{"key":"op_726_TR","page":{"url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=radiation-therapy-for-stomach-cancer/","procedure":{"id":726,"slug":"radiation-therapy-for-stomach-cancer","name":"Radiation therapy for stomach cancer","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"therapy","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"oncology","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":46,"iso":"TR","name":"Turkey"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-10-20"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=radiation-therapy-for-stomach-cancer/","cost_url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/country=turkey/procedure=radiation-therapy-for-stomach-cancer/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":3600,"to":6000,"avg":{"value":6000,"method":"median","source":"clinics"},"us":{"from":28000,"to":48000},"uk":{"from":14500,"to":21000},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"Istanbul","from":3600},{"city":"Ankara","from":3600},{"city":"Bursa","from":5800},{"city":"Antalya","from":6000},{"city":"İzmir","from":5500}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":3500,"to":8000},{"country_iso":"FR","from":9000,"to":16000},{"country_iso":"GB","from":14500,"to":21000},{"country_iso":"US","from":28000,"to":48000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":14000,"to":22000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":6500,"to":12500},{"country_iso":"DE","from":8000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":18000,"to":34000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":14000,"to":25000},{"country_iso":"TH","from":8500,"to":14000},{"country_iso":"PL","from":6500,"to":11000},{"country_iso":"KR","from":9000,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":5000,"to":9000},{"country_iso":"AT","from":6600,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"ES","from":17000,"to":17500},{"country_iso":"IT","from":9500,"to":15500},{"country_iso":"CN","from":6500,"to":13000},{"country_iso":"AU","from":11000,"to":18000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":4500,"to":6800},{"country_iso":"MY","from":7500,"to":13500},{"country_iso":"VN","from":4500,"to":8500},{"country_iso":"BR","from":7500,"to":14000}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":87,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"excluded":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":20,"items":[{"id":96,"name":"Memorial Şişli Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":437,"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","Joint Commission International"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses advanced TrueBeam STx and IMRT for accurate tumor irradiation. Follows international NCCN and ESMO protocols. JCI-accredited with a strong oncology department.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":87,"name":"Anadolu Medical Center","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":544,"accreditations":["Planetree's Gold Certificate","International Accreditation System for Interventional Oncology Services (IASIOS)","Patient choice in Oncology & Hematology Oncology","Patient Choice for Basic Check-up","Johns Hopkins Medicine","Organisation of European Cancer Institutes Certificate","European Society for Medical Oncology","Joint Commission International","International Organization for Standardization","World's Best Hospitals 2026 by Newsweek"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses CyberKnife and Truebeam for sub-millimeter accuracy, minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Partners with Johns Hopkins for treatment standards. Over 3,000 oncology procedures performed.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":410,"name":"Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":165,"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","Joint Commission International"],"rank":3,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Elekta Versa HD system maps the tumor in 3D and adapts to breathing, delivering high-dose radiation in one-third the usual time. Personalized plans from multidisciplinary oncology councils spare healthy tissue.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":276,"name":"Neolife Medical Center","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.7,"reviews_count":19,"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","Joint Commission International"],"rank":4,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"TrueBeam STx radiosurgery system, available in only a few centers worldwide, plus Elekta Versa HD with millimetre-level Hexapod tracking. IMRT with image guidance suits gastrointestinal cancers. First JCI-accredited center in Turkey.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":85,"name":"Medipol Mega University Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":495,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","Patient choice in Pediatric Oncology & Hematology Oncology"],"rank":5,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Varian Halcyon linear accelerator delivers intensity-modulated arc therapy, planned using on-site PET/CT and 3 Tesla MRI. Radiotherapy runs in a dedicated oncology hospital within this JCI-accredited complex.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":426,"name":"Hisar Hospital Intercontinental","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":266,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)","Turkish Medical Association","Patient choice in Oncology & Hematology Oncology","Best patient assistance","Best clinic for radiotherapy"],"rank":6,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses 1.5 Tesla MR-LINAC for real-time imaging during radiation, precisely targeting tumors while sparing healthy tissue. JCI-accredited Comprehensive Cancer Center also offers LINAC and brachytherapy.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":417,"name":"Memorial Antalya Hospital","city":"Antalya","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":152,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International"],"rank":7,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses TrueBeam STx linear accelerator with real-time imaging and respiratory motion tracking to target stomach tumors precisely. Can shorten standard radiotherapy by up to 5 times. JCI-accredited, following NCCN and ESMO protocols.