Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital holds JCI and ISO 9001 certifications with a 4.8/5 rating from 146 patients. The anal fistula surgery package may cost around $2,700, typically covering consultation, laser procedure, 2 nights hospitalization, transfers, and follow-up. Dr. Marat Yaman performs the procedure with a focus on comprehensive care. The clinic provides VIP transfers and includes a companion stay during hospitalization.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Laser hemorrhoidectomy","good_fit_for":"Fistula cases that also need hemorrhoid removal","why_its_ranked":"JCI-accredited and DIN EN ISO 9001-certified hospital in Istanbul. Rated 4.8/5 from 148 patient reviews on Bookimed, with 93% of patients recommending the clinic."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":2220,"price_to":2220,"currency":"USD","id":60642},"operation":{"id":1544,"name":"Fistula Laser Surgery","alias":"fistula-laser-surgery"}},{"prices":{"price_from":110,"price_to":110,"currency":"USD","id":60305},"diagnostic":{"id":457,"name":"Consultation with creation of treatment plan ","alias":"consultation-with-creation-of-treatment-plan"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":1248,"alias":"lokman-hekim-istanbul","name":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/1248-6abbb3f1a1907.png","short_description":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital is a JCI-accredited private medical center in Istanbul. It treats 10,000+ patients each year. Core specialties are neurosurgery, orthopedics, spinal surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Dr. Pakize Eker Balcıoğlu brings _doctor_2950_years_ of expertise, having performed 900+ laser fistula surgeries. The JCI-accredited clinic offers VAAFT laser treatment, typically costing around $4,880 – covering surgery, pre-op MRI, one-night stay, and follow-up. The minimally invasive procedure takes 15-20 minutes with same-day discharge possible. Dr. Balcıoğlu trained at Istanbul University and publishes in international journals.
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Istanbul. It treats 250,000 patients each year. Its core specialties are oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric surgery.
Prof. Dr. Erman Aytac specializes in colorectal surgery with _doctor_9990_years_ of experience and 900+ procedures performed. The laser fistula treatment (FiLaC) may cost around $5,000 – typically covering surgery, 1 night hospital stay, consultations, and airport transfers. A professor of surgery at Memorial Healthcare Group, Dr. Aytac has published 150+ scientific articles. The JCI and ISO certified hospital follows international healthcare standards for sphincter-preserving techniques.
Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital is Turkey’s first LEED Platinum-certified hospital. It is part of the country’s largest healthcare network, Memorial Healthcare Group. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and robotic surgery.
Dr. Hakan Kocaman has performed 900+ pediatric fistula procedures over _doctor_10831_years_, specializing in laser surgery. The package may cost around $24,960 – typically covering laser fistula surgery, 3-day ICU care, transfers, and all planned medical procedures. Memorial Şişli holds JCI accreditation – Turkey's first – with 13 operating theaters. Dr. Kocaman focuses exclusively on pediatric cases, using minimally invasive laser techniques for tracheal fistulas.
Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul is one of Turkey’s leading multidisciplinary medical centers, operating on a 53,000 m² area with 252 beds, 13 operating rooms, and advanced intensive care units. Opened in 2000, it became the first hospital in Turkey and the 21st worldwide to earn Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, confirming world-class standards.
\n\nThe hospital is recognized for its expertise in oncology, organ and bone marrow transplantation (90% organ transplant success rate), IVF, neurosurgery, bariatric surgery, robotic surgery, and genetics. Equipped with cutting-edge technology and specialized centers, Memorial Şişli attracts patients from 167 countries each year, combining top-level medical care with Istanbul’s unique cultural and travel opportunities.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/634ffae9b76cd","title":"Memorial Şişli Hospital modern clinic building in Istanbul, Turkey"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ba3aa9d874b8","title":"Patient room at Memorial Şişli Hospital, Istanbul with modern furnishings and TV"},{"base_url":"clinic/5ba3aa9ebbdf9","title":"Patient room and lounge area at Memorial Şişli Hospital, Istanbul"},{"base_url":"clinic/634ffa7dd8799","title":"Reception desk at Memorial Şişli Hospital with modern decor in Istanbul"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Istanbul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"Kaptan Paşa Mah, Halit Ziya Türkkan Sok Famas Plaza No:19 D:C, 34385 Şişli/İstanbul, Turkey"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":87},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":436,"doctors_number":189,"year_foundation":2000},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"International Organization for Standardization","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Prof. Vafi Atalay specializes in complex anal fistula management with professor-level expertise. The clinic offers two-stage treatment – seton placement may cost around $4,530, while advancement flap surgery typically runs $5,060, both including hospitalization with companion, pre-op consultations, and airport transfers. Anadolu Medical Center is JCI and Planetree certified, ranked among the top 10 hospitals worldwide by MTQUA, and affiliated with Johns Hopkins Medicine.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"good_fit_for":"Staged fistula treatment with seton and flap"},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":170,"price_to":180,"currency":"USD","id":12489},"diagnostic":{"id":453,"name":"Revision of MRI results","alias":"revision-of-mri-results"}},{"prices":{"price_from":230,"price_to":230,"currency":"USD","id":60992},"diagnostic":{"id":457,"name":"Consultation with creation of treatment plan ","alias":"consultation-with-creation-of-treatment-plan"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":87,"alias":"anadolu-medical-center","name":"Anadolu Medical Center","short_description":"Anadolu Medical Center is a multidisciplinary facility providing American treatment standards at affordable prices in Istanbul (Turkey). Anadolu Medical Center's affiliation with the Johns Hopkins Hospital, one of the best medical facilities in the USA.
