"country_iso":"CN","from":9000,"to":20000},{"country_iso":"AU","from":9000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":3800,"to":7500},{"country_iso":"MY","from":6500,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"VN","from":4500,"to":7500},{"country_iso":"BR","from":6500,"to":11000}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":94,"variant":"ranges_overlap"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":6,"items":[{"id":6320,"name":"Panacee Hospital Rama 2 - Integrative Chronic Disease & Regenerative Center","city":"Bangkok","rating":5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8376,"name":"Inspire IVF Clinic","city":"Bangkok","rating":4,"reviews_count":1,"accreditations":["TEMOS International Healthcare Accreditation","ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems","European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","Global Healthcare Accreditation Program","American Accreditation Commission International"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":5217,"name":"Menhance Clinic","city":"Bangkok","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":3,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":6041,"name":"R3 Life Wellness Center","city":"Bangkok","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":4,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":6254,"name":"The Demarest Clinic","city":"Phuket","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":5,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8301,"name":"Chincheewa Healthcare Clinic","city":"Bangkok","rating":5,"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":6,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":2,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":75,"slug":"bangkok","name":"Bangkok","clinics_count":1,"price_from":500,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Thailand","access":["Suvarnabhumi Airport (BKK), 25 km from downtown Bangkok","Don Mueang Airport (DMK), 23 km from the Grand Palace"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvarnabhumi_Airport","https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/asia/thailand/bangkok/bangkok-don-mueang-international-airport/"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":420,"slug":"chiang-mai","name":"Chiang Mai","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":4500,"profile":{"city_type":"Largest city in northern Thailand","access":["Chiang Mai Airport (CNX), 4 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Mai","https://www.worldtravelguide.net/guides/asia/thailand/chiang-mai/chiang-mai-international-airport/"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":362,"slug":"phuket","name":"Phuket","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":6500,"profile":{"city_type":"Island city, capital of Phuket province","access":["Phuket Airport (HKT), 32 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_City","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phuket_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":367,"slug":"pattaya","name":"Pattaya","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":6500,"profile":{"city_type":"City in Eastern Thailand, Chonburi province","access":["U-Tapao Airport (UTP), 50 km from Pattaya's Walking Street","Suvarnabhumi Airport (BKK), 120 km from Pattaya by road"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattaya","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-Tapao_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Non-obstructive azoospermia"],"contraindications":["Obstructive azoospermia amenable to standard surgery","Active genital or systemic infection","Bleeding disorders or anticoagulant use","Known malignancy, including testicular cancer","Genetic causes such as AZFa/AZFb complete deletions","Uncontrolled systemic illness","Allergy to anesthetic agents"],"operation_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Includes cell harvest, processing and injection; varies with cell source."},"anesthesia":["local_sedation"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single injection typical; some protocols repeat the injection."},"stages":[{"code":"cell_collection","label":"Cell collection and processing","after":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Harvest and preparation of cells."}},{"code":"cell_injection","label":"Intratesticular cell injection","after":{"min":0,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Often same day or after short processing."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone protocol of collection followed by injection, usually within one trip."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge after harvest and injection; one night if sedation recovery requires."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":3,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to ordinary daily function once scrotal soreness settles."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After clinician check for scrotal swelling, bleeding or infection signs."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":2,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Depends on whether cell harvest is needed and on the intratesticular injection route."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous exercise and cycling resume once scrotal tenderness settles."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Spermatogenesis cycle takes about 74 days; semen reassessed at 3-6 months; benefit unproven."},"result_longevity":"Not established; any effect on sperm production is unproven and durability is unknown.","main_risks":["Bleeding, infection, pain, testicular injury or inflammation.","Cell-source risks: immune reaction, contamination, abnormal cell growth."],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Minor events such as scrotal pain, swelling, hematoma or infection within 30 days."},"revision_rate_pct":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"success":{"metric":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"value":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"horizon":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"not_proven"},"scars":"Small puncture or incision marks at injection, harvest or biopsy sites.","pain":"Mild to moderate scrotal or harvest-site discomfort for 2-3 days, usually controlled with simple oral analgesics.","preparation":["Review semen, hormone and biopsy reports","Confirm karyotype and Y-microdeletion results","Screen for infection","Stop blood thinners as advised","Fast if sedation is used","Arrange accompanied transport after procedure"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day 0-3","description":"Mild scrotal soreness and swelling at injection or harvest sites.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting","Wear supportive underwear"]},{"phase":"Week 1-2","description":"Discomfort resolves; return to normal daily activity.