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3418,"name":"Valued Med Hub Hospitals","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.9,"reviews_count":59,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":8,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":418,"name":"Memorial Ankara Hospital","city":"Ankara","rating":4.8,"reviews_count":10,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":9,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Uses TrueBeam STx with respiratory gating to reduce treatment time up to 5x; Elekta Versa HD targets tumors with millimeter precision. JCI-accredited.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1173,"name":"Emsey Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.1,"reviews_count":42,"accreditations":["The Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) by WHO and UNICEF","Turkish Medical Association","TEMOS International Healthcare Accreditation","Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","International Organization for Standardization"],"rank":10,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1547,"name":"Estophia Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.4,"reviews_count":49,"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":11,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1169,"name":"Hermes Clinics (Hermes Clinics A.Ş.)","city":"Ankara","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":20,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International"],"rank":12,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4904,"name":"Medipol Bahçelievler Univesity Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.5,"reviews_count":2,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International"],"rank":13,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":3887,"name":"Private Koru Ankara Hospital","city":"Ankara","rating":2,"reviews_count":1,"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","Joint Commission International"],"rank":14,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1602,"name":"Acibadem Altunizade Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":4.4,"reviews_count":7,"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","Joint Commission International","LEED Platinum Sertificate for ECO Buildings"],"rank":15,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":1780,"name":"Medistanbul Hospital","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"rank":16,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4078,"name":"Uniqacare Clinic","city":"Istanbul","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association"],"rank":17,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4441,"name":"EKOL International HOSPITALS - İzmir","city":"İzmir","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Organization for Standardization","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate"],"rank":18,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4464,"name":"Private Medicabil Hospital","city":"Bursa","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["International Organization for Standardization","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","Joint Commission International"],"rank":19,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":4960,"name":"BP Klinik","city":"Turkey","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["Turkish Medical Association","International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate","Turkish Medical Association (Türk Tabıplerı Bırliği)"],"rank":20,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":14,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":107,"slug":"istanbul","name":"Istanbul","clinics_count":5,"price_from":3600,"profile":{"city_type":"Largest city in Turkey, megacity","access":["Sabiha Gökçen Airport (SAW), 32 km southeast of city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en_International_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":386,"slug":"ankara","name":"Ankara","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":3600,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital city of Turkey","access":["Ankara Airport (ESB), 28 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankara_Esenboğa_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":348,"slug":"bursa","name":"Bursa","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":5800,"profile":{"city_type":"City in northwestern Turkey","access":["Yenişehir Airport (YEI), 49 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":382,"slug":"antalya","name":"Antalya","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":6000,"profile":{"city_type":"Major Mediterranean coastal city in Turkey","access":["Antalya Airport (AYT), 13 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":395,"slug":"izmir","name":"İzmir","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":5500,"profile":{"city_type":"Aegean coastal port city in Turkey","access":["Izmir Airport (ADB), 14 km from the city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zmir","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izmir_Adnan_Menderes_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"active_with_related":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"hospital_nights_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"top_offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"related_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"},"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},"medical":{"indications":["Adjuvant chemoradiation after limited (under D2) or margin-positive (R1/R2) gastrectomy","Preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced, resectable disease","Palliation of bleeding, pain or obstruction in unresectable/metastatic disease","Definitive chemoradiation for inoperable non-metastatic disease, including locoregional recurrence","Metastasis-directed radiotherapy with systemic therapy in oligometastatic disease"],"contraindications":["Pregnancy (generally avoided; depends on stage and timing)","Prior radiotherapy to overlapping upper abdominal field exceeding tissue tolerance","Poor performance status or unsafe comorbidity (relative)","Uncontrolled gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction or perforation needing prior stabilisation (relative)","Active collagen vascular or inflammatory bowel disease (relative; higher toxicity)"],"operation_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":0.75,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Per daily fraction, including positioning and beam delivery. Weekly reviews and chemotherapy visits are additional."