The Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy, a GVM Care & Research facility, provides urethroplasty services with Dr. Alessandro Calarco, a skilled urologist specializing in advanced reconstructive surgeries. He holds a PhD in Oncological Urology and an international patent for improving percutaneous kidney surgery. The clinic, accredited by the Italian National Health Service, treats around 15,000 patients annually and maintains 450 medical professionals.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Hermes Clinics is a doctor-founded healthcare center in Istanbul, Turkey. It specializes in bariatric surgery, plastic surgery, and dental care. A team of physicians founded the clinic in 2019. The medical team has coordinated care for over 30,000 patients. Treatment is provided through licensed partner hospitals and clinics across Istanbul.
Weight-loss services include gastric sleeve, bypass, and balloon procedures. Dental patients receive full-mouth restorations such as All-on-4 and All-on-6 implants. The clinic holds ISO 9001 certification for its international processes. Oncology care includes stereotactic radiosurgery with Gamma Knife and CyberKnife. Patients also get lifelong aftercare support after weight-loss surgery.
","text_type":"short_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":1169,"alias":"hermes-clinics","name":"Hermes Clinics (Hermes Clinics A.Ş.)","short_description":"Hermes Clinics is a doctor-founded healthcare center in Istanbul, Turkey. It specializes in bariatric surgery, plastic surgery, and dental care. A team of physicians founded the clinic in 2019. The medical team has coordinated care for over 30,000 patients. Treatment is provided through licensed partner hospitals and clinics across Istanbul.
Weight-loss services include gastric sleeve, bypass, and balloon procedures. Dental patients receive full-mouth restorations such as All-on-4 and All-on-6 implants. The clinic holds ISO 9001 certification for its international processes. Oncology care includes stereotactic radiosurgery with Gamma Knife and CyberKnife. Patients also get lifelong aftercare support after weight-loss surgery.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a873f2c62","title":"Modern waiting area at Hermes Clinics with comfortable seating and decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a875d529d","title":"Patient room at Hermes Clinics with hospital bed, TV, and modern furnishings"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a87791497","title":"Modern clinic lobby at Hermes Clinics with grand piano and stylish decor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a78a87971c3a","title":"Modern glass facade of Medical Park clinic in Istanbul, Turkey"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turkey","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Ankara","id":386,"alias":"ankara"},"address":"FOLKART TIME, Kazım Dirik Mah Ankara Cad. 296 Sok. No:8 1.Blok K:3 Daire:306, 35080 Bornova/İzmir, Türkiye"},"rating":{"rating":4.5,"google":4.3,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":85},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":20,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2019},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}},{"text":"Medipol Bahçelievler Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility specializing in urological procedures. The clinic offers advanced surgical solutions for urethral reconstruction. Dr. Osman Civil, a member of the Turkish Colon and Rectum Surgery Society, brings specialized expertise to complex urological cases. The hospital operates with modern technology and maintains high standards of patient care.
Medipol Bahçelievler University Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility and the second-largest hospital in the Medipol Health Group. It treats 600,000 patients each year with a focus on cardiology, oncology, and heart surgery.
Seoul National University Bundang Hospital operates Korea's first digital hospital with the BESTcare system for enhanced treatment safety. The multidisciplinary center handles 1,500,000 annual patient cases and specializes in abdominal surgery.
","text_type":"mt_wow_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"procedure_prices":[{"prices":{"price_from":854,"price_to":854,"currency":"USD","id":15439},"diagnostic":{"id":417,"name":"Male Check-up","alias":"check-up-for-men"}},{"prices":{"price_from":900,"price_to":1600,"currency":"USD","id":14559},"diagnostic":{"id":420,"name":" Basic check-up","alias":"basic-check-up"}}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":408,"alias":"seoul-national-university-bundang-hospital","name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH)","short_description":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital is South Korea's first digital hospital. It treats 1.5 million patients annually with the BESTcare safety system. Core specialties include general surgery, oncology, orthopedics, and cardiovascular care.