\n\nOncology, hematology-oncology, urology, neurosurgery, women's health, IVF, and check-up are the leading specialties at Anadolu Hospital.
\n\nThe medical center is among the Top 10 hospitals in the world, according to the Medical Travel Quality Alliance (MTQUA), an international organization that promotes high standards of health care for medical tourists.
\n\nPatients from the United States, the United Kingdom, Romania, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Nigeria choose Anadolu Medical Center.
\n\nThe Anadolu Medical Center is a highly regarded medical facility located on the coast of the Marble Sea. It is renowned for its professionalism, cleanliness, and attention to detail. The staff is polite, attentive, and responsive to patients' needs. Highly trained and skilled doctors are available for comprehensive examinations and treatments, and the recovery room is bright and comfortable, with a beautiful view. Patients have benefited from the services of an excellent translator, Elmira, and the support of coordinators Zakhida, Bakhtygul, and Amina. The clinic also offers a transfer service from the airport to the hotel and back, as well as booking a hotel conveniently located 10-15 minutes away. Anadolu Medical Center is the perfect choice for a successful treatment and recovery.
\n\nMemorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Prof. Halil Alis performs Video Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT) using minimally invasive laser technique – preserving sphincter function without muscle cutting. The procedure may cost around $5,500, typically covering surgery, 3 nights hospital stay, operating fees, and routine medications. An international speaker with 74 SCI papers, Prof. Alis holds active memberships in SAGES, EAES, IASGO, ISSO, and IFSO. The university hospital operates under JCI standards with 13 dedicated operating theaters.
VM Medical Park Florya Hospital is a JCI-accredited university hospital affiliated with Istanbul Aydın University. It excels in neurosurgery, plastic surgery, bariatric surgery, and oncology. The hospital also holds ISO certification and Center of Excellence designations in robotic, colorectal, and bariatric surgery.
Prof. Alaettin Çelik brings international expertise from London University’s Hospital for Sick Children, specializing in complex pediatric surgeries. The JCI-certified Florence Nightingale Hospital offers esophageal fistula repair with pleural patch, which may cost around 21,170 USD – typically covering 11 days’ stay (including ICU), pathology costs, and companion accommodation. The hospital features EOS imaging for safer diagnostics and holds TÜV Hessen Green Building certification.
Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital is Turkey's first Smart-and-Green hospital, certified by TÜV Hessen. It holds JCI and ISO accreditation and treats over 300,000 patients each year. Its strongest specialty is orthopedics, with the first EOS device in Turkey for low-dose imaging.
Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Centre specializes in non-surgical fistula treatment with over _doctor_9312_years_ of experience and 1,700+ patients annually. Fistula Laser Surgery may cost around $5,600. Dr. Yasir Gozu, with _doctor_9312_years_ in proctology, trained at Haseki Training and Research Hospital and focuses on minimally invasive solutions for anal fistula treatment.
Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center pioneered non-surgical proctology treatments in Turkey. The clinic treats anorectal diseases with minimally invasive care. It has served over 1,700 patients annually for over 20 years.
Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy brings academic expertise to her private practice in Ankara. She serves as a Professor of General Surgery and has authored nearly 100 international publications. Prof. Dr. Soy uses sutureless laser techniques to seal fistula tracts with minimal tissue damage. The surgery typically lasts 30–60 minutes and allows for a return to daily life within a few days. She individualizes every surgical plan based on sphincter proximity to preserve muscle function and improve healing.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Pelvic MRI, endoanal ultrasound, examination under anesthesia","why_its_ranked":"Laser fistula repair preserves sphincter muscle function. A professor of general surgery, member of the International College of Surgeons and Transplantation Society, performs each surgery personally."},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"1"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":8555,"alias":"prof-dr-ebru-ayvazoglu-soy","name":"Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy","short_description":"Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy is a general surgeon in Ankara, Turkey. Her private practice focuses on breast, endocrine, and colorectal surgery. She also treats digestive system diseases and thyroid conditions. The clinic uses robotic and laparoscopic techniques for abdominal procedures. Most umbilical hernia surgeries are done as day surgery, so patients go home the same day.
