{"meta":{"humanUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/","canonicalUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/","jsonUrl":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/data.json","title":"Best countries for Female to male (FTM) surgery — Prices & Packages | Bookimed","description":"9 verified clinics for Female to male (FTM) surgery across top countries. 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Specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, and cardiology.</p> <ul> <li>Performed 6,000+ surgeries and 93,000+ consultations in 2022 alone.</li> <li>Equipped with Gamma Knife ICON, CyberKnife, Da Vinci Xi, and 3-Tesla MRI.</li> <li>Treats both adults and children, with 108 private rooms and 15 luxury suites.</li> <li>ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and ISO 50001 certified for quality and environmental management.</li> </ul>","text_type":"short_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":220,"price_to":220,"currency":"USD","id":61183},"diagnostic":{"id":340,"name":"Plastic Surgery Consultation","alias":"plastic-surgery-consultation"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":6225,"alias":"hospital-ruber-internacional","name":"Hospital Ruber Internacional","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/6225-6ac3a2c7a2070.png","short_description":"<p>Hospital Ruber Internacional is a JCI-accredited private hospital in Madrid, Spain. 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staff","smooth coordination","natural-looking results","attentive aftercare","clear pricing"],"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/1686-6ac3a24114f41.png"},"text":"<p><strong>Quartz Hospital</strong> is a private multi-specialty medical center located in Istanbul, Turkey. The team specializes in urology, dental treatment, plastic surgery, and weight loss surgery. The hospital serves adult patients only. Each year, around 6,500 patients choose Quartz Hospital for medical care. The clinic is most frequently visited by patients from Europe, the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, Australia, and CIS countries.</p>\n","text_type":"short_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"","good_fit_for":"","why_its_ranked":""},"advertising_invoice_id":null,"reviews":[{"id":25472,"base_locale":"en","text":{"ru":"Больше всего меня беспокоило, как будет выглядеть конечный результат и оправдает ли он все эти мучения. Хотя в области челюсти у меня все еще остается сильная отечность, подтяжка подбородка уже дала потрясающий эффект. Это меня очень облегчило. Персонал и обстановка в клинике были на высшем уровне от начала до конца. При повороте головы чувствуется небольшая напряженность, но в целом все нормально. Хирург проделал хорошую работу, хотя я оценила их на 4 из 5, так как считаю, что после операции общение могло бы быть немного более внимательным. Самым сложным было, безусловно, спать с приподнятой головой. Это не очень приятно. Тем не менее, я бы порекомендовала эту клинику.","en":"My biggest worry was how the final result would look, and whether it would be worth the recovery. Even though I’m still quite puffy around my jawline, the lift in my jowls is already a dramatic improvement. That part is a huge relief. The staff and clinic environment were excellent from start to finish. Turning my head feels slightly tight but okay. The surgeon did good work, though I rated them a 4/5 as I felt some communication could have been a bit more compassionate after surgery.The most challenging part has absolutely been sleeping elevated. That's no fun. I would still recommend this clinic.","ar":"كان أكبر ما يقلقني هو شكل النتيجة النهائية، وما إذا كانت تستحق فترة النقاهة. مع أن منطقة الفك لا تزال منتفخة بعض الشيء، إلا أن شدّ منطقة الخدين يُعدّ تحسّنًا ملحوظًا. وهذا يُريحني كثيرًا. كان طاقم العمل وبيئة العيادة ممتازين من البداية إلى النهاية. أشعر ببعض الضيق عند تحريك رأسي، لكن لا بأس. لقد قام الجراح بعمل جيد، مع أنني أعطيه تقييم 4/5 لأنني شعرت أن التواصل كان يمكن أن يكون أكثر تعاطفًا بعد العملية. الجزء الأكثر صعوبة كان بلا شك النوم مع رفع الرأس. إنه أمر مزعج للغاية. ومع ذلك، ما زلت أنصح بهذه العيادة.","ua":"Найбільше я хвилювалася, як виглядатиме кінцевий результат і чи вартий він того, щоб пройти період відновлення. Хоча в області щелепи у мене все ще є набряки, підтяжка підборіддя вже дала разюче поліпшення. Це для мене величезне полегшення. Персонал і атмосфера в клініці були чудовими від початку до кінця. При повороті голови відчувається легка напруга, але це нормально. Хірург зробив хорошу роботу, хоча я оцінила їх на 4/5, оскільки вважаю, що після операції спілкування могло б бути трохи більш чуйним. Найскладнішим було, безперечно, спати з піднятою головою. Це неприємно. Я все одно рекомендую цю клініку.","pl":"Najbardziej martwiłam się tym, jak będzie wyglądał efekt końcowy i czy będzie wart tego okresu rekonwalescencji. Chociaż w okolicy linii żuchwy nadal mam spore obrzęki, to poprawę w wyglądzie podbródka widać już naprawdę wyraźnie. To dla mnie ogromna ulga. Personel i atmosfera w klinice były doskonałe od początku do końca. Podczas obracania głowy czuję lekkie napięcie, ale jest to do zniesienia. Chirurg wykonał dobrą robotę, choć oceniłam ich na 4/5, bo czułam, że po operacji komunikacja mogłaby być trochę bardziej empatyczna. Najtrudniejsze było zdecydowanie spanie z podniesioną głową. To nie jest przyjemne. Mimo to poleciłabym tę klinikę.","de":"Meine größte Sorge war, wie das Endergebnis aussehen würde und ob sich die Genesungsphase lohnen würde. Auch wenn mein Kieferbereich noch ziemlich geschwollen ist, ist die Straffung meiner Wangen bereits eine enorme Verbesserung. Das ist eine große Erleichterung. Das Personal und die Atmosphäre in der Klinik waren von Anfang bis Ende hervorragend. Beim Drehen des Kopfes spüre ich ein leichtes Ziehen, aber das ist okay. Der Chirurg hat gute Arbeit geleistet, allerdings habe ich die Klinik mit 4/5 bewertet, da ich das Gefühl hatte, dass die Kommunikation nach der Operation etwas einfühlsamer hätte sein können. Das Schwierigste war definitiv, mit erhöhtem Kopf zu schlafen. Das macht keinen Spaß. Ich würde diese Klinik dennoch weiterempfehlen.","es":"Mi mayor preocupación era cómo quedaría el resultado final y si merecería la pena pasar por la recuperación. Aunque todavía tengo bastante hinchazón en la línea de la mandíbula, la mejora en la flacidez de la papada ya es espectacular. Eso supone un gran alivio. El personal y el ambiente de la clínica fueron excelentes de principio a fin. Al girar la cabeza noto una ligera tirantez, pero no me molesta. El cirujano hizo un buen trabajo, aunque les doy una puntuación de 4/5 porque creo que la comunicación podría haber sido un poco más comprensiva después de la operación. Lo más difícil, sin duda, ha sido dormir con la cabeza elevada. No es nada divertido. Aun así, recomendaría esta clínica.","fr":"Ma plus grande inquiétude concernait le résultat final et je me demandais si cela valait la peine de passer par cette convalescence. Même si j’ai encore les joues assez enflées, le raffermissement de mes bajoues constitue déjà une amélioration spectaculaire. C’est un immense soulagement. Le personnel et l’environnement de la clinique ont été excellents du début à la fin. Je ressens une légère tension lorsque je tourne la tête, mais ça va. Le chirurgien a fait du bon travail, même si je leur ai attribué une note de 4/5 car j'ai trouvé que la communication aurait pu être un peu plus bienveillante après l'opération. Le plus difficile a sans aucun doute été de dormir la tête surélevée. Ce n'est pas une partie de plaisir. Je recommanderais tout de même cette clinique.","kz":"Менің ең үлкен алаңдаушылығым соңғы нәтиже қалай көрінетіні және оның қалпына келуге тұрарлық па екендігі болды. Жақ сүйегімнің айналасы әлі де ісініп тұрса да, жақ сүйектерімнің көтерілуі қазірдің өзінде айтарлықтай жақсару болды. Бұл үлкен жеңілдік. Қызметкерлер мен клиниканың ортасы басынан аяғына дейін керемет болды. Басымды бұрған кезде аздап қысылғандай сезінемін, бірақ жақсы. Хирург жақсы жұмыс істеді, дегенмен мен оларға 4/5 баға бердім, себебі операциядан кейін қарым-қатынас сәл мейірімдірек болуы мүмкін еді деп ойладым. Ең қиыны - жоғары қарай ұйықтау болды. Бұл қызық емес. Мен әлі де осы клиниканы ұсынар едім.","pt":"A minha maior preocupação era saber como ficaria o resultado final e se valeria a pena passar pelo período de recuperação. Apesar de ainda estar bastante inchada na zona da mandíbula, a elevação da papada já representa uma melhoria notável. Isso é um grande alívio. A equipa e o ambiente da clínica foram excelentes do início ao fim. Sinto um ligeiro aperto ao virar a cabeça, mas está tudo bem. O cirurgião fez um bom trabalho, embora eu lhes tenha dado uma classificação de 4/5, pois senti que a comunicação poderia ter sido um pouco mais atenciosa após a cirurgia. A parte mais difícil foi, sem dúvida, dormir com a cabeça elevada. Não é nada divertido. Ainda assim, recomendaria esta clínica.","id":"Kekhawatiran terbesar saya adalah bagaimana hasil akhirnya nanti, dan apakah proses pemulihannya sepadan. Meskipun area rahang saya masih agak bengkak, pengencangan pada dagu saya sudah menunjukkan perbaikan yang signifikan. Hal itu sungguh melegakan. Staf dan lingkungan kliniknya sangat baik dari awal hingga akhir. Saat memutar kepala, terasa sedikit kencang tapi masih bisa ditoleransi. Dokter bedahnya melakukan pekerjaan yang baik, meskipun saya memberi nilai 4/5 karena saya merasa komunikasi pasca operasi bisa sedikit lebih empati. Bagian yang paling menantang adalah tidur dengan posisi kepala ditinggikan. Itu sama sekali tidak menyenangkan. Saya tetap akan merekomendasikan klinik ini.","uz":"Mening eng katta tashvishim yakuniy natija qanday ko&#39;rinishi va tiklanishga arziydimi yoki yo&#39;qmi edi. Jag&#39;im atrofida hali ham shishib ketgan bo&#39;lsam ham, jag&#39;larimdagi ko&#39;tarilish allaqachon sezilarli yaxshilanishdir. Bu qism juda katta yengillik. Xodimlar va klinika muhiti boshidan oxirigacha a&#39;lo darajada edi. Boshimni burish biroz taranglashgandek tuyuldi, lekin yaxshi. Jarroh yaxshi ish qildi, lekin men ularga 4/5 baho berdim, chunki operatsiyadan keyin ba&#39;zi muloqotlar biroz mehrliroq bo&#39;lishi mumkin edi deb o&#39;yladim. Eng qiyin qismi, albatta, ko&#39;tarilgan holda uxlash edi. Bu unchalik qiziqarli emas. Men baribir bu klinikani tavsiya qilaman.","jp":"一番心配だったのは、最終的な仕上がりがどうなるか、そして回復期間に見合うだけの価値があるかどうかでした。顎のあたりはまだかなり腫れていますが、頬のたるみが引き締まったのはすでに劇的な改善です。その点については本当に安心しました。スタッフやクリニックの環境も、最初から最後まで素晴らしかったです。頭を動かすと少し張りを感じますが、問題ありません。 医師の手術は上手でしたが、術後のコミュニケーションがもう少し思いやりに満ちていれば良かったと感じたため、評価は5点満点中4点にしました。