},"anesthesia":["none"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":25,"max":28,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"25-28 fractions of 1.8 Gy (45-50.4 Gy total), 5 days weekly."},"stages":[{"code":"daily_fractions","label":"Daily external-beam radiation fractions (about 5-6 weeks)","after":{"min":0,"max":38,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From first to last fraction, weekends off."}}],"qualifier":"Planning simulation precedes the first fraction and is not counted as a session; palliative courses are shorter."},"hospital_nights":{"value":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Standard external-beam course is delivered as daily outpatient visits. Admission is only needed if complications occur."},"source":"parsed_details"},"treatment_conditions":["outpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from last fraction; time for acute nausea, fatigue and bowel effects to settle, with nutritional support."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":38,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from first fraction; after last fraction and oncologist review of nausea, hydration, blood counts."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":0,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from last fraction; many patients work reduced hours during course; fatigue and chemotherapy effects set timing."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light activity such as walking continues during treatment; vigorous exercise resumes after acute side effects and fatigue settle."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Tumour response and symptom benefit assessed by imaging or endoscopy; timing varies with stage and surgery."},"result_longevity":"Benefit is local disease control, not a permanent cure. Durability depends on stage, surgery, chemotherapy and tumour biology, with ongoing surveillance for recurrence.","main_risks":["Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and weight loss","Fatigue","Diarrhoea, abdominal cramps or gastritis","Low blood counts, especially with concurrent chemotherapy","Gastric or duodenal ulceration, bleeding or stricture","Late kidney, liver, heart or spinal cord injury (rare)","Skin irritation in the treated field","Prolonged gastrointestinal toxicity when combined with chemotherapy","Rare radiation-induced second cancer years later"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":30,"max":55,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Grade 3 or higher acute toxicity with concurrent chemotherapy, mainly nausea, low blood counts, diarrhoea; late serious effects under 5%"},"revision_rate_pct":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"success":{"metric":"Overall survival with adjuvant chemoradiation after gastrectomy","value":50,"horizon":"3 years","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"No surgical incision. Temporary skin redness or pigmentation in the treated area is possible.","pain":"Radiation delivery is painless. Discomfort comes from side effects such as nausea, abdominal cramps or heartburn, which are usually managed with supportive medication.","preparation":["Multidisciplinary review and staging","CT simulation, immobilisation and planning; possible fasting or contrast","Nutritional assessment and dietary consultation","Treat anaemia before radiotherapy to support tumour oxygenation","Baseline blood tests, including kidney function and blood counts","Review of toxicity-raising conditions, e.g. collagen vascular or bowel disease","Discussion of consent, expected side effects and supportive medication"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"During treatment (about 5-6 weeks)","description":"Daily outpatient fractions on weekdays with weekly checks. Nausea, fatigue and appetite loss tend to build up during the course.","restrictions":["Maintain nutrition and hydration","Report vomiting, bleeding, black stools or fever promptly"]},{"phase":"First weeks after completion","description":"Acute gastrointestinal effects arise within weeks and usually settle over a few weeks as the mucosa recovers.","restrictions":["Follow oncology guidance on diet and activity"]},{"phase":"Follow-up","description":"Clinical and imaging or endoscopic reassessment, with ongoing nutritional support and monitoring for late effects.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":35,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Weekly on-treatment review by the radiation oncology team during the course, counted from the first fraction."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":63,"max":98,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Typically about 4-8 weeks after the last fraction, counted from the first fraction; imaging or endoscopy timing varies."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check whether the facility has experience treating your condition","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Does it have experience and success in treating my condition?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check whether groups have rated the facility's quality of care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Has it been rated by state, consumer, or other groups for its quality of care?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check how the facility checks on and works to improve its quality of care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"How does it check on and work to improve its quality of care?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether the facility explains patients' rights and responsibilities","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Does it explain patients’ rights and responsibilities?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check whether the facility has approval from a nationally recognized accrediting body","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Has it been approved by a nationally recognized accrediting body, such as the ACoS Commission on Cancer and/or The Joint Commission?