Prof. Dr. Soy has written nearly 100 articles in international journals. Her research has received over 500 citations. She previously led the international patient department at Başkent University. The clinic follows ERAS protocols for faster recovery after surgery. Diagnostic tools include endoscopy, manometry, and 24-hour pH monitoring. For long-term healing, the team emphasizes high-fiber nutrition and fluid intake.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6aa982de1a7f7","title":"Reception area at Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy Clinic with modern marble design"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa982dfe925d","title":"Consultation office at Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy Clinic, modern medical interior"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa982e1d9460","title":"Patient examination room at Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy Clinic, Istanbul"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aa982e3cf62d","title":"Consultation room at Prof. Dr. Ebru Ayvazoğlu Soy clinic with modern workspace"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Ankara","id":386,"alias":"ankara"},"address":"YDA Center, Kızılırmak, Dumlupınar Blv. No:9 A Blok Kat: 7 Daire: 235/B, 06510 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":1},"accreditations":[],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"1"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":11,"total_pages":2}},"clinicsMeta":{"total_count":11,"total_pages":2},"clinicsCount":11,"clinicsCountByEntity":{"clinic_count":21},"doctors":{"doctors":[{"doctor":{"id":11065,"alias":"mehmet-saydam","name":"Mehmet Saydam","clinic_id":1248,"photo":"doctor/69206fe2610b7","first_year_working":2001,"created_at":"2025-11-21T13:57:53.189+00:00","specialities":[{"id":"sur.010","name":"General surgeon","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":1248,"alias":"lokman-hekim-istanbul","name":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/1248-6abbb3f1a1907.png","short_description":"Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital is a JCI-accredited private medical center in Istanbul. It treats 10,000+ patients each year. Core specialties are neurosurgery, orthopedics, spinal surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Dr. Pekize Eker Balcioglu is a general surgeon at Hisar Hospital Intercontinental in Istanbul. She specializes in proctology and breast health. Dr. Balcioglu completed her medical education in English at the prestigious Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa. She serves as a columnist for two medical journals. Her practice focuses on minimally invasive surgery for common surgical conditions.
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Istanbul. It treats 250,000 patients each year. Its core specialties are oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric surgery.
Dr. Kivanc Derya Peker is a gastrointestinal surgeon at Hisar Hospital Intercontinental in Istanbul. He co-founded the Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery unit at Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Hospital. Dr. Peker completed specialized training at the Mayo Clinic in the United States. He treats complex cancers of the liver, pancreas, and stomach.
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Istanbul. It treats 250,000 patients each year. Its core specialties are oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric surgery.
Dr. Merve Karli is a general surgeon at Hisar Hospital Intercontinental in Istanbul. She has performed over 1,000 operations for hernias, breast diseases, and anorectal conditions. Dr. Karli trained at Eskisehir Osmangazi University and Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital. She holds official certifications to perform endoscopic procedures.
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Istanbul. It treats 250,000 patients each year. Its core specialties are oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric surgery.
Dr. Erman Aytac is a professor of surgery at Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital. He specializes in colorectal surgery, digestive oncology, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Dr. Aytac completed a prestigious fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic Digestive Diseases Institute.
Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital is Turkey’s first LEED Platinum-certified hospital. It is part of the country’s largest healthcare network, Memorial Healthcare Group. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and robotic surgery.
Dr. Vafi Atalay is a colorectal and general surgeon at Anadolu Medical Center. He developed the tube ileostomy technique to eliminate the need for ostomy-closure surgery. This method was published in the journal Colorectal Disease. Dr. Atalay specializes in pancreatic, colon, rectal, and liver cancers.
Anadolu Medical Center is a multidisciplinary facility providing American treatment standards at affordable prices in Istanbul (Turkey). Anadolu Medical Center's affiliation with the Johns Hopkins Hospital, one of the best medical facilities in the USA.
\n\nOncology, hematology-oncology, urology, neurosurgery, women's health, IVF, and check-up are the leading specialties at Anadolu Hospital.
\n\nThe medical center is among the Top 10 hospitals in the world, according to the Medical Travel Quality Alliance (MTQUA), an international organization that promotes high standards of health care for medical tourists.
\n\nPatients from the United States, the United Kingdom, Romania, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Nigeria choose Anadolu Medical Center.