最も大変だったのは、間違いなく頭を高くして寝ることでした。あれは本当に辛いです。それでも、このクリニックはおすすめしたいです。","vn":"Điều tôi lo lắng nhất là kết quả cuối cùng sẽ như thế nào và liệu quá trình hồi phục có xứng đáng hay không. Mặc dù vùng hàm của tôi vẫn còn khá sưng, nhưng việc nâng vùng má đã cải thiện đáng kể. Điều đó khiến tôi rất nhẹ nhõm. Nhân viên và môi trường phòng khám đều tuyệt vời từ đầu đến cuối. Khi xoay đầu, tôi cảm thấy hơi cứng nhưng vẫn ổn. Bác sĩ phẫu thuật đã làm tốt, mặc dù tôi đánh giá họ 4/5 vì tôi cảm thấy một số giao tiếp sau phẫu thuật có thể thấu hiểu hơn một chút. Phần khó khăn nhất chắc chắn là ngủ với tư thế kê cao đầu. Điều đó không dễ chịu chút nào. Tuy nhiên, tôi vẫn sẽ giới thiệu phòng khám này.","cn":"我最担心的就是最终效果会如何，以及是否值得经历这段恢复期。虽然我的下颌线周围仍然有些肿胀，但下颌部位的提升效果已经有了显著改善。这一点让我松了一大口气。从头到尾，工作人员和诊所环境都非常出色。转动头部时感觉有些紧绷，但还好。 主刀医生的技术很棒，不过我给他们打了4分（满分5分），因为我觉得术后沟通方面可以再多些体贴。最难熬的部分绝对是保持抬高头部睡觉。那可真不好受。但我还是会推荐这家诊所。","it":"La mia preoccupazione principale era come sarebbe stato il risultato finale e se ne sarebbe valsa la pena, considerando il periodo di recupero. Anche se ho ancora un po’ di gonfiore intorno alla mascella, il lifting delle guance è già un miglioramento notevole. Questo mi dà un enorme sollievo. Il personale e l’ambiente della clinica sono stati eccellenti dall’inizio alla fine. Quando giro la testa sento un po’ di tensione, ma va bene così. Il chirurgo ha fatto un ottimo lavoro, anche se gli ho dato un voto di 4/5 perché ritengo che la comunicazione dopo l'intervento avrebbe potuto essere un po' più empatica. La parte più difficile è stata senza dubbio dormire con la testa sollevata. Non è affatto divertente. Consiglierei comunque questa clinica."},"likes":0,"dislikes":0,"images":[{"full_url":"review/6a15547deb56c_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15547deb56c_s.jpeg"},{"full_url":"review/6a15547ec33a1_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15547ec33a1_s.jpeg"},{"full_url":"review/6a15547f954d2_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15547f954d2_s.jpeg"},{"full_url":"review/6a15550a1ff39_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15550a1ff39_s.jpeg"},{"full_url":"review/6a15550ae98c5_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15550ae98c5_s.jpeg"},{"full_url":"review/6a15550ba1b24_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/6a15550ba1b24_s.jpeg"}],"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"doctor","value":4,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"personal","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"comfort","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"translation","value":0,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"recommend","value":10,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"manager","value":0,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"relative_price","value":0,"answers":[],"client_comment":""}],"clinic":{"id":1686,"name":"Quartz Hospital","alias":"quartz-clinique","geo":{"latitude":41.0499489,"longitude":28.9917868,"country":{"id":46,"name":"Turkey","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR","name_forms":{"base_form":"Turkey","form_15":"Istanbul"}},"city":{"id":107,"name":"Istanbul","name_forms":{"base_form":"Istanbul"},"alias":"istanbul","country_iso_code":"TR"},"address":"Teşvikiye, Abdi İpekçi Cd. No:19, 34367 Şişli/İstanbul, Турция"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":4.7,"facebook":0,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":89,"doctor":4.7,"comfort":4.8,"coordination":4.6,"manager":4.8,"translation":4.6,"personal":4.7},"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false,"created_at":"2022-05-27T16:26:43.062+00:00","updated_at":"2022-05-27T16:26:43.062+00:00"},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true,"created_at":"2023-09-26T15:47:18.695+00:00","updated_at":"2023-09-26T15:47:18.695+00:00"}]},"order":{"illness_kind":{"id":38,"name":"Plastic Surgery","alias":"plastic-surgery","name_forms":{"base_form":"Plastic Surgery","form_4":"plastic surgeon","form_6":"plastic surgeons","form_11":"plastic surgeons","form_12":"plastic surgeons"}},"illness":null,"operation":{"id":1324,"name":"Deep Plane Facelift","alias":"deep-plane-facelift","illness_kind_ids":[38],"name_forms":{"base_form":"Deep Plane Facelift"},"use_for_listing":true},"operation_ids":[1324],"diagnostic":null,"manager":{"id":442775,"name":"Mykola Kora"},"flow":"Autopublication bot"},"user":{"id":969643,"name":"Agnieszka ","country_code":"GB","country_name":"United Kingdom"},"created_at":"2026-05-24T08:56:49.298+00:00","summary":{"doctor":"The surgeon did good work.","clinic":"The staff and clinic environment were excellent from start to finish.","results":"Even though I’m still quite puffy around my jawline, the lift in my jowls is already a dramatic improvement.","experience":"I would still recommend this clinic.","positive":"The lift in my jowls is already a dramatic improvement."},"comment_about_bookimed":"","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true,"created_at":"2026-05-24T08:56:48.719+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-28T06:52:29.343+00:00"},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true,"created_at":"2026-05-24T08:56:48.719+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:05.539+00:00"},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true,"created_at":"2026-05-26T06:23:05.525+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-26T08:03:50.094+00:00"},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false,"created_at":"2026-05-26T07:47:12.024+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-26T07:47:12.024+00:00"},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false,"created_at":"2026-05-26T07:47:12.024+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-26T07:47:12.024+00:00"},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false,"created_at":"2026-05-29T02:30:04.702+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-29T02:30:04.702+00:00"}],"partner_response":null,"client_response":{"what_like_text":"The Bookined coordinator and the Quartz Clinic staff were fantastic: supportive, helpful, compassionate. All updates were communicated to me promptly. The hotel booked for me is really excellent, with smooth transfers and kind drivers. Spot on!","what_not_like_text":"I didn't give the doctor 5 stars because she made me cry the day after surgery. She could adopt a different approach towards me after surgery, with more understanding and compassion, especially since I was there on my own and at the end of the day, she's received all the information required, it doesn't matter from whom. The stress has a significant impact on me. Aside from that, she was great.","preview_to_review_text":""},"doctor":null,"comment_for_bookimed":""},{"id":27712,"base_locale":"en","text":{"en":"The doctor was excellent and gentle, drawing the beard shape with me right before she personally performed the entire procedure of over 3,000 grafts. Everything went well. Communication was timely and consistent, and I'm feeling better than expected in these early stages. The clinic has stayed in touch and provided a clear aftercare guide. Not much could be better, though I'd suggest bringing headphones for the long procedure and sunglasses for the light. My main advice for future patients is to ask about the recovery process in advance—it was something I hadn't really considered until after it started."},"likes":0,"dislikes":0,"images":[],"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"doctor","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"personal","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"comfort","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"translation","value":5,"answers":[],"client_comment":""},{"name":"recommend","value":10,"answers":[],"client_comment":""}],"clinic":{"id":1686,"name":"Quartz Hospital","alias":"quartz-clinique","geo":{"latitude":41.0499489,"longitude":28.9917868,"country":{"id":46,"name":"Turkey","alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR","name_forms":{"base_form":"Turkey","form_15":"Istanbul"}},"city":{"id":107,"name":"Istanbul","name_forms":{"base_form":"Istanbul"},"alias":"istanbul","country_iso_code":"TR"},"address":"Teşvikiye, Abdi İpekçi Cd. 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The doctor was excellent and gentle. I feel that communication was timely and consistent. Everything went well and I think the results will be great. ","what_not_like_text":"Not much. Maybe headphones and music during the procedure. It was pretty long. Sunglasses for the light. ","preview_to_review_text":""},"doctor":null,"comment_for_bookimed":""},{"id":27779,"base_locale":"fr","text":{"en":"","fr":"Ce qui m'a le plus marqué, c'est le sentiment d'être vraiment accompagné tout au long du processus. La prise en charge était excellente. J'ai trouvé une équipe toujours présente et chaleureuse, ce qui est très rassurant. Le chirurgien a pris le temps de m'expliquer clairement la technique des cellules souches pour la greffe, qui a porté sur ma ligne frontale et mon vertex avec entre 1 000 et 2 000 greffons. Même maintenant, la clinique reste facile à joindre. Il n'y a eu aucuns frais supplémentaires, tout était transparent. 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This deep expertise in reconstructive techniques is vital for chest masculinization precision. Patients often find specialized urology clinics more focused on functional outcomes for complex bottom surgeries.</p><p><strong>What patients say:</strong> Patients note the surgery process is efficient with quick WhatsApp consultations and professional VIP treatment. They describe the experience as humanizing and affirming despite their initial travel concerns. Many emphasize feeling surprised by excellent pain management and the kindness shown by hospital staff.</p>","updated_at":"2026-05-02T12:05:40.000+00:00"},"why_is_ranked":{"alias":"why_is_ranked","text":"Hospitals in Istanbul offer immediate scheduling for complex surgeries. Turkish surgeons hold ISAPS memberships and are trained in methods like Double Incision and Periareolar for various body types.","updated_at":"2026-05-02T12:05:41.000+00:00"}}},"TH":{"texts":[],"entity_texts":{"best_for":{"alias":"best_for","text":"Gender-affirming care with travel coordination","updated_at":"2026-11-06T03:59:16.000+00:00"},"country_hub":{"alias":"country_hub","text":"<p>Thailand offers high medical standards for FTM surgery through specialized plastic surgery centers that handle thousands of international patients. Surgeons here utilize rigorous safety protocols. Costs for treatment range from _op_1367_price_from_ to _op_1367_price_to_. The medical environment combines technical skill with a culturally supportive atmosphere.