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Excludes atrial fibrillation; higher end for high-risk patients."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Repeat revascularization (PCI or redo CABG) within about 10 years; varies with conduit type and risk-factor control."},"success":{"metric":"Operative survival (30-day)","value":98,"horizon":"30 days","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"proven"},"scars":"Vertical midline sternotomy scar plus a leg or forearm harvest scar; scars fade over months but may widen or become raised.","pain":"Moderate to significant chest-wall and leg-harvest pain initially, controlled with multimodal analgesia; sternal discomfort with coughing or movement often lasts weeks.","preparation":["Coronary angiography, echocardiography, ECG and chest X-ray","Blood tests; carotid ultrasound or vein mapping when needed","Surgical and anesthesia risk evaluation","Medication review with the care team, including antiplatelet plan","Smoking cessation","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Breathing-exercise and early-mobilization teaching"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Intensive care (days 0-2)","description":"Ventilator weaning, monitoring, chest drains and pain control.","restrictions":["Assisted mobilization only"]},{"phase":"Ward stay (days 2-7 or longer)","description":"Progressive walking, breathing exercises, drain and pacing wire removal, rhythm monitoring.","restrictions":["Sternal precautions","No lifting"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-6)","description":"Increasing walking and wound care; 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accreditation does not guarantee a satisfactory outcome","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Individuals planning overseas treatment are advised to use internationally accredited clinics or hospitals, although using an accredited clinic or hospital does not guarantee a satisfactory outcome [4].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Speak directly with the professional who will carry out the treatment before travel","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Travellers should speak directly to the health professional undertaking the planned treatment before travel and check their qualifications and references independently.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated before you commit","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to make a quick decision before booking is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A consultation that does not explain risks and possible post-procedure problems is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"This consultation should provide a clear explanation of the planned treatment, including success/complication rates, potential risks and possible post-procedure problems.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Being unable to reach the operating health professional by phone or video is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"The health professional carrying procedures abroad should be available to talk to the traveller (via telephone or video call).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"Medical advice from a sales team member or travel agent is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Medical advice from an administrator, a travel agent, or member of a sales team is not acceptable.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Chest pain that does not go away","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Abdominal pain or chest pain that doesn’t go away.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Shortness of breath","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"But seek immediate medical attention if you experience: Abdominal pain or chest pain that doesn’t go away. Chills or excessive sweating . Clicking or a feeling of movement in your breastbone. Fast or irregular heartbeat. Nausea or vomiting . Shortness of breath","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Clicking or movement in your breastbone","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Clicking or a feeling of movement in your breastbone.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W4","text":"Fast or irregular heartbeat","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Fast or irregular heartbeat.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W5","text":"Bleeding from your wound","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24591-triple-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Bleeding from your wound.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home clinicians need records of care and medicines received abroad for later treatment","document":"treatment documentation with medications","source":{"url":"https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/what-to-do-when-sick-abroad.html","host":"cdc.gov","quote":"Request documentation of any medical care received abroad, including medications, and share with healthcare professionals delivering subsequent care while traveling and at home.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T4","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk or light work after uncomplicated on-pump CABG via sternotomy; physically demanding work often takes longer."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":8,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Major in-hospital complications after primary CABG: bleeding, stroke, kidney injury, sternal infection. Excludes atrial fibrillation; higher end for high-risk patients."},"contraindications":["Prohibitive surgical risk or very limited life expectancy (relative)","Unsuitable graft targets: very small or diffusely diseased vessels","No viable myocardium in the territory to be grafted","Severe irreversible organ failure or lung disease (relative)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated primary isolated CABG, including 1-2 days in intensive care."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Supervised walking starts early; sternal precautions limit upper-body strain until healing, then gradual progression with surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Full recovery of energy and symptom relief after uncomplicated surgery."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Uncomplicated recovery only; needs surgeon clearance based on clinical course, lung and graft status, travel type."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early post-discharge wound and clinical check; urgent review for fever, wound discharge, sternal clicking or chest pain at any time."}},{"purpose":"rehabilitation","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Start of cardiac rehabilitation, often lasting about 6-12 weeks."