Avicenna International Hospital was ranked 2nd best in Istanbul by Clinicspots. This multi-specialty center treats 175,000 patients each year. Core specialties include neurosurgery, orthopedics, plastic surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Avicenna International Hospital was ranked 2nd best in Istanbul by Clinicspots. This multi-specialty center treats 175,000 patients each year. Core specialties include neurosurgery, orthopedics, plastic surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Nordwest Clinic is a German hospital that developed innovations like 3D ultrasound and anticancer vaccines. Its main specialties are oncology, orthopedics, cardiology, neurology, gynecology, urology, and surgery. Named a TOP German hospital by Focus and among the World's Best Hospitals by Newsweek.
Nordwest Clinic is a German hospital that developed innovations like 3D ultrasound and anticancer vaccines. Its main specialties are oncology, orthopedics, cardiology, neurology, gynecology, urology, and surgery. Named a TOP German hospital by Focus and among the World's Best Hospitals by Newsweek.
Emsey Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility with a dedicated team specializing in complex gynecological procedures like trachelectomy. Dr. Janan Yilmaz, who completed a fellowship in minimally invasive gynecological procedures at World Laparoscopy Hospital, leads the gynecology department with expertise in advanced surgical techniques.
Emsey Hospital is a multi-specialty medical center on the Asian side of Istanbul. It is the first hospital to receive the International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate (001) from the Turkish Ministry of Health. The hospital is especially known for orthopedics, spine surgery, bone marrow transplantation, and oncology.
ADONIS Medical Group is a private women's health and fertility center in Kyiv, Ukraine. The group specializes in IVF, surrogacy, prenatal care, and operative gynecology. It also provides pediatric care and newborn diagnostics through its own maternity hospital. The clinic operates across 14 buildings with a team of over 900 employees. A key strength is its full-cycle system with an on-site embryo lab and cryobank.
The medical group has over 25 years of experience in reproductive health. More than 15,000 babies have been born through its programs. In 2020, the team performed over 1,300 cycles with a 56% cryoprotocol success rate. Dr. Maryna Sazonova leads the fertility center and has 24 years of experience. Families from 32 countries have traveled here for treatment.
Specialists use advanced diagnostic tools like CT scans, ultrasound, and X-ray imaging. The center also offers PGD NGS testing on a next-generation sequencing platform. International patients get support from a dedicated department with coordinators speaking 10 languages. This includes legal help and concierge-style coordination for surrogacy and donor programs.
","text_type":"short_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":30,"price_to":30,"currency":"USD","id":30821},"diagnostic":{"id":128,"name":"Consultation with a gynecologist","alias":"consultation-gynecologist"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":1131,"alias":"adonis-medical-group-of-companies","name":"ADONIS Medical Group of Companies","short_description":"ADONIS Medical Group is a private women's health and fertility center in Kyiv, Ukraine. The group specializes in IVF, surrogacy, prenatal care, and operative gynecology. It also provides pediatric care and newborn diagnostics through its own maternity hospital. The clinic operates across 14 buildings with a team of over 900 employees. A key strength is its full-cycle system with an on-site embryo lab and cryobank.
The medical group has over 25 years of experience in reproductive health. More than 15,000 babies have been born through its programs. In 2020, the team performed over 1,300 cycles with a 56% cryoprotocol success rate. Dr. Maryna Sazonova leads the fertility center and has 24 years of experience. Families from 32 countries have traveled here for treatment.
Specialists use advanced diagnostic tools like CT scans, ultrasound, and X-ray imaging. The center also offers PGD NGS testing on a next-generation sequencing platform. International patients get support from a dedicated department with coordinators speaking 10 languages. This includes legal help and concierge-style coordination for surrogacy and donor programs.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a789e5ea644d","title":"Entrance to Meraki Health clinic with illuminated logo on wall"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a789e60712aa","title":"Reception desk at ADONIS Medical Group, modern minimalist clinic interior"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a789e6274644","title":"Reception area at Clínica Cuidarte with modern wood panel design"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a789e644598a","title":"Reception area at ADONIS Medical Group, Kyiv, modern interior with seating"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Ukraine","id":47,"alias":"ukraine","iso_code":"UA"},"city":{"name":"Kyiv","id":109,"alias":"kiev"},"address":"Dniprovska Embankment, 26К, Kyiv, Ukraine, 02132"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":41,"doctors_number":925},"accreditations":[],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Interbalkan European Medical Center is a multidisciplinary hospital linked with Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University. It specializes in robotic surgery, cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, and oncology. The center belongs to Athens Medical Group, Greece's largest hospital network.