\n\nThe Anadolu Medical Center is a highly regarded medical facility located on the coast of the Marble Sea. It is renowned for its professionalism, cleanliness, and attention to detail. The staff is polite, attentive, and responsive to patients' needs. Highly trained and skilled doctors are available for comprehensive examinations and treatments, and the recovery room is bright and comfortable, with a beautiful view. Patients have benefited from the services of an excellent translator, Elmira, and the support of coordinators Zakhida, Bakhtygul, and Amina. The clinic also offers a transfer service from the airport to the hotel and back, as well as booking a hotel conveniently located 10-15 minutes away. Anadolu Medical Center is the perfect choice for a successful treatment and recovery.
\n\nDr. Mursit Dincer is a gastroenterological surgeon at Memorial Göztepe Hospital in Istanbul. He is a PhD specialist in molecular oncology. Dr. Dincer served as the responsible physician for a major liver transplantation unit. He completed surgical training at Oxford and Leiden University transplant centers.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Dr. Cengiz Dibekoglu performed the first robotic general surgery operation in Turkey. He is a specialist in laparoscopy and robotic procedures at Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital. Dr. Dibekoglu focuses on colorectal, gastrointestinal, and weight loss surgeries. He trained at Marmara University and Istanbul University.
Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital is Turkey's first Smart-and-Green hospital, certified by TÜV Hessen. It holds JCI and ISO accreditation and treats over 300,000 patients each year. Its strongest specialty is orthopedics, with the first EOS device in Turkey for low-dose imaging.
Dr. Gozu specializes in non-surgical fistula treatments at Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center, with over _doctor_9312_years_ focused on proctology.
Dr. Yasir Gozu is a general surgeon at Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center in Istanbul. He specializes in non-surgical treatments for hemorrhoids and pilonidal sinus. Dr. Gozu completed his medical training at Eskisehir Osmangazi University. He later specialized in general surgery at Haseki Training and Research Hospital.
Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center pioneered non-surgical proctology treatments in Turkey. The clinic treats anorectal diseases with minimally invasive care. It has served over 1,700 patients annually for over 20 years.
Dr. Halil Alis is a gastrointestinal surgeon and Medical Director at VM Medical Park Florya. He is a robotic surgery trainer using the Da Vinci system. Dr. Alis treats obesity, colorectal conditions, and complex digestive diseases. He has authored over 70 scientific papers in international medical journals.
İstinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı is a private multi-specialty medical center in Istanbul, Turkey, combining the academic strength of İstinye University with the patient-centered approach of Liv Hospital. The hospital specializes in plastic surgery, aesthetic medicine and cosmetology, weight loss surgery and medical check-up, and has a closed area of 50,000 m², a capacity of 300 beds and 11 operating rooms.
The hospital serves both adults and children, with patients most often coming from Europe & Commonwealth, Africa, the USA, Canada and Australia.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/68d2b44c0cf8a","title":"Modern glass facade of Istinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı in Istanbul"},{"base_url":"clinic/68d2b460132b4","title":"Reception area at İstinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı with modern design in Istanbul"},{"base_url":"clinic/68d2b520b67d0","title":"Modern indoor garden at İstinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı with decorative lighting"},{"base_url":"clinic/68d2b895ca882","title":"Modern waiting area at Istinye University Liv Hospital Topkapi with unique tree design"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Istanbul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"Sultanahmet, Cankurtaran, 34122 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye"},"rating":{"rating":5,"google":4.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":98},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":1,"doctors_number":0,"year_foundation":2025},"accreditations":[]}},{"doctor":{"id":8786,"alias":"alaettin-celik","name":"Alaettin Celik ","clinic_id":2943,"photo":"doctor/6718e1b76f7ef","first_year_working":1977,"created_at":"2024-10-23T11:44:54.162+00:00","short_description":"Dr. Alaettin Celik is a pediatric surgeon at Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital. He was the founding chairman of the Pediatric Surgery Department at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. Dr. Celik holds triple specializations in general surgery, pediatric surgery, and pediatric urology. He trained at London's Hospital for Sick Children to establish Turkey’s first dedicated pediatric units.
Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital is Turkey's first Smart-and-Green hospital, certified by TÜV Hessen. It holds JCI and ISO accreditation and treats over 300,000 patients each year. Its strongest specialty is orthopedics, with the first EOS device in Turkey for low-dose imaging.
Dr. Hakan Kocaman is a pediatric surgeon at Memorial Göztepe Hospital in Istanbul. He specializes in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and hypospadias repair. Dr. Kocaman previously served as Associate Professor of Pediatric Surgery at Istanbul University. He completed his medical degree and residency at the same institution.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Prof. Dr. Erman Aytac specializes in colorectal surgery with _doctor_9990_years_ of experience and 900+ procedures performed. The laser fistula treatment (FiLaC) may cost around $5,000 – typically covering surgery, 1 night hospital stay, consultations, and airport transfers. A professor of surgery at Memorial Healthcare Group, Dr. Aytac has published 150+ scientific articles. The JCI and ISO certified hospital follows international healthcare standards for sphincter-preserving techniques.