</p><ul><li><strong>International accreditation.</strong> Facilities like Asia Cosmetic Hospital hold JCI and ISO certifications for safety.</li><li><strong>Surgeon credentials.</strong> Specialists like Dr. Pichet Rodchareon are members of ASPS and ISAPS.</li><li><strong>Case volume.</strong> Top Bangkok clinics handle 3,000+ patients annually, building deep clinical expertise.</li><li><strong>Specialized facilities.</strong> PPSI uses positive pressure operating rooms and HEPA filters to reduce infection.</li></ul><p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Bangkok clinics often bundle multiple steps of the transition into a single surgical plan. Centers like Rattinan Clinic are recognized as top plastic surgery companies. This allows patients to undergo breast surgery and body contouring during the same medical trip. Such coordination helps reduce the number of necessary flights and anesthesia sessions.</p><p><strong>What patients say:</strong> Patients note that choosing surgeons accredited by the Royal Thai College of Plastic Surgeons is vital. They appreciate the welcoming environment but suggest confirming the surgeon's specific history with masculinizing procedures. Most find the level of care and professional standards in Bangkok centers to be very reassuring.</p>","updated_at":"2026-07-04T07:11:12.000+00:00"},"why_is_ranked":{"alias":"why_is_ranked","text":"JCI-accredited hospitals and board-certified surgeons perform 3,000+ aesthetic procedures annually. Specialized centers offer end-to-end services, including chest masculinization and phalloplasty, under strict national medical regulations.","updated_at":"2026-07-04T07:11:13.000+00:00"}}},"PL":{"texts":[],"entity_texts":{"best_for":{"alias":"best_for","text":"Private gender-affirming care with reduced waiting times","updated_at":"2026-05-01T00:19:34.000+00:00"},"country_hub":{"alias":"country_hub","text":"<p>Poland offers high medical standards and faster access to gender-affirming care through private centers. Patients bypass long public waiting lists. Clinics follow strict European Union safety protocols. Direct access to specialist urological and plastic surgery teams makes it a practical choice for international patients.</p><ul><li><strong>EU medical standards.</strong> Polish facilities must follow rigorous safety laws set by the European Union.</li><li><strong>Specialized expertise.</strong> Centers like Sienna Clinic in Warsaw specialize specifically in FTM top surgery.</li><li><strong>Surgeon credentials.</strong> Dr. Antoni Krajewski specializes in aesthetic surgery at major Warsaw medical institutions.</li><li><strong>Urology focus.</strong> Teams in Poland integrate urological and plastic surgery for complex bottom surgery procedures.</li></ul><p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Warsaw clinics provide focused care for top surgery. Dr. Antoni Krajewski is noted for exceptional empathy toward LGBTQ+ patients. This cultural competence is vital for a comfortable and stress-free surgical recovery process.</p><p><strong>What patients say:</strong> Patients note that top surgery scars heal well within 6 months. Having English-speaking staff at private clinics provides significant relief. Many choose Poland for its solid recovery support in cities like Warsaw and Krakow.</p>","updated_at":"2026-05-01T00:19:33.000+00:00"},"why_is_ranked":{"alias":"why_is_ranked","text":"Private clinics follow EU safety standards and provide faster treatment access than Western public health systems. Specialist surgeons offer empathetic care and natural results for mastectomy and reconstruction.","updated_at":"2026-05-01T00:19:34.000+00:00"}}}},"offersByCountry":{"TR":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}},"TH":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}},"PL":{"cards":[],"metadata":{"total_count":0}}},"doctors":{"doctors":[{"doctor":{"id":6135,"alias":"tanongsak-panyawirunroj","name":"Tanongsak Panyawirunroj","clinic_id":3410,"photo":"doctor/649d82e579f8f","first_year_working":1998,"created_at":"2023-06-29T13:11:00.773+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Tanongsak Panyawirunroj is a leading plastic surgeon at Asia Cosmetic Hospital in Bangkok. He has performed 15,000+ operations throughout his career. Dr. Tanongsak specializes in transformative procedures like rhinoplasty and sexual reassignment surgery. He completed fellowships in the US, Canada, South Korea, and Taiwan.</p><ul><li>Official representative of the Korean Society of Plastic Surgeons.</li><li>Maintains membership with the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS).</li><li>Performs complex facial feminization (FFS) and orthognathic surgeries.</li><li>Practices at a JCI-accredited facility with a 0% post-surgery complication rate.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":15000,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/677f506295449.jpeg","name":"Certificate of Training JW Plastic Surgery Center in Seoul, South Korea"}]},"clinic":{"id":3410,"alias":"asia-cosmetic-hospital","name":"Asia Cosmetic Hospital","short_description":"<p>Asia Cosmetic Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility in Bangkok specializing in cosmetic plastic surgery and bariatric surgery. It holds ISO certification, Hospital Accreditation, and a 0% rate of post-surgery complications.</p> <ul> <li>Received the “Best Regional Hospital” award from the Socrates committee in Oxford.</li> <li>Named Breast Augmentation Clinic of the Year and Face-Lifting Surgery Clinic of the Year in Asia-Pacific (GlobalHealth Aesthetics Awards 2023).</li> <li>Principal surgeon is an active member of the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) and the Royal College of Surgeons Thailand.</li> <li>Treats around 2,500 patients per year with a 10-department structure including International Marketing.</li> <li>Runs a CSR project offering free plastic surgery for disabled individuals since 2013.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/63bd10baa8a69","title":"Asia Cosmetic Hospital exterior, white building with gold accents in Thailand"},{"base_url":"clinic/669b69376019b","title":"Medical staff team at Asia Cosmetic Hospital reception, Thailand"},{"base_url":"clinic/63bd10bc59339","title":"Luxurious reception area at Asia Cosmetic Hospital with chandelier and red curtains"},{"base_url":"clinic/669b697b36c27","title":"Patient room at Asia Cosmetic Hospital with modern medical equipment and amenities"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thailand","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"6 Soi Rattanathibet 30, Tambon Bang Kraso, ตำบลตลาดขวัญ, Chang Wat Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":4,"google":4.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":69},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":23,"doctors_number":10,"year_foundation":2012},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/61779fac22b09.jpeg","name":"Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9bf05406ce.jpeg","name":"Royal College of Surgeons Thailand"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9b5cec5a7a.jpeg","name":"The Institute of Hospital Quality Improvement and Accreditation"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9835a5ab1a.jpeg","name":"International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","country_code":"DE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"International Organization for Standardization","country_code":"CH"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Saran Wannachamras brings extensive expertise in FTM surgery, trained internationally in plastic and reconstructive surgery.</p><ul><li>Trained at East Virginia School in the USA</li><li>Member of the Society of Plastic Aesthetic Surgeons of Thailand</li><li>Part of Operation Smile for cleft lip and palate surgery</li><li>Recognized by the Royal College of Surgeons of Thailand</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":8533,"alias":"saran-wannachamras","name":"Saran Wannachamras","clinic_id":5983,"photo":"doctor/675fb5ffe20d6","first_year_working":1995,"created_at":"2024-09-26T10:52:54.632+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Saran Wannachamras is the CEO and Head of the Rhinoplasty &amp; Sex Change Department at Wansiri Hospital. He specializes in gender reassignment, breast surgery, and facial reconstruction. Dr. Wannachamras received physician training in plastic surgery at the East Virginia Medical School in the US. He treats over 2,000 international patients annually at Wansiri Hospital.</p><ul><li>Named the Most Trusted Breast Specialist in Thailand by the Hello Beauty Awards.</li><li>Member of the Society of Plastic Aesthetic Surgeons of Thailand.</li><li>Fellow of the International College of Surgeons in Plastic Surgery.</li><li>Professional member of Operation Smile, focusing on cleft lip and palate repair.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"sur.004","name":"Transplant surgeon","illness_kind_id":40}],"statistics":{"review_count":1,"review_score":5,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/677f58f365d4b.jpeg","name":"Hello Beauty Award - The Most Trusted Breast Specialist in Thailand"}]},"clinic":{"id":5983,"alias":"wansiri-hospital","name":"Wansiri Hospital","short_description":"<p>Wansiri Hospital is a private Bangkok center with 99% success for tummy tucks, liposuction, facelifts, and MTF. It specializes in plastic surgery, OB/GYN, and general surgery. Accredited by the Royal College of Surgeons Thailand.</p> <ul> <li>Operating rooms meet Clean Room standards with advanced air filtration systems.</li> <li>30 doctors certified by the Medical Council work across 9 departments.</li> <li>Serves around 2,000 patients annually from Europe, the Americas, Australia, and Asia.</li> <li>Full range of aesthetic and reconstructive procedures available in one location.</li> <li>Automated touchless features help reduce infection risk.