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"No talk with the care team about what to expect before treatment starts","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Talking with your cancer care team before treatment begins about what to expect will be helpful.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"The team does not discuss the benefits and side effects of the treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"The specialist team looking after you will discuss all the benefits and side effects.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Pushback when you ask for a second opinion, which most doctors welcome","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Most doctors welcome a second opinion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"A plan that omits the goals, options, side effects and expected length of treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Your plan will include information about your cancer, the goals of treatment, your treatment options and the possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Diarrhea after radiation to the abdomen","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/radiation-enteritis","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Radiation enteritis causes diarrhea and other digestive issues and is most common in people with cancer who receive radiation therapy to organs in the abdomen.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Vomiting that cannot be controlled","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/nausea-vomiting","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"If uncontrolled, vomiting can lead to serious health problems such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Abdominal pain during radiation treatment","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/radiation-enteritis","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Signs and symptoms of acute radiation enteritis include: Learn about other digestive system problems in people with cancer Diarrhea Constipation Bowel Obstruction Radiation Proctitis diarrhea frequent or persistent urges to have a bowel movement appetite loss abdominal pain","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"therapy","fields":{"anesthesia":["none"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":0,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from last fraction; many patients work reduced hours during course; fatigue and chemotherapy effects set timing."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":30,"max":55,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Grade 3 or higher acute toxicity with concurrent chemotherapy, mainly nausea, low blood counts, diarrhoea; late serious effects under 5%"},"contraindications":["Pregnancy (generally avoided; depends on stage and timing)","Prior radiotherapy to overlapping upper abdominal field exceeding tissue tolerance","Poor performance status or unsafe comorbidity (relative)","Uncontrolled gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction or perforation needing prior stabilisation (relative)","Active collagen vascular or inflammatory bowel disease (relative; higher toxicity)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Standard external-beam course is delivered as daily outpatient visits. Admission is only needed if complications occur."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":2,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light activity such as walking continues during treatment; vigorous exercise resumes after acute side effects and fatigue settle."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Tumour response and symptom benefit assessed by imaging or endoscopy; timing varies with stage and surgery."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":38,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from first fraction; after last fraction and oncologist review of nausea, hydration, blood counts."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":35,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Weekly on-treatment review by the radiation oncology team during the course, counted from the first fraction."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":63,"max":98,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Typically about 4-8 weeks after the last fraction, counted from the first fraction; imaging or endoscopy timing varies."}}],"indications":["Adjuvant chemoradiation after limited (under D2) or margin-positive (R1/R2) gastrectomy","Preoperative chemoradiation for locally advanced, resectable disease","Palliation of bleeding, pain or obstruction in unresectable/metastatic disease","Definitive chemoradiation for inoperable non-metastatic disease, including locoregional recurrence","Metastasis-directed radiotherapy with systemic therapy in oligometastatic disease"],"main_risks":["Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and weight loss","Fatigue","Diarrhoea, abdominal cramps or gastritis","Low blood counts, especially with concurrent chemotherapy","Gastric or duodenal ulceration, bleeding or stricture","Late kidney, liver, heart or spinal cord injury (rare)","Skin irritation in the treated field","Prolonged gastrointestinal toxicity when combined with chemotherapy","Rare radiation-induced second cancer years later"],"pain":"Radiation delivery is painless. Discomfort comes from side effects such as nausea, abdominal cramps or heartburn, which are usually managed with supportive medication.","preparation":["Multidisciplinary review and staging","CT simulation, immobilisation and planning; possible fasting or contrast","Nutritional assessment and dietary consultation","Treat anaemia before radiotherapy to support tumour oxygenation","Baseline blood tests, including kidney function and blood counts","Review of toxicity-raising conditions, e.g. collagen vascular or bowel disease","Discussion of consent, expected side effects and supportive medication"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"During treatment (about 5-6 weeks)","description":"Daily outpatient fractions on weekdays with weekly checks. Nausea, fatigue and appetite loss tend to build up during the course.","restrictions":["Maintain nutrition and hydration","Report vomiting, bleeding, black stools or fever promptly"]},{"phase":"First weeks after completion","description":"Acute gastrointestinal effects arise within weeks and usually settle over a few weeks as the mucosa recovers.","restrictions":["Follow oncology guidance on diet and activity"]},{"phase":"Follow-up","description":"Clinical and imaging or endoscopic reassessment, with ongoing nutritional support and monitoring for late effects.