Dr. Erman Aytac is a professor of surgery at Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital. He specializes in colorectal surgery, digestive oncology, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Dr. Aytac completed a prestigious fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic Digestive Diseases Institute.
Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital is Turkey’s first LEED Platinum-certified hospital. It is part of the country’s largest healthcare network, Memorial Healthcare Group. Its core specialties include oncology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and robotic surgery.
Dr. Hakan Kocaman has performed 900+ pediatric fistula procedures over _doctor_10831_years_, specializing in laser surgery. The package may cost around $24,960 – typically covering laser fistula surgery, 3-day ICU care, transfers, and all planned medical procedures. Memorial Şişli holds JCI accreditation – Turkey's first – with 13 operating theaters. Dr. Kocaman focuses exclusively on pediatric cases, using minimally invasive laser techniques for tracheal fistulas.
Dr. Mert Tanal is a general surgeon at Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul. He earned the European Board of Surgery Qualification (EBSQ), a prestigious professional standard in Europe. Dr. Tanal is an active member of the American College of Surgeons.
Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul is one of Turkey’s leading multidisciplinary medical centers, operating on a 53,000 m² area with 252 beds, 13 operating rooms, and advanced intensive care units. Opened in 2000, it became the first hospital in Turkey and the 21st worldwide to earn Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, confirming world-class standards.
\n\nThe hospital is recognized for its expertise in oncology, organ and bone marrow transplantation (90% organ transplant success rate), IVF, neurosurgery, bariatric surgery, robotic surgery, and genetics. Equipped with cutting-edge technology and specialized centers, Memorial Şişli attracts patients from 167 countries each year, combining top-level medical care with Istanbul’s unique cultural and travel opportunities.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/634ffae9b76cd","title":"Memorial Şişli Hospital modern clinic building in Istanbul, Turkey"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Istanbul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"Kaptan Paşa Mah, Halit Ziya Türkkan Sok Famas Plaza No:19 D:C, 34385 Şişli/İstanbul, Turkey"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":87},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":436},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"International Organization for Standardization","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}]}}},{"image_count":0,"images":[],"offer":{"id":"6a56604f5c611489b9bdb0b5","name":"Perianal Fistulotomy / Fistulectomy with Laser","type":"procedure","tags":[],"for_who":"Dr. Koray Karabulut is a general surgeon at Memorial Göztepe Hospital in Istanbul. He specializes in liver transplantation and robotic HPB surgery. He completed a research fellowship in liver tumors at the Cleveland Clinic. He also trained in minimally invasive surgery at IRCAD in France.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Dr. Vahit Mutlu is a general surgeon at Memorial Ataşehir Hospital in Istanbul. He specializes in weight loss interventions, including gastric sleeve and bypass surgery. He has published research in the fields of bariatric and gastrointestinal surgery. Dr. Mutlu works at a JCI-accredited facility known for high surgical success rates.
Memorial Ataşehir Hospital is a JCI-accredited transplant center with a 99.5% liver transplant success rate. It specializes in organ transplant, IVF, oncology, and neurosurgery. The hospital is part of the Memorial Healthcare Group, serving patients from 92 countries.
The operation fixes a bulge near the navel, reducing discomfort and preventing dangerous complications.