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/66fd1bee26a14","title":"Modern glass facade of Wansiri Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand"},{"base_url":"clinic/66f53b31eb76f","title":"Modern reception area at Wansiri Hospital, Bangkok with glass elevator and seating"},{"base_url":"clinic/66f537c09b08b","title":"Modern waiting area at Wansiri Hospital with white seating and large windows"},{"base_url":"clinic/6707627129767","title":"Wansiri Hospital surgeon team in white coats at modern clinic interior, Thailand"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thailand","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"195 5 Rama 3 Rd, Bang Khlo, Bang Kho Laem, Bangkok 10120, Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":4.5,"google":4.8,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":87},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":32,"doctors_number":30,"year_foundation":2021},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9bf05406ce.jpeg","name":"Royal College of Surgeons Thailand"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Professor Cemal Firat specializes in reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, including FTM procedures, at Medical Park Antalya Hospital Complex.</p><ul><li>Expert in microsurgery and nerve reconstruction</li><li>Published research on breast reduction techniques</li><li>Professor at İnönü University Faculty of Medicine</li><li>Specializes in complex reconstructive cases</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":9308,"alias":"cemal-firat","name":"Cemal Firat","clinic_id":417,"photo":"doctor/679200e7c5456","first_year_working":2002,"created_at":"2025-01-23T08:42:14.754+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Cemal Firat is a professor of plastic surgery at Medical Park Antalya. He focuses on microsurgery and complex reconstructive procedures. He treats nerve injuries, cleft palates, and skin tumors. Dr. Firat works at a facility that holds international health tourism certification.</p><ul><li>Specializes in maxillofacial surgery and breast reconstruction.</li><li>Performs aesthetic procedures including rhinoplasty, facelifts, and liposuction.</li><li>Researches clinical burn wound healing and nerve regeneration.</li><li>Served as an education coordinator at Inonu University.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"aes.001","name":"Aesthetic Doctor","illness_kind_id":39}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":417,"alias":"memorial-antalya-hospital","name":"Memorial Antalya Hospital","short_description":"<p>Memorial Antalya Hospital is a JCI-accredited private hospital. It was the first in Turkey licensed for liver and kidney transplants. The hospital treats 1.6 million patients annually across oncology, general surgery, and plastic surgery.</p><ul> <li>80% of cancer patients receive radiotherapy with a TrueBeam STx linear accelerator.</li> <li>Cancer treatment protocols follow NCCN and ESMO international guidelines.</li> <li>General surgery covers breast-saving operations, reconstruction, and gastric bypass.</li> <li>Plastic surgery includes rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, and liposuction.</li> <li>International patients can stay at a 5-star guest house with free airport transfer and interpreters.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5bc701cecbdc8","title":"Memorial Antalya Hospital exterior with modern facade and landscaped entrance"},{"base_url":"clinic/5bc701c91fd31","title":"Memorial Antalya Hospital exterior with modern facade and landscaped entrance"},{"base_url":"clinic/5bc701d0d0836","title":"Memorial Antalya Hospital exterior illuminated at night in Turkey"},{"base_url":"clinic/5bc701ca19c5f","title":"Neonatal intensive care unit at Memorial Antalya Hospital with medical team and equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Antalya","id":382,"alias":"antalya"},"address":"Zafer Mah. Yıldırım Beyazıt Cad. No: 91, Kepez/Antalya, Turkey"},"rating":{"rating":4.6,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":91},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":152,"doctors_number":0,"year_foundation":2010},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Krajewski combines expertise in surgery and aesthetic medicine – particularly empathetic towards the LGBTQ+ community.</p><ul><li>Specialized at Międzyleski Specialist Hospital's Department of General, Vascular, and Oncological Surgery</li><li>Leads training courses in FUE hair transplantation technique</li><li>Continuously updates skills through international training and symposia</li><li>Prioritizes patient safety and comfort during procedures</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":11535,"alias":"antoni-krajewski","name":"Antoni Krajewski","clinic_id":7612,"photo":"doctor/69c17b152324a","first_year_working":2011,"created_at":"2026-03-23T17:40:36.216+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Antoni Krajewski is a specialist in general surgery and aesthetic medicine at Sienna Clinic. He leads FUE hair transplantation courses in collaboration with the Luxmed Medical Education Center. His practice focuses on hair restoration and gender-affirming top surgery. Dr. Krajewski is recognized for his empathetic focus on the LGBTQ+ community.</p><ul><li>Specializes in FUE hair transplants, eyelid correction, and facial plastic surgery.</li><li>Performs gender-affirming procedures including FTM top surgery and chest masculinization.</li><li>Serves as a trainer in aesthetic medicine and hair transplantation techniques.</li><li>Treats general surgical conditions such as inguinal and umbilical hernias.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"hts.001","name":"Hair transplant surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"sur.010","name":"General surgeon","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":7612,"alias":"sienna-clinic","name":"Sienna Clinic","short_description":"<p>Sienna Clinic is a private multi-specialty center in Warsaw with a strong focus on urology, phlebology, and plastic surgery. It serves adult patients from Europe and the Commonwealth. The clinic offers both minimally invasive and advanced surgical treatments.</p> <ul> <li>All procedures are performed by a team of 12 specialists across 5 departments.</li> <li>On-site diagnostic imaging includes ultrasound for pre-surgical planning.</li> <li>Treatments cover varicose vein removal, EVLA, facelifts, blepharoplasty, tummy tucks, gynecomastia surgery, and top surgery.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/69c178b0be75a","title":"Reception area at Sienna Clinic with modern decor and comfortable patient seating"},{"base_url":"clinic/69c178f4cce06","title":"Reception area at Sienna Clinic with modern wooden desk and elegant decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/69c178fe0dbc0","title":"Reception desk at Sienna Clinic with modern wood design and soft lighting"},{"base_url":"clinic/69c17908b2752","title":"Waiting area at Sienna Clinic with modern sofa and coffee tables"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Poland","id":17,"alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},"city":{"name":"Warsaw","id":18,"alias":"warsaw"},"address":"Sienna 86, 00-815 Warszawa, Poland"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":12,"year_foundation":2018},"accreditations":[]},"images":[{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/6a0b22f7db11f.jpeg","seo_alt":"Before and after FTM top surgery results at Sienna Clinic – chest masculinization outcome"},{"image_url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/operations_images/6a0b22f7dd394.jpeg","seo_alt":"Before and after female to male (FTM) top surgery results at Sienna Clinic"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":4276.06574082862,"price_to":10061.331154890871,"currency":"USD","id":55376},"operation":{"id":1367,"name":"Female to male (FTM) surgery","alias":"female-to-male-ftm-surgery"}}]},{"doctor":{"id":12149,"alias":"rafal-kuzlik-12149","name":"Rafal Kuzlik ","clinic_id":7995,"photo":"doctor/6a182c39290ea","first_year_working":1996,"created_at":"2026-05-28T11:51:20.075+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Rafal Kuzlik is a gynecologist and reconstructive surgeon at SaskaMed in Warsaw. He authored the internationally recognized One Cut, Linear Z, and Double O surgical techniques. These methods focus on aesthetic and functional gynecology. Dr. Kuzlik has performed approximately 10,000 operations. He practices in both Poland and Dubai.</p><ul><li>Developed original techniques for labiaplasty and clitoral repositioning.</li><li>Served as former Head of Gynecology at EMC St. Anne’s Hospital.</li><li>General Secretary of the World Academy of Regenerative and Aesthetic Gynecology.</li><li>Trains physicians globally on surgical techniques in functional gynecology.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"oag.002","name":"Gynecologist","illness_kind_id":35},{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"regmed.","name":"Regenerative medicine specialist","illness_kind_id":70}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":10000},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/6a26deb530421.jpeg","name":"European accreditation Council For Continuing Medical Education"},{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/6a281719eb1fc.jpeg","name":"International Society of Cosmetogynecology"},{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/6a28334456343.jpeg","name":"International Cosmetic Gynecology"},{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/6a2833929e014.jpeg","name":"EuroSciCon Conference"}]},"clinic":{"id":7995,"alias":"klinika-saska-med","name":"Klinika Saska Med","short_description":"<p>Klinika Saska Med is a private single-specialty medical center located in Warsaw, Poland, specializing in urology, surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology. The clinic serves both adults and children, with approximately 1,200 patients choosing Klinika Saska Med for medical care each year. Most patients come from Europe and the Commonwealth, as well as Arab League countries.</p>\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a1839877ed6d","title":"Reception desk at Klinika Saska Med Warsaw with flowers and modern decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a1839924de9b","title":"Clinic entrance of Klinika Saska Med in Warsaw, modern exterior design"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a184a1286618","title":"Gynecology treatment room with modern equipment at Klinika Saska Med, Warsaw"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a184a5266f57","title":"Doctor's lounge at Klinika Saska Med, modern white interior in Warsaw clinic"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Poland","id":17,"alias":"poland","iso_code":"PL"},"city":{"name":"Warsaw","id":18,"alias":"warsaw"},"address":"Jana Nowaka-Jeziorańskiego 48, 03-982 Warszawa, Poland"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2016},"accreditations":[]}},{"doctor":{"id":18644,"alias":"manel-alos","name":"Manel Alos","clinic_id":8582,"photo":"doctor/6aaa6ef8ca576","first_year_working":2020,"created_at":"2026-09-16T10:27:03.497+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Manel Alos is a plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgeon in Zaragoza, Spain. He is a member of the Gender Medic team at Clínica San Clemente. He has five years of surgical experience. He provides gender-affirming surgical care with a focus on safety and natural results.