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise","Avoid ejaculation for several days if advised"]},{"phase":"Month 3-6","description":"Semen analysis to assess any change in sperm production.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":3,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check of harvest and injection sites; can be remote."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Repeat semen analysis and hormone tests, often done locally."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check that the stem cell product is proven safe and effective for its intended use before it is marketed or used in standard care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Stem cells, cells, and tissues that are substantially manipulated or used in a non-homologous manner must be proven safe and effective for the intended use before being marketed to patients or incorporated into standard clinical care.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that the clinic has a compelling scientific rationale and a plausible mechanism of action for the intervention","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Clinical experimentation is burdensome for research subjects and expensive; therefore, new interventions should only advance to clinical trials when there is a compelling scientific rationale, a plausible mechanism of action, and an acceptable chance of success.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that donor screening includes a medical examination, donor history and blood testing","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Donor screening should include medical examination, collection of donor history and blood testing.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you receive accurate information on risks, limitations, possible benefits and alternatives before treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"The provision of accurate information on risks, limitations, possible benefits, and available alternatives to patients is essential in the delivery of healthcare.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you are advised to consult medical professionals directly familiar with your individual case","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Provision of clinical information, including recommendations on use, should center on the importance of consultation with medical professionals directly familiar with the individual patient’s case, and the seeking of independent expert opinion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how the cells will be administered, including accompanying drugs, agents, and surgical procedures","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Description of how the cells will be administered, including adjuvant drugs, agents, and surgical procedures.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advertisement calls the treatment curative without evidence of complete or permanent relief","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Language suggesting that novel interventions are “curative” should be avoided in the absence of evidence of complete or permanent relief of a disease or condition.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"An advertisement relies on patient testimonials to suggest effectiveness that has not been established","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"The use of patient anecdotes, testimonials or other language that could be construed as promotional, promissory, or suggestive of clinical effectiveness in reference to stem cell-based interventions for which efficacy has not been established is to be avoided.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"The clinic does not explain why the intervention should be attempted instead of existing treatments","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Explanation of why the proposed stem cell-based intervention should be attempted rather than existing treatments.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-02-12"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"therapy","fields":{"anesthesia":["local_sedation"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":2,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Depends on whether cell harvest is needed and on the intratesticular injection route."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":2,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Minor events such as scrotal pain, swelling, hematoma or infection within 30 days."},"contraindications":["Obstructive azoospermia amenable to standard surgery","Active genital or systemic infection","Bleeding disorders or anticoagulant use","Known malignancy, including testicular cancer","Genetic causes such as AZFa/AZFb complete deletions","Uncontrolled systemic illness","Allergy to anesthetic agents"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge after harvest and injection; one night if sedation recovery requires."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous exercise and cycling resume once scrotal tenderness settles."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Spermatogenesis cycle takes about 74 days; semen reassessed at 3-6 months; benefit unproven."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After clinician check for scrotal swelling, bleeding or infection signs."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","after":{"min":3,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check of harvest and injection sites; can be remote."},"requirement":"routine"},{"purpose":"result_review","after":{"min":90,"max":180,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Repeat semen analysis and hormone tests, often done locally."},"requirement":"routine"}],"indications":["Non-obstructive azoospermia"],"main_risks":["Bleeding, infection, pain, testicular injury or inflammation.","Cell-source risks: immune reaction, contamination, abnormal cell growth."],"pain":"Mild to moderate scrotal or harvest-site discomfort for 2-3 days, usually controlled with simple oral analgesics.","preparation":["Review semen, hormone and biopsy reports","Confirm karyotype and Y-microdeletion results","Screen for infection","Stop blood thinners as advised","Fast if sedation is used","Arrange accompanied transport after procedure"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day 0-3","description":"Mild scrotal soreness and swelling at injection or harvest sites.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting","Wear supportive underwear"]},{"phase":"Week 1-2","description":"Discomfort resolves; return to normal daily activity.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise","Avoid ejaculation for several days if advised"]},{"phase":"Month 3-6","description":"Semen analysis to assess any change in sperm production.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":3,"max":7,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to ordinary daily function once scrotal soreness settles."},"result_longevity":"Not established; any effect on sperm production is unproven and durability is unknown.","revision_rate_pct":null,"scars":"Small puncture or incision marks at injection, harvest or biopsy sites.