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Counted from last fraction; time for acute nausea, fatigue and bowel effects to settle, with nutritional support."},"result_longevity":"Benefit is local disease control, not a permanent cure. Durability depends on stage, surgery, chemotherapy and tumour biology, with ongoing surveillance for recurrence.","revision_rate_pct":null,"scars":"No surgical incision. Temporary skin redness or pigmentation in the treated area is possible.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":25,"max":28,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"25-28 fractions of 1.8 Gy (45-50.4 Gy total), 5 days weekly."},"stages":[{"code":"daily_fractions","label":"Daily external-beam radiation fractions (about 5-6 weeks)","after":{"min":0,"max":38,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From first to last fraction, weekends off."}}],"qualifier":"Planning simulation precedes the first fraction and is not counted as a session; palliative courses are shorter."},"success":{"metric":"Overall survival with adjuvant chemoradiation after gastrectomy","value":50,"unit":"percent","horizon":"3 years","population":"Adults with resected gastric adenocarcinoma receiving adjuvant chemoradiation after limited surgery","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Conformal and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (3D-CRT, IMRT or VMAT)","suits_whom":"Curative-intent patients with resected or locally advanced disease receiving concurrent fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.","recovery":"Outpatient; side effects usually settle over several weeks after completion."},{"name":"Palliative short-course external-beam radiotherapy","suits_whom":"Patients with symptomatic advanced disease, for example bleeding, pain or obstruction. This is a separate schedule from the standard course above.","recovery":"Usually brief; depends on the schedule and disease status."}],"treatment_conditions":["outpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":0.25,"max":0.75,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Per daily fraction, including positioning and beam delivery. Weekly reviews and chemotherapy visits are additional."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Gastric biopsy pathology report","Recent CT scan of chest and abdomen","Endoscopy report","Surgical and operative report (if available)","Recent blood count and kidney function tests","Oncologist's treatment plan or chemotherapy protocol"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":2,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Daily fractions over about 5-6 weeks plus planning; stay about 6-7 weeks. Second trip only for follow-up, often at home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check whether the facility has experience treating your condition","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Does it have experience and success in treating my condition?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check whether groups have rated the facility's quality of care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Has it been rated by state, consumer, or other groups for its quality of care?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check how the facility checks on and works to improve its quality of care","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"How does it check on and work to improve its quality of care?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether the facility explains patients' rights and responsibilities","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Does it explain patients’ rights and responsibilities?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check whether the facility has approval from a nationally recognized accrediting body","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Has it been approved by a nationally recognized accrediting body, such as the ACoS Commission on Cancer and/or The Joint Commission?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"No talk with the care team about what to expect before treatment starts","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Talking with your cancer care team before treatment begins about what to expect will be helpful.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"The team does not discuss the benefits and side effects of the treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-cancer/treatment/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"The specialist team looking after you will discuss all the benefits and side effects.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Pushback when you ask for a second opinion, which most doctors welcome","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/finding-cancer-care","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Most doctors welcome a second opinion.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"F4","text":"A plan that omits the goals, options, side effects and expected length of treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Your plan will include information about your cancer, the goals of treatment, your treatment options and the possible side effects, and the expected length of treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Diarrhea after radiation to the abdomen","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/radiation-enteritis","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Radiation enteritis causes diarrhea and other digestive issues and is most common in people with cancer who receive radiation therapy to organs in the abdomen.