</p>\n<p>He performs the full range of reconstructive plastic surgery and gender-affirming procedures. He tailors each plan to the patient. He completed advanced training in gender-affirming surgery at IM GENDER Clinic, a leading European center dedicated to transgender healthcare.</p>\n<p>His experience includes reconstructive microsurgery, oncologic reconstruction, and aesthetic surgery. He upholds high standards of patient safety and evidence-based care.</p>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"aes.001","name":"Aesthetic Doctor","illness_kind_id":39}],"statistics":{}},"clinic":{"id":8582,"alias":"clinic-san-clemente","name":"Gender Medic Unit","short_description":"<p>Clinic San Clemente is a private plastic surgery and aesthetic medicine center in Zaragoza, Spain. It specializes in breast surgery, body contouring, and facial procedures. Founded in 2013, the clinic is led by Dr. Sonia Peña. The medical team treats 5,000 patients each year. So far, they have performed over 5,000 breast surgeries.</p><p>The clinic won the WhatClinic Patient Service Award. Recovery combines manual lymphatic drainage with Indiba technology. Advanced tools include the Nanopore Turbo-Roller for microneedling and IPL laser systems. The clinic also runs a humanitarian program for acid attack survivors through Fundación Sigo Adelante.</p>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6aaa574973bd0","title":"Reception area at San Clemente Clinica Estetica with modern interior design"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aabf084187ca","title":"Surgical team performing operation at Gender Medic Unit with modern monitoring equipment"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aad27572539e","title":"Modern exterior of Hospital HC Miraflores clinic building"},{"base_url":"clinic/6aabf09941a14","title":"Surgical team performing operation in advanced operating room at Gender Medic Unit"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Zaragoza","id":1598,"alias":"zaragoza"},"address":"Calle de Felipe Sanclemente, 4, Casco Antiguo, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":8,"year_foundation":2013},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9b2ea8f30b.jpeg","name":"Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Plastica Reparadora y Estetica","country_code":"ES"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9b78223cfe.jpeg","name":"Asociación Española de Cirugía Estética Plástica","country_code":"ES"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":10804,"alias":"casar-casado-sanchez","name":"Cásar Casado Sánchez","clinic_id":6225,"photo":"doctor/68f104f7b5c69","first_year_working":2008,"created_at":"2025-10-16T14:45:09.278+00:00","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":6225,"alias":"hospital-ruber-internacional","name":"Hospital Ruber Internacional","logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/clinic_logo/6225-6ac3a2c7a2070.png","short_description":"<p>Hospital Ruber Internacional is a JCI-accredited private hospital in Madrid, Spain. Ranked among Spain's top 6 hospitals by Forbes. 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Over 150 doctors serve 200,000+ patients annually.</p> <ul> <li>Advanced PET-CT and Linear Accelerator for precise cancer diagnosis and treatment.</li> <li>Chemotherapy unit on a separate floor that accommodates 58 patients.</li> <li>VM Floor with spacious rooms built to boutique hotel standards.</li> <li>Center of Excellence accreditations for robotic, colorectal, and bariatric surgery.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/66aa0037394ea","title":"Medical Park Göztepe Hospital Complex modern clinic exterior in Istanbul"},{"base_url":"clinic/66a9fff90b5e6","title":"Rehabilitation therapy with advanced tilt table at Medical Park Göztepe Hospital Complex"},{"base_url":"clinic/66aa000c8ac3f","title":"Elevator lobby at Medical Park Göztepe Hospital Complex, modern hospital interior"},{"base_url":"clinic/66aa00152aa62","title":"Patient lounge at Medical Park Göztepe Hospital Complex with modern seating"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Istanbul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"İskender Paşa Mh. 34091 Fatih"},"rating":{"rating":4.4,"google":3.1,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":35,"doctors_number":6000,"year_foundation":1993},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db982e01da4b.jpeg","name":"International Organization for Standardization","country_code":"CH"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc0068d86f97.jpeg","name":"Robotic Surgery Center of Exellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc00432c38f9.jpeg","name":"Colorectal Surgery Center for Excellence","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dc2b909d3bff.jpeg","name":"Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence","country_code":"US"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Rodchareon specializes in a wide range of gender-affirming procedures, including facial masculinization and top surgery, with international training in plastic surgery techniques.</p><ul><li>Board certified in Plastic Surgery in Thailand</li><li>International member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons</li><li>Trained in aesthetic craniofacial surgery in the Asian-Pacific region</li><li>Completed cutaneous laser training in Barcelona, Spain, and Boston, USA</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":7233,"alias":"pichet-rodchareon-md","name":"Pichet Rodchareon Md","clinic_id":5191,"photo":"doctor/65c4d1f5c5954","first_year_working":1991,"created_at":"2024-02-08T13:07:00.814+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Pichet Rodchareon has performed 3,000+ aesthetic surgical procedures at Bangkok Plastic Surgery. He is a board-certified plastic surgeon specializing in male-to-female and female-to-male sex reassignment. Dr. Rodchareon earned his medical degree from Chulalongkorn University in Thailand. He is an international member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.</p><ul><li>Completed over 3,000 surgeries including facial feminization and body contouring.</li><li>Active member of the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS).</li><li>Performed specialized training in laser resurfacing, hand surgery, and maxillofacial techniques.</li><li>Treats patients at Bangkok Plastic Surgery, a top-ranked cosmetic provider in Thailand.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":5191,"alias":"bangkok-plastic-surgery","name":"Bangkok Plastic Surgery","short_description":"<p>Bangkok Plastic Surgery is a boutique clinic led by an internationally certified plastic surgeon. The clinic focuses on aesthetic procedures and surgical enhancements. It is recognized as a top cosmetic surgery provider in Thailand.</p> <ul> <li>The surgeon holds certifications from ISAPS and the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.</li> <li>Over 3,000 surgeries completed with a natural-looking, ethnic-aware approach.</li> <li>Every procedure respects the patient's unique facial structure and identity.</li> <li>Around 100 patients annually for highly personalized care.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/65c4d3db9c62a","title":"Medical team at Bangkok Plastic Surgery Clinic in modern hospital corridor"},{"base_url":"clinic/65c4d3e4ac23a","title":"Consultation room at Bangkok Plastic Surgery with doctor and patient"},{"base_url":"clinic/65c4d4cf2781a","title":"Consultation room at Bangkok Plastic Surgery with modern furnishings and equipment"},{"base_url":"clinic/65c59bb30ec67","title":"Operating room at Bangkok Plastic Surgery with advanced surgical equipment"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Thailand","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"422 Inthamara 20 Alley, Din Daeng, Thailand, Bangkok, 10400"},"rating":{"rating":4.5,"google":4.6,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":75},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":4,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2002},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/61779fac22b09.jpeg","name":"Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d88bd61a3cbb.jpeg","name":"American Society of Plastic Surgeons","country_code":"US"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Board-certified in Plastic & Aesthetic Surgery, Hand Surgery, and Trauma Surgery – Dr. Eljabu combines advanced surgical skills with aesthetic precision for natural-looking results.</p><ul><li>Trained in the UK and Germany, with further specialization in Sweden and Turkey</li><li>Member of Rhinoplasty Society of Europe and American Society of Plastic Surgeons</li><li>Expertise in breast surgery and body contouring procedures</li><li>CEO and Head Surgeon at Esthétique du Nord Hamburg</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":11274,"alias":"walid-eljabu","name":"Walid Eljabu","clinic_id":7309,"photo":"doctor/6a23e635f0011","first_year_working":2006,"created_at":"2026-01-24T11:14:16.615+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Walid Eljabu is one of the few surgeons triple board-certified in plastic surgery, hand surgery, and trauma surgery. He serves as the Head Surgeon at Esthétique du Nord in Hamburg. Dr. Eljabu specializes in facial rejuvenation, breast surgery, and complex body contouring like inverse abdominoplasty. His background in microsurgery ensures high precision during aesthetic procedures.</p><ul><li>Triple German Board Certification in Plastic, Hand, and Trauma Surgery.</li><li>Diplomate of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (MRCSEd).</li><li>Active member of ISAPS and the Rhinoplasty Society of Europe.</li><li>Completed specialized surgical training in the UK, Germany, Sweden, and Turkey.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"sur.021","name":"Breast surgeon","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":7309,"alias":"esthetique-du-nord","name":"Esthétique du Nord","short_description":"<p>Esthétique du Nord is a private plastic surgery clinic in central Hamburg. It is led by ISAPS member Walid Eljabu. It specializes in breast augmentation, rhinoplasty, and liposuction.