Interbalkan European Medical Center is a multidisciplinary hospital linked with Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University. It specializes in robotic surgery, cardiac surgery, neurosurgery, and oncology. The center belongs to Athens Medical Group, Greece's largest hospital network.
Ewha Womans University Medical Center specializes in women's health, including minimally invasive procedures for cervical conditions. Dr. Paik Nam-sun, listed among the world's top 100 gastric and breast cancer surgeons, leads the Cancer Center for Women. He pioneered breast-conserving surgery in South Korea and developed a unique stomach cancer technique. The clinic focuses on aesthetic outcomes with small incisions to minimize scarring.
Ewha Womans University Medical Center is a JCI-accredited women-only hospital founded in 1887. It specializes in breast, thyroid, and urogenital cancer care, plus joint replacement and robotic surgery. Affiliated with the country's largest women's university.
GDL High Specialty Neurosurgery is a focused neurosurgery clinic in Guadalajara, Mexico. It treats around 700 patients each year with a team of two specialists. The clinic's single department is dedicated entirely to neurosurgical care.
GDL High Specialty Neurosurgery is a focused neurosurgery clinic in Guadalajara, Mexico. It treats around 700 patients each year with a team of two specialists. The clinic's single department is dedicated entirely to neurosurgical care.
Estophia Hospital is a private clinic in Istanbul with 87 doctors across 28 departments. Orthopedics, urology, aesthetic medicine, and weight loss surgery are its strongest areas.
Estophia Hospital is a private clinic in Istanbul with 87 doctors across 28 departments. Orthopedics, urology, aesthetic medicine, and weight loss surgery are its strongest areas.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, acquired by GVM Care & Research in 2015, is a general local hospital treating 15,000 patients annually. Prof. Dr. Luigi Masoni, with _doctor_4197_years_ in surgical oncology and minimally invasive techniques, leads the team specializing in pelvic surgeries.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Hermes Clinics is a doctor-founded healthcare center in Istanbul, Turkey. It specializes in bariatric surgery, plastic surgery, and dental care. A team of physicians founded the clinic in 2019. The medical team has coordinated care for over 30,000 patients. Treatment is provided through licensed partner hospitals and clinics across Istanbul.
Weight-loss services include gastric sleeve, bypass, and balloon procedures. Dental patients receive full-mouth restorations such as All-on-4 and All-on-6 implants. The clinic holds ISO 9001 certification for its international processes. Oncology care includes stereotactic radiosurgery with Gamma Knife and CyberKnife. Patients also get lifelong aftercare support after weight-loss surgery.
","text_type":"short_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":1169,"alias":"hermes-clinics","name":"Hermes Clinics (Hermes Clinics A.Ş.)","short_description":"Hermes Clinics is a doctor-founded healthcare center in Istanbul, Turkey. It specializes in bariatric surgery, plastic surgery, and dental care. A team of physicians founded the clinic in 2019. The medical team has coordinated care for over 30,000 patients. Treatment is provided through licensed partner hospitals and clinics across Istanbul.
Weight-loss services include gastric sleeve, bypass, and balloon procedures. Dental patients receive full-mouth restorations such as All-on-4 and All-on-6 implants. The clinic holds ISO 9001 certification for its international processes. Oncology care includes stereotactic radiosurgery with Gamma Knife and CyberKnife. Patients also get lifelong aftercare support after weight-loss surgery.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a873f2c62","title":"Modern waiting area at Hermes Clinics with comfortable seating and decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a875d529d","title":"Patient room at Hermes Clinics with hospital bed, TV, and modern furnishings"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a87791497","title":"Modern clinic lobby at Hermes Clinics with grand piano and stylish decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a87971c3a","title":"Modern glass facade of Medical Park clinic in Istanbul, Turkey"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Ankara","id":386,"alias":"ankara"},"address":"FOLKART TIME, Kazım Dirik Mah Ankara Cad. 296 Sok. No:8 1.Blok K:3 Daire:306, 35080 Bornova/İzmir, Türkiye"},"rating":{"rating":4.5,"google":4.3,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":20,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2019},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":153,"total_pages":16}},"promoSlots":[{"card":{"text":"Städtisches Klinikum Solingen is an Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Cologne. It holds accreditations from the German Cancer Society and TÜV Rheinland. Specialists here perform cervical biopsies alongside HPV testing as outpatient gynecological procedures. Biopsy samples undergo microscopic examination by a pathologist. Results use the Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia classification to grade cellular changes. This facility also provides hysteroscopy and curettage. Each examination follows protocols set by a World Health Organization-recognized institution.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","additional_data":{"advertising_id":"268:illness_kind:10"},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":15910,"price_to":15910,"currency":"USD","id":51641},"operation":{"id":253,"name":"Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy","alias":"radical-prostatectomy-via-da-vinci-robotic-surgery"}},{"prices":{"price_from":28000,"price_to":45000,"currency":"USD","id":28071},"operation":{"id":448,"name":"Colectomy (large bowel resection)","alias":"colectomy-large-bowel-resection"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":268,"alias":"medical-center-in-solingen","name":"Medical Center in Solingen","short_description":"Medical Center in Solingen is an Academic Hospital of the University of Cologne. It ranks among Germany's top clinics by Focus magazine. Core specialties include neurosurgery, gastroenterology and cancer, and the breast center.