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Vomiting that cannot be controlled","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/nausea-vomiting","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"If uncontrolled, vomiting can lead to serious health problems such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"W3","text":"Abdominal pain during radiation treatment","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/radiation-enteritis","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Signs and symptoms of acute radiation enteritis include: Learn about other digestive system problems in people with cancer Diarrhea Constipation Bowel Obstruction Radiation Proctitis diarrhea frequent or persistent urges to have a bowel movement appetite loss abdominal pain","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor needs the clinic's follow-up recommendations in a written discharge summary","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"When you have treatment abroad, you must ask the treatment provider for their follow-up recommendations documented within a written discharge summary in English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Ask for copies of all prescriptions before you leave","document":"prescription copies","source":{"url":"https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/news/699/travelling-abroad-for-treatment","host":"travelhealthpro.org.uk","quote":"Remember to ask for copies of all your treatment records, including prescriptions, scans and x-rays before you leave.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctor needs the dates for required blood tests and follow-up appointments","document":"written aftercare plan","source":{"url":"https://sbuhb.nhs.wales/about-us/individual-patient-commissioning/ipc-folder/advice-on-accessing-treatment-abroad","host":"sbuhb.nhs.wales","quote":"This should include any medication and doses, as well as any dates that blood tests and follow-up appointments must be carried out.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your cancer is stage I","name":"Gastrectomy","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes ) is the main treatment for stage I stomach cancer .","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your tumor is small and has low risk of spreading","name":"Endoscopic mucosal resection","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Endoscopic mucosal resection is a less invasive procedure that may be used in people with small tumors that have a low risk of spreading to nearby lymph nodes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your tumor blocks the passage into or out of your stomach","name":"Endoluminal stent placement","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Endoluminal stent placement may be done when the tumor blocks the passage into or out of the stomach.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"technique_details":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"conformal","name":"Conformal and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (3D-CRT, IMRT or VMAT)","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}},{"id":"palliative-short-course","name":"Palliative short-course external-beam radiotherapy","how_it_works":{"text":"Radiation may be used to stop bleeding and relieve pain","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Radiation therapy or surgery may be done to stop bleeding, relieve pain, or shrink a tumor that is blocking the stomach.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1}}},"techniques":[{"id":"conformal","name":"Conformal and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (3D-CRT, IMRT or VMAT)","how_it_works":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Curative-intent patients with resected or locally advanced disease receiving concurrent fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Outpatient; side effects usually settle over several weeks after completion."},{"id":"palliative-short-course","name":"Palliative short-course external-beam radiotherapy","how_it_works":{"id":"H1","text":"Radiation may be used to stop bleeding and relieve pain","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Radiation therapy or surgery may be done to stop bleeding, relieve pain, or shrink a tumor that is blocking the stomach.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},"recovery_daily":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_official_source"},"suits_whom":"Patients with symptomatic advanced disease, for example bleeding, pain or obstruction. This is a separate schedule from the standard course above.","price_from":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"recovery":"Usually brief; depends on the schedule and disease status."}],"alternatives":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"A1","text":"Your cancer is stage I","name":"Gastrectomy","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Gastrectomy (surgery to remove all or part of the stomach and nearby lymph nodes ) is the main treatment for stage I stomach cancer .","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A2","text":"Your tumor is small and has low risk of spreading","name":"Endoscopic mucosal resection","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/treatment/by-stage","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Endoscopic mucosal resection is a less invasive procedure that may be used in people with small tumors that have a low risk of spreading to nearby lymph nodes.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null},{"id":"A3","text":"Your tumor blocks the passage into or out of your stomach","name":"Endoluminal stent placement","source":{"url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/stomach/patient/stomach-treatment-pdq","host":"cancer.gov","quote":"Endoluminal stent placement may be done when the tumor blocks the passage into or out of the stomach.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200},"operation_id":null}],"checked_at":"2026-11-14","next_check_at":"2027-11-14","version":1},"diagnostic":{"status":"not_applicable"},"country":{"why":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"Y1","text":"Turkey's Ministry of Health publishes lists of authorized healthcare providers and facilitators holding authorization certificates","specialties":[],"source":{"url":"https://shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr/EN-69410/announcements.html","host":"shgmturizmdb.saglik.gov.tr","quote":"Updated lists of healthcare providers and facilitators that have been granted authorization certificates by the Ministry","tier":"government","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-05-11","version":1},"travel":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"V1","item":"visa","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"UK citizen passport holders can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"You can visit Turkey without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period, for business or tourism.