</p> <ul> <li>Surgeon trained in Sweden, Turkey, the UK, and Germany.</li> <li>Surgical team has over 20 years of combined experience.</li> <li>Holds memberships in ASPS and Real Plastic Surgeon.</li> <li>Located on Mönckebergstraße in central Hamburg.</li> <li>Treats adults only; many patients from Europe and Commonwealth countries.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/697614dd5eeac","title":"Esthétique du Nord Hamburg clinic logo with abstract face outline"},{"base_url":"clinic/69760fa316877","title":"Esthétique du Nord clinic sign with cosmetic surgery details in Germany"},{"base_url":"clinic/6997149b62d01","title":"Waiting area at Esthétique du Nord with leather sofa and colorful cushions"},{"base_url":"clinic/699714aa40394","title":"Waiting area with orange chairs at Esthétique du Nord clinic"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Germany","id":22,"alias":"germany","iso_code":"DE"},"city":{"name":"Hamburg","id":119,"alias":"gamburg"},"address":"HBF/Mönckebergstraße, 20095 Hamburg, Germany"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2023},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9835a5ab1a.jpeg","name":"International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","country_code":"DE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d88bd61a3cbb.jpeg","name":"American Society of Plastic Surgeons","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/651ec5415011b.jpeg","name":"Real Plastic Surgeon","country_code":"BE"}]}},{"card_text":"<p>Dr. Preeti Yadav at Konarc Aesthetics specializes in transformative cosmetic procedures with over _doctor_7649_years_ of experience.</p><ul><li>Holistic approach tailored to individual patient needs</li><li>Specializes in facial and body contouring procedures</li><li>Experienced in both surgical and non-surgical treatments</li><li>Focuses on enhancing beauty and confidence</li></ul>","doctor":{"id":7649,"alias":"preeti-yadav","name":"Preeti Yadav","clinic_id":5462,"photo":"doctor/663c7a2ede16e","first_year_working":2010,"created_at":"2024-05-09T07:24:30.143+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Preeti Yadav is a plastic surgeon at Konarc Aesthetics in Gurgaon. She holds an MCh in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Dr. Yadav treats patients at an ISAPS-accredited center serving 4,000 international visitors annually. She provides specialized care for women and teenagers focused on sustainable aesthetic solutions.</p><ul><li>Performs body sculpting including tummy tucks, lipo-sculpting, and thigh lifts.</li><li>Specializes in breast procedures such as reconstruction, reduction, and enlargement.</li><li>Treats facial concerns through rhinoplasty, jawline shaping, and blepharoplasty.</li><li>Offers hair restoration including FUE transplants and PRP therapy.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"hts.001","name":"Hair transplant surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.002","name":"Facial plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}},"clinic":{"id":5462,"alias":"konarc-aesthetics","name":"Konarc Aesthetics","short_description":"<p>Konarc Aesthetics is an ISAPS-accredited plastic surgery center in Gurgaon, India. It focuses on cosmetic and reconstructive surgery for adults and children. Each year, 4,000 patients from the Middle East, Asia, and the United States choose this clinic.</p> <ul> <li>Holds top-level ISAPS membership and is certified by IPRAS.</li> <li>The lead surgeon holds an MCh in Plastic Surgery from SMS Medical College.</li> <li>Treats patients from Arab League states, Asia, the USA, Canada, and Australia.</li> <li>Offers both aesthetic and reconstructive procedures for all age groups.</li> </ul>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/663c79236f1bc","title":"Konarc Aesthetics medical staff member in clinic hallway"},{"base_url":"clinic/663c79383052f","title":"Plastic surgeon Dr. Preeti Yadav at Konarc Aesthetics clinic in Gurgaon"},{"base_url":"clinic/663c793e7ead4","title":"Reception desk at Konarc Aesthetics clinic with modern wood panel design"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"India","id":32,"alias":"india","iso_code":"IN"},"city":{"name":"Gurgaon","id":94,"alias":"gurgaon"},"address":"3rd Floor, Plot no.2227, Block H, Sector 57, Gurugram, Haryana 122003, Gurgaon, India"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":2,"year_foundation":2023},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/61779fac22b09.jpeg","name":"Given to the doctor International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) Сertificate ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5d88d187ec1f8.jpeg","name":"International Confederation for Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery","country_code":"SE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db9835a5ab1a.jpeg","name":"International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","country_code":"DE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa176f33bb6.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Plastic surgery","country_code":"UA"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":21492,"alias":"joao-decio-ferreira","name":"João Décio Ferreira","clinic_id":8958,"first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2026-10-26T12:10:53.270+00:00","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":8958,"alias":"dr-marcio-littleton","name":"Dr. Marcio Littleton","short_description":"<p>Dr. Marcio Littleton is a plastic surgery clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The center focuses on facial, breast, and intimate reconstructive surgery. It also treats intersex conditions and vaginal agenesis. A team of three doctors performs aesthetic and gender-affirming procedures. They offer a unique neovagina technique using jejunal grafts. The clinic holds TEMOS accreditation.</p><p>Dr. Littleton graduated from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He trained further in Portugal, Spain, Serbia, and Thailand. He is a member of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Complex transgenitalization surgeries last about 9 hours. Patients usually stay in Rio for 21 days. Other services include Botox for gummy smile correction with quick recovery.</p>","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6adf258a008fc","title":"Operating room at Dr. Marcio Littleton Clinic with modern equipment and beach mural"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Brazil","id":31,"alias":"brazil","iso_code":"BR"},"city":{"name":"Rio de Janeiro","id":2518,"alias":"rio-de-janeiro"},"address":"Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.4,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":3},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5ceb725c9b963.jpeg","name":"TEMOS International Healthcare Accreditation","country_code":"DE"}]}},{"doctor":{"id":21491,"alias":"marcio-littleton","name":"Márcio Littleton","clinic_id":8958,"first_year_working":0,"created_at":"2026-10-26T12:10:52.058+00:00","short_description":"<p>Dr. Márcio Littleton is a plastic surgeon specializing in gender-affirming genital reconstruction. He is a member of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. Dr. Littleton completed his medical training at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro and finished surgical training in Boston, Bangkok, and Belgrade.</p><ul><li>Performs male-to-female transgenitalization using penile skin for clitoral hood construction.</li><li>Uses jejunal mucosal grafts for neocolpovulvoplasty procedures.</li><li>Performs female-to-male surgical options including metoidioplasty and neophalloplasty.</li><li>Member of the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery and the Société Monégasque de Chirurgie Plastique.</li></ul>","specialities":[{"id":"pls.001","name":"Plastic surgeon","illness_kind_id":38},{"id":"pls.003","name":"Reconstructive surgeon","illness_kind_id":38}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":8958,"alias":"dr-marcio-littleton","name":"Dr. Marcio Littleton","short_description":"<p>Dr. Marcio Littleton is a plastic surgery clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 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Nuhoglu","photo":"doctor/64085926586e0","advisory_text":"","linkedin":"","specialities":[{"id":"url.001","name":"Urologist","illness_kind_id":16}]},"direction":{"id":38,"name":"Plastic Surgery","alias":"plastic-surgery"},"illness_kind":{"id":38,"name":{"en":"Plastic Surgery"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work earlier; manual or heavy-lifting work later. Based on chest masculinization with free nipple grafts."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication after double-incision chest surgery within 90 days, mostly hematoma, infection, delayed healing or partial graft loss."},"contraindications":["Unstable serious medical conditions making general anesthesia unsafe","Active smoking or nicotine use","Uncontrolled diabetes or other conditions impairing wound healing","Active infection or untreated psychiatric condition affecting consent","Pregnancy","Very high BMI increasing anesthesia and wound risk"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually discharged same day; some surgeons keep patients one night for drain and pain monitoring."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking early; chest and upper-body exercise only after surgeon clearance and wound healing."},"final_result_months":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling, scar maturation and chest sensation settle gradually; revisions considered after this period."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After drain removal and first wound and graft check; depends on surgeon clearance and thrombosis risk."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","after":{"min":5,"max":8,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Drain removal, dressing change and nipple graft check."},"requirement":"routine"},{"purpose":"suture_removal","after":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Only if non-dissolvable sutures are used."},"requirement":"conditional"},{"purpose":"assessment","after":{"min":30,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of healing, swelling, scars and return to activity."},"requirement":"routine"},{"purpose":"result_review","after":{"min":180,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Assessment of contour, scars and nipple position; revision discussion if needed."