Professor and Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Nordwest Clinic, specializing in oncogynecology.
The doctor is a highly experienced oncogynecologist and serves as the Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. With a focus on women's health, the doctor has contributed significantly to advancements in gynecological oncology, providing expert care in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers affecting the female reproductive system. The doctor is recognized for leading innovative research projects and implementing cutting-edge clinical practices in the field. Their leadership in the department underscores a commitment to excellence in patient care and medical education.
","specialities":[{"id":"oag.001","name":"Obstetrician-gynecologist","illness_kind_id":35},{"id":"sur.007","name":"Surgical oncologist","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":1,"review_score":5,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0},"certificates":[{"url":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/doctor/certificate/68ac70df17e00.jpeg","name":"European Society of Gynaecological Oncology"}]},"clinic":{"id":136,"alias":"clinic-nordwest","name":"Nordwest Clinic (Krankenhaus)","short_description":"Nordwest Clinic is a German hospital that developed innovations like 3D ultrasound and anticancer vaccines. Its main specialties are oncology, orthopedics, cardiology, neurology, gynecology, urology, and surgery. Named a TOP German hospital by Focus and among the World's Best Hospitals by Newsweek.
Specializing in gynecological procedures at Emsey Hospital, Dr. Bastug brings years of dedicated experience to complex cases.
The doctor specializes in gynecology and obstetrics, with a focus on IVF (In Vitro Fertilization). Graduating from Ege University, Faculty of Medicine in 1994, the doctor completed compulsory service at Kütahya Health Clinic from 1994 to 1997.
Further specialization was achieved at Zeynep Kamil Woman and Child Disease Research and Education Hospital between 1997 and 2001. Since 2012, the doctor has been serving as the IVF Unit Officer at Private Emsey Hospital.
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Dr. Nida Bayik is a gynecologist and obstetrician at Estophia Hospital in Istanbul. She performs surgical procedures including robotic hysterectomies and laparoscopic surgery. She treats women for needs ranging from pregnancy follow-up to oncology.
Estophia Hospital is a private clinic in Istanbul with 87 doctors across 28 departments. Orthopedics, urology, aesthetic medicine, and weight loss surgery are its strongest areas.
Dr. Kadir Savan is a gynecologic oncologist and reproductive endocrinologist at Estophia Hospital in Istanbul. He performs robotic-assisted surgeries, including hysterectomies using the Da Vinci system. Dr. Savan treats cervical dysplasia, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids at Estophia Hospital, a facility with nearly 300 beds and a surgical team.
Estophia Hospital is a private clinic in Istanbul with 87 doctors across 28 departments. Orthopedics, urology, aesthetic medicine, and weight loss surgery are its strongest areas.
Dr. Ender Guven is an obstetrician-gynecologist at Estophia Hospital in Istanbul. He performs robotic and laparoscopic surgery for gynecological conditions. Dr. Guven uses the DaVinci robotic system for hysterectomies to increase surgical precision and shorten recovery time.
Estophia Hospital is a private clinic in Istanbul with 87 doctors across 28 departments. Orthopedics, urology, aesthetic medicine, and weight loss surgery are its strongest areas.