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V2","item":"visa","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"US ordinary passport holders are exempt from a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Ordinary passport holders are exempted from visa up to 90 days in any 180-day period.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"passport_validity","audience":"uk","volatile":true,"text":"A UK passport must expire at least 150 days after arrival in Turkey and have at least 1 blank page","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/entry-requirements","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To enter Turkey, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 150 days after the date you arrive and at least 1 blank page.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V4","item":"passport_validity","audience":"us","volatile":true,"text":"A US passport must be valid for six months beyond the entry date into Turkey","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Turkey.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Passports must be valid for six months beyond your entry date.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V5","item":"prescriptions","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"British prescriptions are not accepted in pharmacies in Turkey.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance in Turkey","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/turkey/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["austria","china","dominican-republic","egypt","germany","greece","india","israel","malaysia","republic-of-korea","spain","switzerland","thailand","ukraine"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.56,"count":2268,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Radiation therapy for stomach cancer in Turkey typically costs from _op_726_price_from_ to _op_726_price_to_. The final price depends on the radiotherapy technique, number of sessions, and clinic location. In the US, similar procedures cost around _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Turkey offers savings of around _price_percent_discount_%. Treatment often includes consultations, treatment planning, and sessions using advanced linear accelerators.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Technique variation:</strong> Advanced methods like IMRT or IG-IMRT usually add 20-30% to the base cost.</li>\n<li><strong>Medical hubs:</strong> Prices in Istanbul hospitals may be 15-20% higher than in regional centers like Antalya.</li>\n<li><strong>Technology premiums:</strong> Using specialized equipment like MR-LINAC or CyberKnife increases the total budget for precision oncology.</li>\n<li><strong>Combined protocols:</strong> Total costs rise significantly when radiation is paired concurrently with chemotherapy or surgical intervention.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Choosing a facility with Elekta Versa HD technology, like Memorial Bahçelievler, can shorten treatment times significantly. This hospital is LEED Platinum-certified and located near Istanbul Airport for easy access. Patients seeking US-affiliated standards often choose Anadolu Medical Center due to its affiliation with Johns Hopkins Medicine. For those prioritizing high-tech precision, Hisar Hospital Intercontinental offers MR-LINAC, which allows for real-time tumor tracking during therapy. Turkey's JCI-accredited centers provide high-tier technology at a fraction of Western costs.</p>","faq":[{"q":"What types of radiation therapy are available for stomach cancer in Turkey?","a":"<p>Turkish oncology centers offer advanced radiation therapies including Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT). These high-precision techniques utilize specialized systems like TrueBeam STx and CyberKnife to target gastric tumors while protecting the liver and kidneys.</p> <ul> <li><strong>IMRT and VMAT:</strong> Advanced computer-controlled beams conform to 3D tumor shapes for better organ sparing.</li> <li><strong>SBRT and Radiosurgery:</strong> Robotic CyberKnife systems deliver concentrated doses to small tumors in 3–5 sessions.</li> <li><strong>Image-guided therapy:</strong> Real-time CT or X-ray imaging ensures sub-millimeter accuracy before every treatment session.</li> <li><strong>Proton therapy:</strong> Available at select specialized centers for extreme precision using protons instead of X-rays.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While basic 3D-radiotherapy is available, 90% of international patients in Turkey choose private centers like Anadolu or Memorial for IMRT. These clinics offer TrueBeam STx technology which tracks breathing movements. This specific feature is vital for stomach cancer as it prevents the radiation beam from hitting healthy tissue during natural respiration.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients often report that private centers provide better English support and more comfortable 4–6 week stays. Many travelers suggest arranging a telemedicine second opinion before arrival to confirm if radiation is adjuvant or palliative.</p>"},{"q":"Are Turkish hospitals accredited and safe for cancer care?","a":"<p>Turkish oncology centers are highly safe and globally accredited. Turkey holds the second-highest number of JCI-accredited facilities worldwide. Specialized centers like Anadolu Medical Center maintain affiliations with Johns Hopkins Hospital and hold certifications from the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the Organisation of European Cancer Institutes (OECI).</p> <ul> <li><strong>International standards:</strong> Over 50 Turkish hospitals meet JCI gold-standard safety and hygiene protocols.</li> <li><strong>Advanced technology:</strong> Clinics utilize TrueBeam STx, Elekta Versa HD, and CyberKnife for precise radiation.</li> <li><strong>Specialist expertise:</strong> Many oncologists, like Dr. Merdan Fayda, hold fellowships from top US institutions.</li> <li><strong>Government oversight:</strong> The Turkish Ministry of Health conducts rigorous inspections twice every year.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While many look for low costs, the real value in Turkey is the concentration of multi-certified centers. Anadolu Medical Center is one of the few globally to hold both OECI accreditation and Newsweek World's Best Hospital status. This combination of European clinical standards and American-affiliated protocols creates a safety profile comparable to top-tier Western institutions.