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abscess","urgency":"emergency","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8250164/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Common complications after FILAC was pain and discomfort, minor bleeding, fever, and late abscess [ 8 ].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Incontinence","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12148987/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Moreover, minimal complication rates of about 4% and incontinence affecting only ca. 1% of cases have been reported in recent literature [ 8 ].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Fever","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":true,"source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8250164/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Common complications after FILAC was pain and discomfort, minor bleeding, fever, and late abscess [ 8 ].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Ask for written details of the procedure before you leave the hospital","document":"written procedure details","source":{"url":"https://rcseng.ac.uk/patient-care/cosmetic-surgery/after-surgery/","host":"rcseng.ac.uk","quote":"After your surgery, before you leave the hospital, ask for written information about the procedure you've had.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"You accept a flat scar as the healing outcome","name":"Fistulotomy","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anal-fistula/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"a fistulotomy – a procedure that involves cutting open the whole length of the fistula so it heals into a flat scar","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"You would accept a thread left in place to help healing","name":"Seton placement","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anal-fistula/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"seton procedures – where a piece of surgical thread called a seton is placed in the fistula and left there for several weeks to help it heal before a further procedure is carried out to treat it","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your fistula is one of the selected cases this procedure suits","name":"LIFT procedure","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12148987/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"The LIFT procedure has proven effective in selected cases, with healing rates above 70%, but with limitations in general applicability [ 6 ].","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"filac","name":"FiLaC (fistula laser closure) with radial laser fiber","how_it_works":{"text":"Laser energy destroys the fistula tract and closes it","source":{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12148987/","host":"pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov","quote":"Using radially emitting laser probes, such as the FiLaC ® (Fistula-tract Laser Closure) system, this technique enables controlled destruction of the fistula tract epithelium, leading to obliteration and closure of the fistula tract.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1}}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=lazernaya-hirurgiya-fistuly/"}],"questionsAndAnswers":[{"id":"69d358844810b08df20db212","question":"What is the success rate of laser fistula treatment in Turkey?","answer":"Success rates for laser fistula treatment in Turkey range from 40% to 90%, with specialized Istanbul centers reporting up to 95.5% when combining laser with advancement flaps. Standard FiLaC techniques typically achieve 82% to 89% primary healing for simple fistulas, effectively preserving sphincter function with zero incontinence risk.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data from top-tier Istanbul facilities like Memorial Şişli Hospital suggests that the 90% success gap is often bridged by surgeon volume. Specialists like Dr. Yasir Gozu at Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center focus exclusively on non-surgical and minimally invasive proctology, which typically results in more refined patient selection and better long-term outcomes than general surgery departments.
Patient Consensus: Patients report high satisfaction with the minimal pain compared to traditional surgery, though many emphasize that success depends on strict hygiene protocols during the first 2 weeks. Most feel the 10–20% risk of needing a redo procedure is a fair trade for avoiding permanent muscle damage.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-04-06T06:53:56.209+00:00","category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"69d35963cd337dfe9c07ea22","question":"Are there risks of recurrence or complications after laser surgery?","answer":"Laser surgery for perianal fistulas carries a risk of recurrence ranging from 10% to 50%, with higher rates observed in complex or high transsphincteric cases. While complications are generally rare, patients may experience post-operative pain, localized infection, or temporary stool leakage due to minor anal sphincter irritation.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data from specialized proctology centers like Avrupa Cerrahi shows that non-surgical and laser-assisted methods work best for simple tracts. For complex fistulas, we see better long-term outcomes when surgeons at Memorial Şişli Hospital use a staged approach, starting with a seton before attempting laser closure to ensure the tract is fully drained.
Patient Consensus: Many appreciate the minimal scarring and quick return to work, but some report frustration when a second surgery becomes necessary after 8 months. Getting a pre-operative MRI is highly recommended to confirm if the laser technique is truly suitable for your specific fistula type.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-04-06T06:57:39.159+00:00","category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"69d359fff2a1182b1f062012","question":"How long is the recovery time after laser fistula surgery?","answer":"Most patients return to normal activities within 1 to 4 weeks after laser fistula surgery, specifically the FiLaC procedure. While initial recovery is rapid, complete internal healing of the laser-treated tract typically requires 4 to 8 weeks for permanent closure and maturation.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Data from major Istanbul centers like Memorial Şişli shows a trend toward combining laser closure with specialized follow-up protocols. While basic recovery is fast, clinics often schedule imaging if drainage persists past 3 weeks. This proactive step helps confirm the 90% success rate seen in minimally invasive proctology.
Patient Consensus: Patients report sharp discomfort for the first 5 days, which significantly improves thereafter. Many recommend using a donut cushion and starting fiber supplements early to ensure smooth, pain-free bowel movements.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-04-06T07:00:15.620+00:00","category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"69d35aaeb70ed4a37102c582","question":"Is the procedure painful?","answer":"Laser fistula surgery in Turkey is significantly less painful than traditional open surgery. The procedure uses minimally invasive FiLaC technology under local or spinal anesthesia to ensure intraoperative comfort. Most patients experience only mild soreness for 2 to 7 days and return to normal activities within a week.
Bookimed Expert Insight: While many choose laser surgery for the fast 1-week recovery, the real value in Turkey lies in specialist experience. Surgeons like Dr. Yasir Gozu at Avrupa Cerrahi Proctology Center treat over 1,700 patients annually using non-surgical laser methods. This high volume often results in more precise sealing and lower post-op inflammation compared to general surgery centers.
Patient Consensus: Patients describe post-op discomfort as similar to sitting on a golf ball rather than sharp pain. Many noted that secondary gas pains from anesthesia were more noticeable than the actual surgical site soreness.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-04-06T07:03:10.583+00:00","category":{"id":"68f5f2ea1567cb687e0a7542","name":"faq_content","title":"faq_content"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"6a221a62ca367d96b00a2db2","question":"What are the main advantages of undergoing anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey compared to traditional surgical techniques?","answer":"Anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey preserves sphincter muscle function. It allows for a quicker 7-day recovery compared to 17+ days for traditional methods. Techniques performed at JCI-accredited centres like Hisar Hospital Intercontinental reduce postoperative pain. These methods eliminate large surgical wounds and lower the risk of incontinence.