Dr. Luigi Masoni is a general surgeon at Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy in Rome. He specializes in oncological surgery and minimally invasive colorectal procedures. Dr. Masoni created a new laparoscopic bilio-intestinal bypass technique. He also developed a three-trocar method for total proctocolectomy.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Dr. Paik Nam-sun is a surgical oncologist at Ewha Womans University Medical Center in Seoul. He is recognized as one of the world's top 100 gastric and breast cancer surgeons. He performed the first breast-conserving surgery in South Korea. Dr. Paik also invented a proprietary stomach cancer technique to reduce reflux disease risk.
Ewha Womans University Medical Center is a JCI-accredited women-only hospital founded in 1887. It specializes in breast, thyroid, and urogenital cancer care, plus joint replacement and robotic surgery. Affiliated with the country's largest women's university.
Dr. Janan Yilmaz is an obstetrician-gynecologist at Emsey Hospital in Istanbul. She completed a fellowship at the World Laparoscopy Hospital in New Delhi. Dr. Yilmaz specialized in obstetrics and gynecology at Yeditepe University. She previously served as a faculty member at the same institution.
Emsey Hospital is a multi-specialty medical center on the Asian side of Istanbul. It is the first hospital to receive the International Health Tourism Authorization Certificate (001) from the Turkish Ministry of Health. The hospital is especially known for orthopedics, spine surgery, bone marrow transplantation, and oncology.
The operation involves removing the cervix to treat early-stage cervical cancer, preserving fertility.
"},"320":{"operation":{"name":"Cervical conization (cone biopsy)","alias":"cervical-conization-cone-biopsy","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":5500,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":500,"max_amount":2500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":1800,"max_amount":3400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":2800,"max_amount":4500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":2300,"max_amount":3600,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":false},"description":"The surgery removes a cone-shaped part of the cervix to diagnose or treat cervical cancer precursors.
"},"370":{"operation":{"name":"The Wertheim-Meigs operation","alias":"the-wertheim-meigs-operation","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":38000,"max_amount":58000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":5600,"max_amount":24100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":6,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":7500,"max_amount":13000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":14500,"max_amount":21000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":24700,"max_amount":33700,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":true},"description":"The procedure is a radical hysterectomy to treat advanced cervical cancer, involving removal of the uterus, surrounding tissues, and lymph nodes.
"},"873":{"operation":{"name":"Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion","alias":"anterior-cervical-discectomy-and-fusion","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":38000,"max_amount":68000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":5000,"max_amount":20100,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":15,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"mixed","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":6900,"max_amount":13500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"offer","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":13500,"max_amount":19500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":28100,"max_amount":39400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":true,"AT":false,"ES":true},"description":"The operation relieves neck and arm pain by removing a damaged disc in the neck, followed by spinal fusion.
"}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"general","days_in_clinic":2,"days_in_country":7,"rehabilitation_days":14,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":3},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":46119}},"responsibleDoctor":{"id":290,"alias":"yesim-yildirim","name":"Yesim Yildirim","photo":"doctor/699da18e34fa6","advisory_text":"20 years of experience\nMedical oncologist, ESMO certified","linkedin":"","specialities":[{"id":"onc.001","name":"Clinical oncologist","illness_kind_id":10}]},"direction":{"id":10,"name":"Oncology","alias":"oncology"},"illness_kind":{"id":10,"name":{"en":"Oncology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Shorter for minimally invasive or vaginal approach with desk work; longer for open surgery or physical work."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":15,"max":35,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any intra- or postoperative complication after radical trachelectomy with lymphadenectomy; serious ones such as organ injury are under 5%."},"contraindications":["Tumor size, invasion or histology beyond fertility-sparing criteria (≥2 cm)","Lymph node metastasis or spread beyond the cervix","Involvement of upper endocervical canal or lower uterine segment","No wish to preserve fertility","Medical conditions making major pelvic surgery and general anesthesia unsafe"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":2,"max":5,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Radical trachelectomy with lymphadenectomy; shorter for minimally invasive or vaginal approach, longer for open surgery or complications."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":8,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous exercise and heavy lifting after surgeon clearance; light walking encouraged earlier."},"final_result_months":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Surgical healing and final pathology confirming clear margins; pregnancy attempts usually advised after about 6-12 months."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After catheter removal and early check; longer for open surgery, complications, or thrombosis risk. Short flights with mobility."