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize the importance of having a medical translator for complex oncology terms. They recommend securing a detailed treatment plan in standard formats to ensure seamless coordination with home-country doctors.</p>"},{"q":"What side effects should I expect from radiation therapy, and how are they managed?","a":"<p>Patients undergoing stomach cancer radiation in Turkey should expect localized fatigue, skin irritation, and digestive changes. Most side effects appear within 2–3 weeks of starting treatment. Advanced technologies like Varian TrueBeam and MR-Linac help minimize damage to surrounding healthy organs, reducing the severity of these symptoms.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Digestive management:</strong> Nausea and appetite loss typically peak during weeks 2–3 of the treatment cycle.</li> <li><strong>Skin care:</strong> Expect redness or peeling; use unscented lotions and wear soft cotton clothing.</li> <li><strong>Fatigue control:</strong> Bone-deep exhaustion is common by week 4; short daily walks improve energy.</li> <li><strong>Dietary adjustment:</strong> Manage diarrhea with a food diary to identify spicy or dairy triggers.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from leading Istanbul centers like Anadolu Medical Center shows a trend toward using MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy. This technology allows doctors to adjust the radiation beam in real-time as the stomach moves during breathing. This precision significantly lowers the risk of late-stage digestive ulcers and chronic bowel issues compared to standard radiation.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients recommend eating a small meal before appointments while appetite is still present. They emphasize that anti-nausea medication like ondansetron is essential for maintaining a normal routine during peak weeks.</p"},{"q":"How long does the full radiation therapy course last?","a":"<p>A full radiation therapy course for stomach cancer typically lasts 5 to 6 weeks. Patients receive daily sessions Monday through Friday to allow healthy tissue recovery. The total treatment timeline, including initial sessions and post-therapy observation, generally spans 1 to 2 months.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Daily schedule:</strong> Sessions occur 5 days weekly with weekends off for cell recovery.</li> <li><strong>Session duration:</strong> Most appointments last 30 to 45 minutes including setup and positioning.</li> <li><strong>Radiation delivery:</strong> Active beam time usually lasts only 5 to 10 minutes per session.</li> <li><strong>Total sessions:</strong> Standard curative protocols involve 25 to 30 radiotherapy fractions in total.</li> <li><strong>Palliative timeline:</strong> Symptom-focused treatment may conclude faster, often within 1 to 2 weeks.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While standard protocols take 5 weeks, clinics like Memorial Şişli Hospital and Anadolu Medical Center use TrueBeam STx technology. This precision equipment often reduces daily beam time. It ensures higher dose accuracy which helps patients maintain better energy levels during the typical fatigue peak in week 4.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients find that fatigue starts during the third week of treatment. They recommend tracking skin changes and side effects from the first day to manage recovery effectively over the full 6-week period.</p>"},{"q":"What support services are provided for international patients?","a":"<p>Turkish oncology centers provide comprehensive logistical support including medical visa assistance, 24/7 multi-language translation, and coordinated airport-to-hotel transfers. Accredited facilities like Anadolu Medical Center and Memorial Şişli integrate clinical triage with personal coordination to ensure seamless transitions for stomach cancer patients receiving radiation therapy.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Travel logistics:</strong> Clinics arrange VIP airport pickups and ground transportation for all medical appointments.</li> <li><strong>Language support:</strong> Professional interpreters assist during radiation simulations and side-effect management consultations.</li> <li><strong>Visa assistance:</strong> Dedicated departments quickly handle invitation letters for e-visas and medical extensions.</li> <li><strong>Accommodation services:</strong> Staff assist with hotel bookings often located 10-15 minutes from the clinic.</li> <li><strong>Follow-up care:</strong> Centers provide free virtual check-ins and teleconsultations after patients return home.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While most clinics offer basic translation, top-tier centers like Anadolu Medical Center maintain formal affiliations with Johns Hopkins Hospital. This allows for international-standard care coordination. Some facilities even provide tailored meals for oncology patients and their families as part of their person-centered care certifications.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value having 24/7 access to English-speaking coordinators who manage everything from airport arrivals to medication schedules. Many recommend confirming translator availability specifically for technical radiation sessions to ensure clear communication with techs.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"How it works","kind":"content"},{"text":"How Much Does Radiation therapy for stomach cancer Cost in Turkey?","kind":"content"},{"text":"Discover the Best Radiation therapy for stomach cancer Clinics in Turkey: 20 Verified Options and Prices","kind":"content"},{"text":"Radiation therapy for stomach cancer Overview in Turkey","kind":"content"},{"text":"Our Trusted Doctors","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Video Stories from Bookimed Patients","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Reviews about Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights","kind":"ui"},{"text":"Share this content","kind":"ui"},{"text":"FAQ about Radiation therapy for stomach cancer in Turkey","kind":"content"},{"text":"Get a free consultation","kind":"ui"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}