},"requirement":"routine"}],"indications":["Gender dysphoria in transmasculine people","Persistent gender incongruence"],"main_risks":["Bleeding or hematoma","Infection and delayed wound healing","Scarring, including hypertrophic scars","Anesthesia-related complications and venous thromboembolism","Loss of nipple graft or skin necrosis (chest surgery)","Contour irregularities or asymmetry needing revision","Urethral fistula or stricture, flap complications (genital surgery)","Altered or lost sensation","Need for revision surgery"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative pain, usually controlled with oral analgesics for chest surgery. Genital reconstruction with flaps and donor sites causes more pain and needs longer analgesia.","preparation":["Mental health and medical assessment, with support letters where required","Preoperative blood tests and general fitness assessment","Stopping smoking and nicotine as advised by the surgeon","Hormone therapy and medicine review with the surgical team","Fasting before general anesthesia","Arranging help at home and aftercare for recovery"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Day of surgery","description":"Recovery from general anesthesia with compression dressing and drains in place. Discharge same day or next morning.","restrictions":["No driving","Keep dressings dry","Rest with head elevated"]},{"phase":"Days 1-7","description":"Moderate pain controlled with oral analgesics. Drains are removed and graft dressings checked.","restrictions":["No lifting arms above shoulder","No lifting over 2 kg","Sleep on back"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-4","description":"Swelling and tightness ease; return to desk work and daily activity. Compression garment is worn.","restrictions":["No strenuous exercise","No heavy lifting","Avoid sun on scars"]},{"phase":"Weeks 4-6","description":"Gradual return to lower-body exercise, then upper-body activity with surgeon approval.","restrictions":["No chest-loading exercise until cleared","No swimming until wounds healed"]},{"phase":"Months 3-12","description":"Scars mature and sensation gradually returns. Final contour is assessed.","restrictions":["Scar protection from sun","Scar care as advised"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":28,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to ordinary daily function; compression garment use and scar care continue longer."},"result_longevity":"Chest masculinization results are long-lasting; occasional revision may be needed.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Secondary procedures for contour, scars or nipple position after chest masculinization, within about 2 years."},"scars":"Permanent scars are expected. Their pattern depends on the operation: chest incisions along the chest or around the areola, or abdominal or donor-site scars for genital reconstruction.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation for chest masculinization; revision is occasional and not routine."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Chest masculinization surgery","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of operation."}},{"code":"drain_dressing_check","label":"Drain removal and graft check","after":{"min":5,"max":8,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Before travel home."}},{"code":"scar_review","label":"Healing and scar review","after":{"min":30,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Often done remotely or with a local doctor."}}],"qualifier":"Based on chest masculinization with free nipple grafts; genital surgery is staged separately."},"success":{"metric":"Patient satisfaction with chest masculinization result","value":93,"unit":"percent satisfied","horizon":"1 year after surgery","population":"Adult transmasculine patients after double-incision chest masculinization with free nipple grafts","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Chest masculinization (double incision with free nipple grafts)","suits_whom":"Patients with moderate to large breasts or excess skin","recovery":"Usually a short stay or day case, with drains or dressings for about 1 week and gradual return to activity over several weeks."},{"name":"Chest masculinization (periareolar or keyhole)","suits_whom":"Patients with small breasts and good skin elasticity","recovery":"Usually day surgery, with faster recovery than a double incision."},{"name":"Hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy","suits_whom":"Patients who want removal of the uterus and ovaries, often before genital surgery","recovery":"Usually about 2 to 6 weeks, depending on whether it is done by laparoscopic, vaginal or open surgery."},{"name":"Metoidioplasty","suits_whom":"Patients on testosterone who want genital reconstruction from the enlarged clitoris, with or without urethral lengthening","recovery":"Several days in hospital and weeks of limited activity."},{"name":"Phalloplasty (e.g., radial forearm or anterolateral thigh flap)","suits_whom":"Patients who want a larger phallus and, if desired, standing urination and later implant for penetration","recovery":"Often about 1 week in hospital and a prolonged multistage recovery over months."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case","inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for double-incision chest surgery with free nipple grafts under general anesthesia."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Front, side and oblique chest photos","Gender dysphoria assessment letters","Testosterone therapy start date and dosage","Recent hormone, blood count and liver tests","Medication list and medical history summary"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":3,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"One trip for chest surgery; staged genital surgery needs more trips."},"clinic_checks":null,"red_flags":null,"warning_signs":null,"take_home":null,"alternatives":null,"technique_details":null}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"en","language":"en","href":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=smena-pola-s-zhenskogo-na-muzhskoy/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ar","language":"ar","href":"https://ar.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"id","language":"id","href":"https://id.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"uk","language":"ua","href":"https://ua.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"kk","language":"kz","href":"https://kz.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"es","language":"es","href":"https://es.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"pt","language":"pt","href":"https://pt.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"de","language":"de","href":"https://de.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"fr","language":"fr","href":"https://fr.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"pl","language":"pl","href":"https://pl.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"it","language":"it","href":"https://it.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ja","language":"jp","href":"https://jp.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"},{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"en-AU","language":"en","href":"https://au.bookimed.com/clinics/procedure=female-to-male-ftm-surgery/"}],"questionsAndAnswers":[],"faqInSchema":false,"reviews":{"reviews":[{"id":18250,"user":{"id":697585,"name":"Tania Schmid","country_code":"CH","country_name":{"en":"Switzerland"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":1},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":4},{"name":"nps","value":8},{"name":"manager","value":5}],"text":{"en":"Very happy with the result of my top surgery."},"order":{"operation":{"id":1367,"name":{"en":"Female to male (FTM) surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":4251,"name":"Dr. Hakkı İzmirli Plastic Surgery Clinic","alias":"hi-clinic","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}]},"created_at":"2025-01-02T11:15:31.242+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"would_recommend","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"client_response":{"preview_to_review_text":{"en":"Very happy with the result of my top surgery."}},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"Very happy with the result of my top surgery."}}},{"id":24593,"user":{"id":986669,"name":"Shamy ","country_code":"ES","country_name":{"en":"Spain"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"Seeing the surgical site for the first time was the moment everything finally felt real. Even at just 15 days post-op, the initial aspect is already better than expected. We used the penile inversion technique, and while the results look promising, the recovery requires a lot of patience and steady commitment to the healing process. My biggest challenge at this stage is definitely the physical discomfort of being seated for a long time. It is a process. The clinic staff has been very attentive during my stay, and I am expecting to have the catheter removed very soon. To anyone else preparing for this surgery, it’s not easy but it is a good experience overall."},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":3410,"name":"Asia Cosmetic Hospital","alias":"asia-cosmetic-hospital","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2026-04-06T07:34:17.095+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false}],"summary":{"positive":{"en":"Even at just 15 days post-op, the initial aspect is already better than expected."}}},{"id":24810,"user":{"id":957857,"name":"Robert  Brooks","country_code":"US","country_name":{"en":"United States of America"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"My biggest worry was what the final result would look like. I can honestly say the initial appearance is better than expected. The surgeon used the penile inversion technique, and both the surgeon and the staff have been excellent. Recovery is, of course, a challenge. The catheter is manageable with proper care, and I am following the dilation schedule as instructed, but sitting for long periods is currently very difficult. It’s a real process. For anyone else getting ready for this, my advice is to be calm ☺️ and be happy for the wonderful physical change coming your way!"},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":5983,"name":"Wansiri Hospital","alias":"wansiri-hospital","flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}]},"created_at":"2026-04-19T16:00:28.723+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false}],"summary":{"positive":{"en":"I can honestly say the initial appearance is better than expected."