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":2,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single injection typical; some protocols repeat the injection."},"stages":[{"code":"cell_collection","label":"Cell collection and processing","after":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Harvest and preparation of cells."}},{"code":"cell_injection","label":"Intratesticular cell injection","after":{"min":0,"max":3,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Often same day or after short processing."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone protocol of collection followed by injection, usually within one trip."},"success":{"metric":null,"value":null,"unit":null,"horizon":null,"population":"Adult men with non-obstructive azoospermia","evidence_status":"not_proven"},"techniques":[{"name":"Autologous bone marrow-derived cell injection","suits_whom":"Men with non-obstructive azoospermia in experimental protocols","recovery":"Marrow harvest site and scrotal soreness for several days."},{"name":"Adipose-derived stem cell injection","suits_whom":"Men with non-obstructive azoospermia in experimental protocols","recovery":"Liposuction site bruising for about a week."},{"name":"Testicular spermatogonial stem cell approach","suits_whom":"Investigational; for selected men with testicular tissue available","recovery":"Biopsy-site tenderness for several days."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Includes cell harvest, processing and injection; varies with cell source."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Recent semen analysis reports","Testicular biopsy histology report","Hormone panel results","Karyotype report","Y-chromosome microdeletion test result","Scrotal ultrasound report"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":3,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Collection and injection can fit one 5-10 day trip; some protocols add repeat injections or semen follow-up visits."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check that the stem cell product is proven safe and effective for its intended use before it is marketed or used in standard care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Stem cells, cells, and tissues that are substantially manipulated or used in a non-homologous manner must be proven safe and effective for the intended use before being marketed to patients or incorporated into standard clinical care.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that the clinic has a compelling scientific rationale and a plausible mechanism of action for the intervention","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Clinical experimentation is burdensome for research subjects and expensive; therefore, new interventions should only advance to clinical trials when there is a compelling scientific rationale, a plausible mechanism of action, and an acceptable chance of success.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that donor screening includes a medical examination, donor history and blood testing","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Donor screening should include medical examination, collection of donor history and blood testing.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that you receive accurate information on risks, limitations, possible benefits and alternatives before treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"The provision of accurate information on risks, limitations, possible benefits, and available alternatives to patients is essential in the delivery of healthcare.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that you are advised to consult medical professionals directly familiar with your individual case","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Provision of clinical information, including recommendations on use, should center on the importance of consultation with medical professionals directly familiar with the individual patient’s case, and the seeking of independent expert opinion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how the cells will be administered, including accompanying drugs, agents, and surgical procedures","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Description of how the cells will be administered, including adjuvant drugs, agents, and surgical procedures.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"An advertisement calls the treatment curative without evidence of complete or permanent relief","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Language suggesting that novel interventions are “curative” should be avoided in the absence of evidence of complete or permanent relief of a disease or condition.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"An advertisement relies on patient testimonials to suggest effectiveness that has not been established","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/communications","host":"isscr.org","quote":"The use of patient anecdotes, testimonials or other language that could be construed as promotional, promissory, or suggestive of clinical effectiveness in reference to stem cell-based interventions for which efficacy has not been established is to be avoided.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"The clinic does not explain why the intervention should be attempted instead of existing treatments","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.isscr.org/guidelines-online/clinical-translation-of-stem-cell-based-interventions","host":"isscr.org","quote":"Explanation of why the proposed stem cell-based intervention should be attempted rather than existing treatments.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-02-12"},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your non-obstructive azoospermia may respond to hormonal therapy","name":"Hormonal therapy for azoospermia","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8451648/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"While most men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) are not amenable to medical treatment, some men can be treated effectively with hormonal therapy, prior to considering surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You want testicular sperm for assisted reproduction","name":"Sperm retrieval surgery","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8451648/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Couples with NOA can be managed by sperm retrieval (with careful surgical dissection of the testicle, preferably microscopically) to harvest testicular spermatozoa, followed by assisted reproductive technology (ART).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"autologous-bone-marrow","name":"Autologous bone marrow-derived cell injection","how_it_works":{"text":"Bone marrow-derived cells are injected to support sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"MSCs have been used in male infertility, as after injection of MSCs into a busulfan-induced azoospermic rat, complete spermatogenesis was observed, and MSCs were able to restore fertility [164,165].