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":56,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Surgeon or cardiologist review of recovery and medications."}}],"indications":["Left main coronary artery disease","Multivessel disease, especially with diabetes or reduced ventricular function","Proximal LAD disease with additional vessel involvement","Complex coronary anatomy not ideal for stenting","Failed or unsuitable percutaneous coronary intervention","Persistent angina despite optimal medical therapy with graftable anatomy"],"main_risks":["Bleeding requiring re-operation or transfusion","Postoperative atrial fibrillation","Sternal wound infection or instability","Stroke","Cognitive changes","Perioperative myocardial infarction","Acute kidney injury, occasionally requiring dialysis","Pulmonary complications and pleural effusion","Cardiac tamponade","Early or late graft failure, especially saphenous vein grafts","Harvest-site complications","Death"],"pain":"Moderate to significant chest-wall and leg-harvest pain initially, controlled with multimodal analgesia; sternal discomfort with coughing or movement often lasts weeks.","preparation":["Coronary angiography, echocardiography, ECG and chest X-ray","Blood tests; carotid ultrasound or vein mapping when needed","Surgical and anesthesia risk evaluation","Medication review with the care team, including antiplatelet plan","Smoking cessation","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Breathing-exercise and early-mobilization teaching"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Intensive care (days 0-2)","description":"Ventilator weaning, monitoring, chest drains and pain control.","restrictions":["Assisted mobilization only"]},{"phase":"Ward stay (days 2-7 or longer)","description":"Progressive walking, breathing exercises, drain and pacing wire removal, rhythm monitoring.","restrictions":["Sternal precautions","No lifting"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-6)","description":"Increasing walking and wound care; fatigue gradually improves; cardiac rehabilitation begins.","restrictions":["No driving until cleared, usually about 4-6 weeks","Avoid heavy lifting, commonly over about 5 kg","Avoid pushing or pulling with the arms"]},{"phase":"Late recovery (weeks 6-12)","description":"Sternal healing, return to work and gradual exercise progression.","restrictions":["Strenuous activity only with clearance"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after uncomplicated CABG, including structured cardiac rehabilitation."},"result_longevity":"Arterial grafts (LIMA to LAD) stay patent in about 90% at 10 years; vein grafts fail more often (roughly 40-50% by 10 years). Symptom relief often lasts a decade or more.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Repeat revascularization (PCI or redo CABG) within about 10 years; varies with conduit type and risk-factor control."},"scars":"Vertical midline sternotomy scar plus a leg or forearm harvest scar; scars fade over months but may widen or become raised.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation."},"stages":[{"code":"cabg_operation","label":"Coronary artery bypass grafting","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed during the initial admission."}}],"qualifier":"Usual primary isolated CABG is one operation."},"success":{"metric":"Operative survival (30-day)","value":98,"unit":"percent","horizon":"30 days","population":"Adults undergoing elective isolated primary CABG; lower in emergency or high-risk patients.","evidence_status":"proven"},"techniques":[{"name":"On-pump CABG via median sternotomy","suits_whom":"Most patients with multivessel or left main disease; usually LIMA to LAD plus vein or other arterial grafts.","recovery":"Inpatient recovery starting in ICU; cardiac rehabilitation afterward."},{"name":"Off-pump CABG (beating heart)","suits_whom":"Selected patients, depending on anatomy and surgeon experience; may reduce aortic manipulation and renal injury risk.","recovery":"Broadly similar to conventional CABG."},{"name":"Minimally invasive direct CABG (MIDCAB)","suits_whom":"Selected patients needing mainly LIMA to LAD grafting.","recovery":"Smaller thoracotomy incision instead of sternotomy; typically shorter stay and faster early recovery."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for uncomplicated primary isolated CABG; varies with number of grafts."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Coronary angiography report and images","Echocardiogram report with ejection fraction","Latest ECG","Cardiologist's report or discharge summary","List of blood thinners","Recent blood tests including creatinine and HbA1c"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single operation; stay about 5-10 nights in hospital, then 2-6 weeks before flying home. Follow-up and rehabilitation done at home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that you can ask the treating team questions about your treatment","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital satisfy you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Are you satisfied with the facilities and standards at the clinic or hospital where you'll be treated?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that the clinic or hospital is internationally accredited; accreditation does not guarantee a satisfactory outcome","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Individuals planning overseas treatment are advised to use internationally accredited clinics or hospitals, although using an accredited clinic or hospital does not guarantee a satisfactory outcome [4].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Speak directly with the professional who will carry out the treatment before travel","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Travellers should speak directly to the health professional undertaking the planned treatment before travel and check their qualifications and references independently.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check how your aftercare will be coordinated before you commit","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Ensure you're clear about how your aftercare will be coordinated.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Pressure to make a quick decision before booking is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a hard sell a lack of information pressure to make a quick decision no discussion of possible complications no mention of aftercare","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"A consultation that does not explain risks and possible post-procedure problems is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"This consultation should provide a clear explanation of the planned treatment, including success/complication rates, potential risks and possible post-procedure problems.