Bookimed Expert Insight: Laser surgery in Turkey starts from _op_1544_price_from_. Complicated horseshoe fistulas require packages near A$9,700 at Memorial Şişli Hospital. Selecting a clinic with an on-site Centre of Excellence in colorectal surgery improves outcomes for complex cases.
Patient Consensus: Patients in Turkey value the sphincter-sparing benefits and minimal wound care required. They recommend confirming suitability before travel. Active infections or complex tracts may require staged seton placement.
\n","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T00:37:54.296+00:00","category":{"id":"6a06f09a5f96e66bc80340b2","name":"faq_content_au","title":"faq_content_au"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"6a221af3e9228a953f087472","question":"Are there any risks of fistula recurrence after laser surgery in Turkey?","answer":"Fistula recurrence is a known risk after laser surgery in Turkey. Studies show recurrence rates of approximately 18%. This risk depends largely on the anatomical complexity of the tract. This includes horseshoe shapes, side branches, or conditions like Crohn’s disease.
\n\nBookimed Expert Insight: Laser surgery in Turkey costs significantly less than the _price_compare_AU_average_ Australian average. However, complex horseshoe fistulas often require specialised packages. Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital offers complex fistula surgery for around A$9,700. This includes surgical intervention to lower recurrence risks seen in standard laser-only procedures.
\n\nPatient Consensus: Turkish specialists provide thorough check-ups. However, patients emphasise that early relief does not always guarantee a permanent cure. Many suggest having a local GP in Australia ready for follow-up if symptoms return.
\n","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T00:40:19.688+00:00","category":{"id":"6a06f09a5f96e66bc80340b2","name":"faq_content_au","title":"faq_content_au"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"6a221b78c0edfb54790202e3","question":"What is the procedure for anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey?","answer":"Anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey is a minimally invasive procedure. It uses radial laser fibres to seal the fistula tract without cutting sphincter muscles. Specialists perform this technique in Istanbul and Antalya centres. This low-pain method preserves continence and speeds up healing for complex or recurrent cases.
\n\nBookimed Expert Insight: While basic laser surgery starts at _op_1544_price_from_, complicated horseshoe or high fistulas often need staged treatments. Some Memorial hospitals offer complex fistulotomy packages for A$9,700. This is important for patients who may need seton placement before the final laser closure.
\n\nPatient Consensus: Patients in Turkey suggest confirming if a seton is needed before laser use. This helps manage expectations and timelines. They recommend coordinating with an Australian GP for post-operative wound care and clarifying the follow-up process early.
\n","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T00:42:32.959+00:00","category":{"id":"6a06f09a5f96e66bc80340b2","name":"faq_content_au","title":"faq_content_au"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"6a221c21ab1e09d0470bdbd3","question":"What can I expect regarding recovery time after anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey?","answer":"Recovery after anal fistula laser surgery in Turkey is fast. Most patients return to office work within 2 to 3 days. This technique avoids deep incisions to reduce post-operative pain. Patients can sit or walk almost immediately after the anaesthesia wears off.
\n\nBookimed Expert Insight: While recovery is fast, complex horseshoe fistulas often require specialised packages. At Memorial Sisli Hospital, complex cases cost around A$9,700 compared to A$7,300 for simple ones. This higher tier covers the extra specialist time needed to treat deep channels.
\n\nPatient Consensus: Expect some soreness and drainage for a few weeks in Turkey, even with laser. Patients suggest planning flights home carefully to stay comfortable during the journey. You should also arrange local follow-up care early.
\n","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T00:45:21.999+00:00","category":{"id":"6a06f09a5f96e66bc80340b2","name":"faq_content_au","title":"faq_content_au"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"6a221cc6a107a173f1072672","question":"What post-operative care is required for patients recovering from fistula laser surgery?","answer":"Post-operative care for fistula laser surgery focuses on hygiene, pain management, and preventing constipation. This minimally invasive technique typically lets patients return to office work within 2–3 days. However, full internal tissue healing generally takes 6 to 8 weeks.
\nBookimed Expert Insight: Patients often feel ready to fly home 48 hours after laser treatment. However, data from clinics like Anadolu Medical Center suggests staying in Istanbul for 5–7 days. This allows the surgeon to monitor the healing phase before the flight back to Australia.
\nPatient Consensus: Expect gradual recovery. Prepare by stocking up on gauze and stool softeners before arriving in Turkey. Gentle showering and patting the site dry helps manage discharge while keeping the area comfortable.