German Medical Institute (GMI) is a private multi-specialty center in Cyprus founded as the German Oncology Center. It specializes in oncology, plastic surgery, medical check-ups, and nuclear medicine. Staff are trained in Germany and the UK, and the center holds multiple ISO certifications.
German Medical Institute (GMI) is a private multi-specialty center in Cyprus founded as the German Oncology Center. It specializes in oncology, plastic surgery, medical check-ups, and nuclear medicine. Staff are trained in Germany and the UK, and the center holds multiple ISO certifications.
Private Koru Ankara Hospital is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Ankara. It treats 350,000 patients annually. Main specialties include urology, gynecology, plastic surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Private Koru Ankara Hospital is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Ankara. It treats 350,000 patients annually. Main specialties include urology, gynecology, plastic surgery, and weight loss surgery.
Severance Hospital, a JCI-accredited facility at Yonsei University, offers specialized urethroplasty procedures. The hospital serves 1.6 million outpatients annually and includes a dedicated urology department. Dr. Koon Ho Rha, a professor of urology specializing in laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgeries, leads the team.
Severance Hospital is a JCI-accredited multidisciplinary hospital affiliated with Yonsei University in Seoul. It specializes in radiosurgery, robotic surgery, cardiac surgery, and oncology.
Apollo Hospital Indraprastha is part of the largest medical network in South Asia, with 64 hospitals in 9 countries. It is JCI-accredited and won the Newsweek World's Best Hospitals award. Core specialties are organ transplantation, cardiology, oncology, neurosciences, and gastroenterology.
Apollo Hospital Indraprastha is part of the largest medical network in South Asia, with 64 hospitals in 9 countries. It is JCI-accredited and won the Newsweek World's Best Hospitals award. Core specialties are organ transplantation, cardiology, oncology, neurosciences, and gastroenterology.
Medanta Hospital provides healthcare services to patients. No additional details are available in the clinic listing.
Medanta Hospital provides healthcare services to patients. No additional details are available in the clinic listing.
Genolier Hospital is the largest multidisciplinary private hospital in Switzerland. Its core specialties are oncology, orthopedics, neurosurgery, and cardiology. The hospital holds Swiss Cancer Network certification and was named among Newsweek's World's Best Hospitals.
Genolier Hospital is the largest multidisciplinary private hospital in Switzerland. Its core specialties are oncology, orthopedics, neurosurgery, and cardiology. The hospital holds Swiss Cancer Network certification and was named among Newsweek's World's Best Hospitals.
Prof. Dr. Basri Çakiroğlu has _doctor_2969_years_ in urology and a focus on advanced diagnostics. His JCI-accredited clinic offers a PSA test for around $73 and a dynamic prostate MRI may cost $715. A consultation with Prof. Çakiroğlu is around $1,800. Robotic surgery using the Da Vinci system is available for complex cases.
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a JCI-accredited multi-specialty hospital in Istanbul. It treats 250,000 patients each year. Its core specialties are oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric surgery.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital offers specialized urology services for prostatitis, featuring advanced diagnostic and treatment options. The clinic is equipped with cutting-edge technology, including robotic surgery systems, to ensure precise and effective care. Dr. Eyup Veli Kucuk, a urology specialist with certifications in robotic surgery and kidney transplantation, leads the team, bringing extensive expertise in urological conditions.
Memorial Göztepe Hospital is the 13th hospital of the Memorial Health Group, with over 25 years of experience. Its main specialties are cancer care, cardiovascular care, orthopedics, and neurology. The hospital spans 81,000 m² with 127 outpatient clinics and 19 operating rooms.
Dr. Calarco specializes in minimally invasive urological surgery, combining clinical research with hands-on training for complex cases.
Dr. Alessandro Calarco is a urologist at Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy in Rome. He holds an international patent for a flow reducer used in kidney stone surgery. Dr. Calarco specializes in minimally invasive and endourological procedures for complex conditions. He treats prostate cancer, kidney stones, and varicocele using surgical and reconstructive techniques.