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Being unable to reach the operating health professional by phone or video is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"The health professional carrying procedures abroad should be available to talk to the traveller (via telephone or video call).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"Medical advice from a sales team member or travel agent is a warning sign","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/factsheets/travelling-for-treatment-medical-tourism","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Medical advice from an administrator, a travel agent, or member of a sales team is not acceptable.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Chest pain that does not go away","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Abdominal pain or chest pain that doesn’t go away.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Shortness of breath","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17289-off-pump-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"But seek immediate medical attention if you experience: Abdominal pain or chest pain that doesn’t go away. Chills or excessive sweating . Clicking or a feeling of movement in your breastbone. Fast or irregular heartbeat. Nausea or vomiting . 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cuts","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/16897-coronary-artery-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"The surgeon reaches your heart through the gaps between some of your ribs.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Selected patients needing mainly LIMA to LAD grafting.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Smaller thoracotomy incision instead of sternotomy; typically shorter stay and faster early recovery."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your blockages are not too complex for angioplasty and stenting","name":"Angioplasty and stenting","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24591-triple-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"Their cases are too complex for angioplasty and stenting to be as effective as surgery.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You prefer a nonsurgical treatment for your blockages","name":"Heart medicines for blockages","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24591-triple-bypass-surgery","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"These include medicines or angioplasty and stenting.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"Y1","text":"Turkey's Ministry of Health publishes lists of authorized healthcare providers and facilitators holding authorization certificates","specialties":[],"source":{"url":"https://shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr/EN-69410/announcements.html","host":"shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr","quote":"Updated lists of healthcare providers and facilitators that have been granted authorization certificates by the Ministry","tier":"government","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-05-11","version":1},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK citizen passport holders can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"US ordinary passport holders are exempt from a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Ordinary passport holders are exempted from visa up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 150 days after arrival in Turkey and have at least 1 blank page","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To enter Turkey, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 150 days after the date you arrive and at least 1 blank page.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A US passport must be valid for six months beyond the entry date into Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Passports must be valid for six months beyond your entry date.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"prescriptions","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["albania","azerbaijan","cyprus","dominican-republic","germany","india","republic-of-korea","romania","spain","thailand"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.57,"count":827,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Coronary bypass surgery in Turkey typically costs from _op_1495_price_from_ to _op_1495_price_to_. Final pricing depends on the surgical technique, number of bypassed arteries, and the clinic category. Patients save around _price_percent_discount_% compared to the US, where this procedure costs _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Most Turkish medical centers include pre-operative diagnostics, ICU care, and airport logistics in their standard surgical price.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Number of arteries:</strong> Prices increase by 10-20% for triple or quadruple bypass procedures.</li>\n<li><strong>Surgical technique:</strong> Minimally invasive or off-pump methods often carry a premium over traditional surgery.</li>\n<li><strong>Medical hubs:</strong> Major centers are located in Istanbul, Ankara, and Antalya.</li>\n<li><strong>Facility accreditation:</strong> Costs reflect the high standards of JCI-accredited hospitals and international affiliations.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Choosing Turkey allows access to American-standard care through specialized centers like Anadolu Medical Center, which maintains a Johns Hopkins affiliation. For complex cases, seeking professors with over 35 years of experience, such as those at Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, provides significant value. While packages in Istanbul may start around $10,000, they frequently include 7-14 days of hospitalization, ensuring a safe initial recovery period before travel.</p>","faq":[{"q":"What is typically included in a CABG package in Turkey?","a":"<p>A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) package in Turkey typically includes the surgical procedure, preoperative diagnostics, and a 5–7 day hospital stay. These all-inclusive bundles cover surgeon fees, anesthesia, intensive care monitoring, VIP transfers, and language support to ensure a seamless international patient experience.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Medical evaluations:</strong> Includes cardiology consultations, blood panels, ECG, echocardiography, and often coronary angiography.</li> <li><strong>Hospital stay:</strong> Covers 1–2 nights in ICU and 4–5 nights in a private ward.