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"adipose-derived-stem-cell","name":"Adipose-derived stem cell injection","how_it_works":{"text":"Adipose-derived cells are injected to support impaired sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Because of the easy retrieval and extensive work with animals, there are some registered and recruiting clinical trials that use different kinds of stem cells (bone marrow-derived and adipose-derived MSCs) for treating non-obstructive azoospermia and impaired spermatogenesis in human subjects.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"testicular-spermatogonial","name":"Testicular spermatogonial stem cell approach","how_it_works":{"text":"Spermatogonial stem cells are transplanted to restore sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"SSC transplantation is a promising technique for male infertility treatment and restoration of spermatogenesis in the case of degenerative diseases such as cancer, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"autologous-bone-marrow","name":"Autologous bone marrow-derived cell injection","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Bone marrow-derived cells are injected to support sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"MSCs have been used in male infertility, as after injection of MSCs into a busulfan-induced azoospermic rat, complete spermatogenesis was observed, and MSCs were able to restore fertility [164,165].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Men with non-obstructive azoospermia in experimental protocols","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Marrow harvest site and scrotal soreness for several days."},{"id":"adipose-derived-stem-cell","name":"Adipose-derived stem cell injection","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Adipose-derived cells are injected to support impaired sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Because of the easy retrieval and extensive work with animals, there are some registered and recruiting clinical trials that use different kinds of stem cells (bone marrow-derived and adipose-derived MSCs) for treating non-obstructive azoospermia and impaired spermatogenesis in human subjects.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Men with non-obstructive azoospermia in experimental protocols","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Liposuction site bruising for about a week."},{"id":"testicular-spermatogonial","name":"Testicular spermatogonial stem cell approach","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Spermatogonial stem cells are transplanted to restore sperm production","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8304133/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"SSC transplantation is a promising technique for male infertility treatment and restoration of spermatogenesis in the case of degenerative diseases such as cancer, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Investigational; for selected men with testicular tissue available","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Biopsy-site tenderness for several days."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your non-obstructive azoospermia may respond to hormonal therapy","name":"Hormonal therapy for azoospermia","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8451648/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"While most men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) are not amenable to medical treatment, some men can be treated effectively with hormonal therapy, prior to considering surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You want testicular sperm for assisted reproduction","name":"Sperm retrieval surgery","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8451648/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Couples with NOA can be managed by sperm retrieval (with careful surgical dissection of the testicle, preferably microscopically) to harvest testicular spermatozoa, followed by assisted reproductive technology (ART).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source","checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-02-10"},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"Under Thailand's visa exemption scheme, you can stay up to 30 days for tourism only","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/thailand/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"From 15 September 2026, if you enter Thailand under the visa exemption scheme, you can stay for up to 30 days for tourism only.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. citizen tourists staying fewer than 60 days in Thailand need no visa, but must complete pre-arrival online registration","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Thailand.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"U.S. citizen tourists entering Thailand for fewer than 60 days do not require a visa but pre-arrival online registration is required.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"Your passport must expire at least 6 months after the date you arrive in Thailand and have at least 1 blank page","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/thailand/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To enter Thailand, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 6 months after the date you arrive and have at least 1 blank page.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"U.S. travelers are strongly advised to hold a passport valid at least six months beyond the arrival date in Thailand to avoid possible denied entry","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Thailand.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"We strongly recommend that your passport be valid for at least six months beyond the date of your arrival in Thailand to avoid possible denied entry.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"medicines","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Up to a 30-day supply of medicine for personal use may be brought into Thailand with you","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Thailand.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Medicine for personal use: Up to a 30-day supply may be brought into the country with you.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 1669 for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in Thailand","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Thailand.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"For emergency services in Thailand, dial 1669 for Emergency Medical Services (EMS).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["czech-republic","republic-of-korea","turkey","ukraine"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.67,"count":3,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"