Ospedale San Carlo di Nancy is a Rome hospital founded in 1932 and part of GVM Care & Research. It treats around 15,000 patients each year. The hospital is accredited by the Italian National Health Service.
Specializes in penile and urethral reconstruction at German Oncology Centre, with fellowship training in andrology/reconstructive surgery at UCLH/Mid-Essex.
Dr. Petros Tsafrakidis is a consultant urologist at the German Medical Institute in Cyprus. He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. He specializes in andrology and reconstructive urological surgery. Dr. Tsafrakidis treats complex conditions like Peyronie's disease and urethral strictures.
German Medical Institute (GMI) is a private multi-specialty center in Cyprus founded as the German Oncology Center. It specializes in oncology, plastic surgery, medical check-ups, and nuclear medicine. Staff are trained in Germany and the UK, and the center holds multiple ISO certifications.
Dr. Osman Civil is a general surgeon at Medipol Bahçelievler University Hospital in Istanbul. He specializes in gastrointestinal, colorectal, and breast cancer surgery. Dr. Civil completed his surgical training at the Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital. He works at a JCI-accredited facility that treats 600,000 patients every year.
Medipol Bahçelievler University Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility and the second-largest hospital in the Medipol Health Group. It treats 600,000 patients each year with a focus on cardiology, oncology, and heart surgery.
Dr. Koon Ho Rha is a urologist and oncosurgeon at Severance Hospital in Seoul. He performs laparoscopic and robotic surgeries for prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer, including robotic da Vinci prostatectomies and nephrectomies. Severance Hospital is a JCI-accredited facility that treats 4 million patients annually and is ranked among the World's Best Smart Hospitals by Newsweek.
","statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0,"operations_performed_count":0,"awards_count":0}},"clinic":{"id":254,"alias":"severance-hospital","name":"Severance Hospital","short_description":"Severance Hospital is a JCI-accredited multidisciplinary hospital affiliated with Yonsei University in Seoul. It specializes in radiosurgery, robotic surgery, cardiac surgery, and oncology.
This package uses the Da Vinci Si robot system for minimally invasive precision and faster recovery. Dr. Jan Dolezel, a university-trained robotic surgeon, performs the buccal method urethroplasty at the Robotic Surgery Center in St. Zdislava Hospital. The cost of around _offer_price_ covers the surgery, consultations, medications, and a 14-day hospital stay in a private chamber. The clinic has performed 4,000+ robotic operations and is located in a therapeutic nature reserve environment.
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St. Zdislava Hospital is the largest robotic surgery center in the Czech Republic, with over 4,000 robotic operations performed. It specializes in urology surgery using the Da Vinci robot and joint replacement.
Memorial Şişli Hospital holds JCI accreditation – Turkey's first hospital to achieve this international standard. Associate Professor Yusuf Ilker Comez specializes in urology with Memorial Healthcare Group. The clinic offers all-inclusive support with free transfers, interpreters, and hotel assistance. Diagnostic ureterorenoscopy may cost around $2,450, while stent removal typically runs $3,150. Patient reviews rate the hospital 4.6/5 from 254 evaluations.
","package_price":3700,"actual_price":3700,"calculated_price":{"from":0,"to":0},"currency":{"code":"USD","symbol":"$","name":"Доллар","rate":1},"doctors":[{"id":1647,"name":"Murat Binbay","alias":"murat-binbay","photo":"doctor/5bcdb5d2df008","first_year_working":2005,"short_description":"Dr. Murat Binbay is a urologist at Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul. He has performed over 600 robotic surgeries for kidney, prostate, and bladder cancers. Dr. Binbay trained at prestigious institutions like Duke University in the US. He also completed clinical training at University Hospital Leuven in Belgium.
Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul is one of Turkey’s leading multidisciplinary medical centers, operating on a 53,000 m² area with 252 beds, 13 operating rooms, and advanced intensive care units. Opened in 2000, it became the first hospital in Turkey and the 21st worldwide to earn Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, confirming world-class standards.