</li> <li><strong>Surgical components:</strong> Encompasses surgeon fees, nursing care, medical supplies, and heart-lung machine usage.</li> <li><strong>Logistics support:</strong> Includes private airport-hotel-clinic transfers and dedicated multi-lingual patient coordinators for assistance.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While many clinics offer a 5-night stay, top-tier centers like Anadolu Medical Center or Hisar Hospital often bundle 7 nights to ensure stability before travel. We see a trend where packages include 3–5 initial cardiac rehab sessions, which is vital since full recovery takes 6–8 weeks.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize confirming whether discharge medications and extended ICU stays are included, as these can add unexpected costs. They highly value having a dedicated coordinator to navigate the complex surgical schedule and recovery steps.</p>"},{"q":"What is the success rate of CABG in Turkey?","a":"<p>The success rate for coronary artery bypass grafting in Turkey ranges from 95% to 98.5%, with leading JCI-accredited cardiac centers maintaining complication rates as low as 1.2%. High surgical volumes, exceeding 20,000 annual procedures, and specialized techniques like off-pump and robotic surgery drive these excellent clinical outcomes.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Survival metrics:</strong> Turkey reports 98% 30-day survival rates, aligns with average European Union standards.</li> <li><strong>Long-term relief:</strong> Roughly 95% of patients report significant symptom relief and improved heart function.</li> <li><strong>Surgical expertise:</strong> Surgeons like Prof. Cengiz Köksal at Medipol Acibadem have performed 2,000+ operations.</li> <li><strong>Technique variety:</strong> Clinics offer beating-heart (off-pump) and minimally invasive bypass to reduce recovery time.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While success rates are high, long-term graft patency depends heavily on the clinic volume. Centers like Hisar Hospital Intercontinental serve 250,000 patients annually, creating a high-repetition environment that typically correlates with lower surgical error rates. Always confirm if your surgeon has completed 1,000+ procedures, as experience is the primary driver of the 98.5% success figure.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients report a 95-100% immediate improvement in symptoms like angina at top Istanbul facilities. However, many emphasize that long-term success requires strict lifestyle changes, as the high initial success rate does not prevent future graft occlusion without smoking cessation.</p>"},{"q":"How long should I stay in Turkey for coronary bypass surgery?","a":"<p>Plan for a 21 to 28-day stay in Turkey for coronary bypass surgery. Most patients spend 5 to 7 days in JCI-accredited hospitals followed by 10 to 14 days of local recovery before being cleared for an international flight by senior cardiovascular surgeons.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Hospital duration:</strong> Typically includes 1–2 days in ICU and 4–5 days in a standard ward.</li> <li><strong>Flight clearance:</strong> Surgeons generally approve long-haul travel only after 3 weeks to prevent complications.</li> <li><strong>Follow-up schedule:</strong> Essential appointments for stitch removal and echocardiograms occur between days 10 and 12.</li> <li><strong>Technique impact:</strong> Minimally invasive or off-pump procedures may allow for discharge as early as day 5.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from leading Istanbul centers like Anadolu Medical Center shows staying near the clinic for 14 days post-discharge is vital. While physical recovery starts early, the 10-day mark is the primary safety threshold for identifying late-onset issues. Choosing clinics with Johns Hopkins or Mayo Clinic-trained specialists ensures protocols specifically designed for safe international repatriation.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients recommend booking flexible hotel stays near the hospital to accommodate follow-up checks. Many suggest wearing compression socks and using anticoagulants to reduce travel risks during the flight home.</p>"},{"q":"Is CABG a permanent cure for heart disease?","a":"<p>Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is not a permanent cure for heart disease. It creates a detour around blocked arteries to restore blood flow but does not stop atherosclerosis. Patients must manage underlying conditions through medication and lifestyle changes to prevent new blockages in grafts.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Graft longevity:</strong> Internal mammary artery grafts often remain functional for 15 to 20 years.</li> <li><strong>Success rates:</strong> Long-term patency reaches 50–70% after 10 years with strict medical adherence.</li> <li><strong>Re-intervention risk:</strong> Approximately 30–40% of patients require further procedures within a decade without changes.</li> <li><strong>Vessel durability:</strong> Arterial grafts (LIMA-RIMA) typically last significantly longer than traditional vein grafts.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Expert surgeons in Turkey, such as Professor Emin Tireli who has performed over 6,000 procedures, often prioritize arterial grafts over vein grafts. Data shows arterial grafts offer superior long-term durability. When selecting a clinic like Anadolu Medical Center, check if they provide post-operative rehabilitation. This support is statistically linked to higher graft patency because it reinforces the lifestyle changes necessary to keep the new bypass open.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients emphasize that the surgery is a second chance rather than a total fix. They highlight the necessity of a low-carb diet and zero smoking to avoid needing stents or reoperation within five years.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"How it works","kind":"content"},{"text":"How Much Does Coronary bypass surgery Cost in Turkey?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Coronary bypass surgery Packages in Turkey — November 2026","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover the Best Coronary bypass surgery Clinics in Turkey: 8 Verified Options and Prices","kind":"content"},{"text":"Coronary bypass surgery Overview in Turkey","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Trusted Doctors","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Video Stories from Bookimed Patients","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Reviews about Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"FAQ about Coronary bypass surgery in Turkey","kind":"content"},{"text":"Get a free consultation","kind":"ui"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}