In Thailand, stem cell treatment for azoospermia is listed from _op_1487_price_from_ to _op_1487_price_to_. The treatment remains experimental, and no standardized clinical price exists. Final quotes may depend on the proposed cell protocol and services included. In the US, this procedure costs _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Listings cover Bangkok and Phuket, but Bookimed data does not specify package inclusions or bundled fertility care.

\n\n

Bookimed Expert Insight. The listings point to two distinct service categories, not a confirmed stem-cell fertility package. Panacee Hospital Rama two lists regenerative medicine and peripheral blood stem cell therapy. Inspire IVF Clinic lists IVF and ICSI. Neither listing confirms a stem-cell protocol specifically for azoospermia or a package price. Patients should verify the exact treatment and written inclusions before comparing quotes.

","faq":[{"q":"What documents are required to apply for a visa to Thailand for treatment?","a":"

Visas for travel to Thailand require a number of documents. The necessary papers can be submitted 90 days before the planned departure. The list of documents includes:

"},{"q":"What is the level of medicine in Thailand?","a":"

Healthcare is the key development sector of the Thai government. The Thai authorities are convinced that care for the citizens' health should be an absolute priority of state policy and spend about 25 billion baht for healthcare annually.

As a result, 36,673 medical facilities provide excellent medical care in the country. 64 centers in the Kingdom have certificate of JCI (Joint Commission International), the international improver of healthcare quality and safety across the globe. The index of certificates obtained is the largest. To compare, Israel has 20 JCI-accredited facilities, and Germany — only 10 clinics of this type.

"},{"q":"When is the best time to travel to Thailand?","a":"

The main advantage of Thai resorts is the long beach season. On the east coast and west coast the climate features are different, so take it into account when planning the trip. The best time to travel is during the cool and dry season between November and early April. A large influx of tourists is in March-May, when the air temperature is +30°C.

"},{"q":"What should you know about Thailand before the trip?","a":"

Official name

The Kingdom of Thailand

Currency

Thai Baht (you also can pay for services in dollars)

Best period for the trip

November-early April

Language

Thai (most of medical staff speaks English fluently)

Visa

is required for a trip of 3-6 months

Time difference with Europe

7 hours

Time difference with the USA

12 hours

Capital

Bangkok

Medical tourism center

Bangkok

Popular resorts

Koh Samui, Phuket, Chiang Mai, Koh Chang, Hua Hin

"},{"q":"What hotel service is provided here?","a":"

In the Kingdom of Thailand, hotels of different price ranges and service levels are presented. The level of Thai hotels is comparable to hotels in Tunisia, Morocco or Egypt. Most tourists choose 4 and 5 star hotels with all-inclusive meals. Such hotels have everything for a comfortable stay: varied food, a large well-groomed territory, animation for children and adults. Some hotels have their own water park, which guests can use for free. Budget travelers can afford to book an economical 3-star hotel with half board or no meals at all.

"},{"q":"Do I need a visa?","a":"

For now, the Kingdom of Thailand requires different visa regimens for diverse states. Some foreigners can stay in the country 60 days without visa control, some of them — only 14 days.

How long you can stay in Thailand and what countries can cross the border easy read here.

"}],"h2":[{"text":"How it works","kind":"content"},{"text":"Stem cell treatment for azoospermia Prices by Clinic in Thailand","kind":"content"},{"text":"Thailand Stem cell treatment for azoospermia overview","kind":"content"},{"text":"How much does a Stem cell treatment for azoospermia cost in Thailand?","kind":"content"},{"text":"How to choose a Stem cell treatment for azoospermia clinic in Thailand","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover Stem cell treatment for azoospermia Clinics in Thailand","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Doctors","kind":"content"},{"text":"Why choose Thailand for a Stem cell treatment for azoospermia","kind":"content"},{"text":"Where to get a Stem cell treatment for azoospermia in Thailand","kind":"content"},{"text":"Stem cell treatment for azoospermia recovery timeline: what to expect week by week","kind":"content"},{"text":"Traveling to Thailand for a Stem cell treatment for azoospermia","kind":"content"},{"text":"Stem cell treatment for azoospermia in Thailand: Video Reviews from Bookimed Patients","kind":"content"},{"text":"Thailand Stem cell treatment for azoospermia Reviews at Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights","kind":"content"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"FAQ about Stem cell treatment for azoospermia in Thailand","kind":"content"},{"text":"Have a question about Stem cell treatment for azoospermia in Thailand?","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}