\n","is_active":true,"created_at":"2026-06-05T00:48:06.896+00:00","category":{"id":"6a06f09a5f96e66bc80340b2","name":"faq_content_au","title":"faq_content_au"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"},{"key":"operation","value":"fistula-laser-surgery"}]},{"id":"5ed8f36d31e02c46c85d4675","question":"When is the best time to travel to Turkey?","answer":"The main advantage of Turkish resorts is the long beach season. On the Mediterranean coast, it starts in April and lasts until November. In the resorts of the Aegean Sea — from May to October. The most comfortable time for swimming is from mid-June to the end of October. A large influx of tourists is in July-August, when the air temperature is +38°C, and the water warms up to +27°C.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2020-06-04T13:13:17.000+00:00","category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"Texts","title":"Texts"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"}]},{"id":"5ed8f27631e78b0abb286634","question":"What is the level of medicine in Turkey?","answer":"Healthcare is the key development sector of the Turkish government. The Turkish authorities are convinced that care for the citizens' health should be an absolute priority of state policy and spend about 77 billion liras for healthcare annually.
As a result, 28,000 medical facilities provide excellent medical care in the country. About 50 centers have certificate of JCI (Joint Commission International), the international improver of healthcare quality and safety across the globe. The index of certificates obtained is the largest. To compare, Israel has 20 JCI-accredited facilities, and Germany — only 10 clinics of this type.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2020-06-04T13:09:10.000+00:00","category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"Texts","title":"Texts"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"}]},{"id":"5ed8f23a31e78b0abb286633","question":"What should you know about Turkey before the trip?","answer":"| Currency | lira (you also can pay for services in dollars and euros) |
| Best period for the trip | May-October |
| Language | Turkish (most of medical staff speaks English fluently) |
| Visa | is not required for a trip of at least 30 days per visit |
| Time difference with Europe | 3 hours |
| Time difference with the USA | 8 hours |
| Capital | Ankara |
| Medical tourism center | Istanbul |
| Popular resorts | Alanya, Antalya, Kemer, Marmaris |
In 2020, the Republic of Turkey has visa-free agreements with 89 states. Some foreigners are exempted from obtaining entry visas, others are required to receive an electronic visa (e-Visa), and still others must apply for a visa at Turkish missions abroad.
What states need a visa for treatment in Turkey and what countries can cross the border free and easy read here.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2020-06-04T13:14:20.000+00:00","category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"Texts","title":"Texts"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"}]},{"id":"5ed8f3e56f5798138223b283","question":"What documents are required to apply for a visa to Turkey for treatment?","answer":"Visas for travel to Turkey require a number of documents. The necessary papers can be submitted 90 days before the planned departure. Lists of documents includes:
In Turkey, hotels of different price ranges and service levels are presented. The level of Turkish hotels is comparable to hotels in Tunisia, Morocco or Egypt. Most tourists choose 4 and 5 star hotels with all-inclusive meals. Such hotels have everything for a comfortable stay: varied food, a large well-groomed territory, animation for children and adults. Some hotels have their own water park, which guests can use for free. Budget travelers can afford to book an economical 3-star hotel with half board or no meals at all.
","is_active":true,"created_at":"2020-06-04T13:12:36.000+00:00","category":{"id":"5e3aa27eb517bb3ffb486c42","name":"Texts","title":"Texts"},"relations":[{"key":"country","value":"turkey"}]}],"seoTests":{"thin_content":false,"no_txt_after_3_clinics":false},"offerFilters":{"offer_count":6,"country_filter":[{"id":36,"name":"Republic of Korea","alias":"republic-of-korea","iso_code":"KR"},{"id":46,"name":"Turkey","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"}],"city_filter":[{"id":107,"name":"Istanbul","alias":"istanbul","country_iso_code":"TR"}],"price_filter":{"from":5940,"to":7840,"avg":6573},"related_procedure_filter":[{"id":1544,"name":"Fistula Laser Surgery","alias":"fistula-laser-surgery","illness_kind_ids":[34],"use_for_listing":true}],"additional_service":["free_transfer","free_translation_service"],"doctor_experience":["diapason_1","diapason_3","diapason_4"],"bookimed_score":["bookimed_score_excellent","bookimed_score_good"],"implants":["no-implant-applicable"],"services":[{"id":"accommodation-is-not-included","type":"accommodation","name":"Accommodation is not included"},{"id":"transfer-airport-hotel-clinic-airport","type":"transfer","name":"Transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport"}]},"leadsCount":{"leads_count":3},"manualSeo":[],"updatedAt":"2026-11-14T02:20:55.447Z","activeCountries":["TR","AT","ES","TH"],"hasVideoReviewsByContext":false,"hasCriticalApiFallback":false}