}}},{"id":25197,"user":{"id":624097,"name":"Leanne Cathrina  Bentz ","country_code":"AU"},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"The initial appearance is honestly better than expected, even with all the healing that’s still to come. Seeing that was a huge relief. The surgeon and staff provided great support, making me feel secure from the start. Recovery is no joke. It was a positive step when the catheter was removed, but managing the dilation sessions has been very challenging. My biggest concern is the swelling, and I'm focused on trusting the process. The care and the surgical foundation are solid, which is why I'm rating everything positively."},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":5983,"name":"Wansiri Hospital","alias":"wansiri-hospital","flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}]},"created_at":"2026-05-14T07:50:53.165+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false}],"client_response":{"what_like_text":{"en":"Everything was perfect. The staff were kind, professional, and very supportive throughout the whole process. The doctor explained everything clearly and made me feel comfortable and cared for. The clinic was clean, organized, and exceeded my expectations. I’m very happy with my experience and grateful for the excellent care I received."},"what_not_like_text":{"en":"Nothing to complain about. Everything went smoothly and I was satisfied with the overall experience."}},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"The initial appearance is honestly better than expected, even with all the healing that’s still to come."}}},{"id":16110,"user":{"id":653182,"name":"Viktor  ","country_code":"DE","country_name":{"en":"Germany"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":2},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"nps","value":10},{"name":"manager","value":5}],"text":{"en":"The best thing that could have happened to me. I had a sex change. It was all quick and uncomplicated. In Germany I would have had to wait over 3 years, maybe even longer. Bookimed has made my life worth living again. Bookimed is currently the best intuition. I was pampered and all my wishes were fulfilled. Arrival, transfer, hotel, clinic..... Everything 💯 💥\nThank you bookimed, I love you all ❤️💋"},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":3060,"name":"Men's Health Clinics","alias":"aquahealth","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2024-07-20T11:42:27.479+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"would_recommend","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"images":[{"full_url":"review/669ba6055a4e4_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/669ba6055a4e4_s.jpeg"}],"client_response":{"preview_to_review_text":{"en":"The best thing that could have happened to me. I had a sex change. It was all quick and uncomplicated. In Germany I would have had to wait over 3 years, maybe even longer. Bookimed has made my life worth living again. Bookimed is currently the best intuition. I was pampered and all my wishes were fulfilled. Arrival, transfer, hotel, clinic..... Everything 💯 💥\nThank you bookimed, I love you all ❤️💋"},"what_like_text":{"en":"The staff everywhere was very kind, friendly and tolerant"}},"comment_about_bookimed":{"en":"Bookimed ist einfach das Beste was mir passieren konnte. Vielen lieben Dank für alles 💋❤️"},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"Thank you bookimed, I love you all ❤️💋"}}},{"id":21651,"user":{"id":747547,"name":"Martina Mackarel","country_code":"GB","country_name":{"en":"United Kingdom"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":2},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"nps","value":10},{"name":"manager","value":5}],"text":{"en":"The hospital is great. I have been looked after since the moment I arrived. The medical outcome is superb. The nurses were very kind and attentive. The only suggestion I would have is to pay in advance as foreign bank transfers can be tricky. I wholeheartedly recommend Wansiri Hospital"},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":5983,"name":"Wansiri Hospital","alias":"wansiri-hospital","flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}]},"created_at":"2025-09-20T11:52:34.362+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"images":[{"full_url":"review/68d004652e7ba_b.jpeg","preview_url":"review/68d004652e7ba_s.jpeg"}],"client_response":{"preview_to_review_text":{"en":"The hospital is great. I have been looked after since the moment I arrived. The medical outcome is superb. The nurses were very kind and attentive. The only suggestion I would have is to pay in advance as foreign bank transfers can be tricky. I wholeheartedly recommend Wansiri Hospital"},"what_like_text":{"en":"Nurses and translator were so kind. The doctor was wonderful"},"what_not_like_text":{"en":"Everything was absolutely great!"}},"comment_about_bookimed":{"en":"Found me a great hospital at a great price. Very helpful. You can trust this service"},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"I wholeheartedly recommend Wansiri Hospital"}}},{"id":14920,"user":{"id":591307,"name":"Tami Ulrich ","country_code":"US","country_name":{"en":"United States of America"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":2},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"manager","value":0}],"text":{"en":"From the moment that I requested services to the time of recovery, everything has been perfect. I am two weeks out from surgery now, and just loving the look of everything so far. I can’t wait to further use his services."},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":2945,"name":"Dr. MED ","alias":"doctor-med","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2024-04-11T09:42:25.998+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"client_response":{"what_like_text":{"en":"Both the doctor as well as Yasmin"},"what_not_like_text":{"en":"N/A"}},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"From the moment that I requested services to the time of recovery, everything has been perfect."}}},{"id":18884,"user":{"id":760226,"name":"Vanessa Ralph","country_code":"AT","country_name":{"en":"Austria"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5},{"name":"relative_price","value":2},{"name":"doctor","value":5},{"name":"personal","value":5},{"name":"comfort","value":5},{"name":"coordination","value":5},{"name":"translation","value":5},{"name":"nps","value":10},{"name":"manager","value":5}],"text":{"en":"It is an excellent team with high competence and efficient problem solving, I had an excellent feeling and the trust in the doctors was always confirmed, I was completely cared for and I am grateful for this opportunity"},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":3060,"name":"Men's Health Clinics","alias":"aquahealth","flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}]},"created_at":"2025-02-24T15:44:29.258+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":true},{"name":"would_recommend","value":true},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false},{"name":"deactivated_clinic","value":false}],"client_response":{"preview_to_review_text":{"en":"It is an excellent team with high competence and efficient problem solving, I had an excellent feeling and the trust in the doctors was always confirmed, I was completely cared for and I am grateful for this opportunity"},"what_like_text":{"en":"Little pain, really pleasant"},"what_not_like_text":{"en":"The mattress in the hotel room😂"}},"comment_about_bookimed":{"en":"Probremless, fast, efficient, delivers what it promises!"},"summary":{"positive":{"en":"I was completely cared for and I am grateful for this opportunity"}}},{"id":26458,"user":{"id":1032220,"name":"Noa ","country_code":"US","country_name":{"en":"United States of America"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":5}],"text":{"en":"I would love for others to know they can rely on the team at wansiri."},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":5983,"name":"Wansiri Hospital","alias":"wansiri-hospital","flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}]},"created_at":"2026-07-23T23:28:14.175+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"coordinator_mentioned","value":false}],"summary":{"positive":{"en":"I would love for others to know they can rely on the team at wansiri."}}},{"id":25116,"user":{"id":917983,"name":"Robyn Summers","country_code":"US","country_name":{"en":"United States of America"}},"ratings":[{"name":"main","value":3},{"name":"doctor","value":3},{"name":"personal","value":2},{"name":"comfort","value":2},{"name":"translation","value":1},{"name":"manager","value":0},{"name":"relative_price","value":0}],"text":{"en":"My biggest worry going into this was the quality of post-operative care, and that's where things fell short. While the surgeon's work was professional, the support from the clinic staff felt disorganized and was a source of stress during a vulnerable time. The clinic itself could also be improved. It’s a very mixed feeling. I can’t judge the aesthetic outcome yet because everything is still far too swollen to see clearly. On a positive note, getting the catheter removed was a definite relief and a good milestone. The medical part was handled, but the care aspect was lacking."},"order":{"operation":{"id":929,"name":{"en":"Sex reassignment surgery"}}},"clinic_info":{"id":5983,"name":"Wansiri Hospital","alias":"wansiri-hospital","flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}]},"created_at":"2026-05-08T16:05:40.233+00:00","flags":[{"name":"is_approved","value":true},{"name":"has_client_feedback","value":true},{"name":"is_anonymously","value":false},{"name":"is_notification_sent","value":false},{"name":"would_recommend","value":false}],"client_response":{"what_not_like_text":{"en":"Language was a problem. Food was horrible, no attempt to take into account cultural differences. Had to wait over an hour for scheduled appointments. Minimal care by all. I would not recommend Wansiri Hospital to any of my friends. Staff would not reach out to my wife, when requested, to resolve problems."}}}],"meta":{"total_pages":1,"total_count":12}},"offerFilters":{"offer_count":0,"price_filter":{"from":0,"to":0,"avg":0}},"leadsCount":{"leads_count":479},"manualSeo":[],"relinking":{"footer_links":[]},"updatedAt":"2026-11-12","activeCountries":["TR","US","MX"],"hasCriticalApiFallback":false}