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From surgery; may include catheter or wound review."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"From surgery; final pathology review and decision on further treatment."}}],"indications":["Early-stage cervical cancer (FIGO IA2-IB1, under 2 cm)","Positive margins or high-risk features after conization"],"main_risks":["Bleeding and infection","Injury to bladder, ureter or bowel","Bladder dysfunction, lymphocele or lymphedema from lymph node dissection","Cervical stenosis, suture problems, dysmenorrhea, discharge, dyspareunia","Miscarriage, preterm birth and cesarean delivery in later pregnancies","Reduced fertility or infertility, sometimes needing assisted reproduction","Cancer recurrence, especially with positive margins or nodes","Anesthesia and thromboembolic risks"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative pelvic pain, managed with analgesics; usually improves over 1-2 weeks.","preparation":["Pelvic MRI (PET if needed), oncologic and fertility counseling","Preoperative blood tests and anesthetic assessment","Fasting before general anesthesia per hospital protocol","Bowel preparation if directed by the surgical team"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay","description":"Pain control, mobilization, bladder catheter management and monitoring for bleeding.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting"]},{"phase":"Early recovery (weeks 1-4)","description":"Gradual return to daily activity; vaginal discharge or spotting may occur.","restrictions":["No intercourse, tampons or douching until cleared","Avoid heavy lifting"]},{"phase":"Later recovery (weeks 4-8)","description":"Return to full activity after review; pathology guides need for further treatment.","restrictions":["Resume strenuous exercise only after surgeon clearance"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after radical trachelectomy; no formal rehabilitation program is routine."},"result_longevity":"Oncologic result is long-term; most recurrences appear within 2-5 years, so surveillance continues at least 5 years. Fertility is preserved, but the shortened cervix and cerclage remain.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Conversion to hysterectomy or reoperation, mainly for positive margins or cervical stenosis; excludes later pregnancy-related procedures."},"scars":"Vaginal approach leaves no external cervical scar; laparoscopic lymph node work leaves small port scars. Open surgery leaves a lower abdominal scar.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single operation."},"stages":[{"code":"trachelectomy","label":"Radical trachelectomy with lymph node evaluation (sentinel node biopsy or pelvic lymphadenectomy) and cerclage placement","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"Single-stage operation; follow-up checks and any adjuvant therapy based on final pathology are not counted as treatment sessions."},"success":{"metric":"5-year overall survival after radical trachelectomy for early-stage cervical cancer","value":97,"unit":"percent","horizon":"5 years","population":"Selected women with early-stage cervical cancer undergoing fertility-sparing radical trachelectomy","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Vaginal radical trachelectomy with laparoscopic lymphadenectomy","suits_whom":"Small early-stage tumors in women wishing to preserve fertility","recovery":"Often shorter stay, about 2-3 nights."},{"name":"Minimally invasive (laparoscopic or robotic) radical trachelectomy","suits_whom":"Selected small tumors in experienced centers","recovery":"Usually 1-3 nights stay."},{"name":"Abdominal (open) radical trachelectomy","suits_whom":"Selected patients with slightly larger tumors or when minimally invasive access is unsuitable","recovery":"Longer stay and recovery, about 3-5 nights."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":3,"max":5,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Radical trachelectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy; shorter for vaginal approach, longer for open surgery."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Cervical biopsy or conization histology report","Pelvic MRI report and images","Pathology slides or review report","PET-CT or CT staging report (if available)","Recent Pap smear and HPV test results"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 10-14 days, including 2-5 hospital nights. Pathology review and adjuvant therapy can be remote."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check that an assessment confirms you are suitable for surgery, including imaging and an examination under anesthetic","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/radical-trachelectomy-ghpi0670/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"MRI, CT, or PET scan Examination under general anaesthetic Review of the biopsies performed at your local hospital","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check the surgeon discusses all aspects of the operation and its effect on future pregnancies before surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.leedsth.nhs.uk/patients/resources/surgery-for-cervical-cancer/","host":"leedsth.nhs.uk","quote":"A careful assessment will be carried out, after which the surgeon will discuss with you all aspects of the operation and the implications for possible future pregnancies.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check you can ask questions and understand the operation before signing the consent form","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/radical-trachelectomy-ghpi0670/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Please feel free to ask any questions about the surgery that you do not understand before signing the consent form.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-14","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check the consent form lists the planned operation, since the gynecologist may only do what it states","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/radical-trachelectomy-ghpi0670/","host":"gloshospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The consent form gives your gynaecologist the right to do only what is written on this 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