\n\nThe hospital is recognized for its expertise in oncology, organ and bone marrow transplantation (90% organ transplant success rate), IVF, neurosurgery, bariatric surgery, robotic surgery, and genetics. Equipped with cutting-edge technology and specialized centers, Memorial Şişli attracts patients from 167 countries each year, combining top-level medical care with Istanbul’s unique cultural and travel opportunities.
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Dr. Jose Emilio Batista Miranda is a urologist at Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona. He was the first surgeon in Barcelona to use laser vaporization for prostate treatment. He specializes in functional urology and robotic procedures. Dr. Batista Miranda treats complex cases of urinary incontinence and prostate hyperplasia. He works at a JCI-accredited facility recognized for surgical excellence.
Centro Médico Teknon is a private multi-specialty medical center in Barcelona, Spain, and part of Quirónsalud, Spain’s largest private hospital group. The center specializes in neurosurgery, orthopedics, oncology, and heart surgery, with expertise also covering cardiology, fertility, ophthalmology, and advanced diagnostics. JCI accredited and recognized as one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals, Centro Médico Teknon treats complex cases and welcomes international patients, including public figures, athletes, and celebrities. The center serves adults only and welcomes around 10,000 patients each year, with patients most often coming from Russian-speaking countries, Europe and the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, and Australia.
\n","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/5c87be3904761","title":"Centro Médico Teknon clinic exterior with grand staircase in Barcelona, Spain"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Spain","id":34,"alias":"spain","iso_code":"ES"},"city":{"name":"Barcelona","id":98,"alias":"barcelona"},"address":"Carrer de Vilana, 12, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"},"rating":{"rating":4.7,"google":3.5,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":93},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":497},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International ","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5db98320c06c8.jpeg","name":"European Foundation for Quality Management","country_code":"BE"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5df778168a0e7.jpeg","name":"THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","country_code":"GB"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa15d1e46dd.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurology","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa164eddd5f.jpeg","name":"Patient choice in Neurosurgery","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5dfa16d49cbac.jpeg","name":"Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","country_code":"UA"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/609cdeda74941.jpeg","name":"World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","country_code":"US"}]}}},{"image_count":0,"images":[],"offer":{"id":"6ad9ba270a83f37b8505c732","name":"Drug-Coated Balloon Dilatation for Urethral and Ureteral Strictures","type":"procedure","tags":[],"for_who":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety performs minimally invasive treatment for urethral strictures using paclitaxel-coated balloons. This method combines mechanical dilation with local drug release to lower the risk of re-narrowing. The procedure involves no surgical incisions and allows for a quick recovery. Dr. Tomasz Ozimek, a Fellow of the European Board of Urology, specializes in this endourological technique. The hospital is accredited by the Polish Ministry of Health and houses five operating theatres in central Warsaw.
","package_price":4376,"actual_price":4376,"calculated_price":{"from":0,"to":0},"currency":{"code":"USD","symbol":"$","name":"Доллар","rate":1},"doctors":[{"id":11911,"name":"Artur Antoniewicz","alias":"artur-antoniewicz","photo":"doctor/69f9bd97bb437","first_year_working":1999,"short_description":"Dr. Artur A. Antoniewicz, MD, PhD, is a urologist with more than 20 years of experience. He has led the Urology Department at Międzyleski Specialist Hospital in Warsaw for 7 years. He has been affiliated with the hospital for over 20 years. Since 2018, he has performed robot-assisted procedures at the Prostate Cancer Treatment Center.
\nHe graduated from the First Faculty of Medicine at the Medical University of Warsaw. He is a specialist in urology and in general surgery (1992). He has worked at State Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Warsaw, the Department of Urology at the Medical University of Warsaw, and the Railway Hospital in Warsaw. He completed fellowships and training in Germany, France, Slovenia, and Italy.
\nHe earned FEBU certification in 1999. He has served on the Scientific Committee of the Polish Urological Association since 2000. He is an active member of the Polish Urological Association, the European Board of Urology, the European Association of Urology, and the Société Internationale d’Urologie.
","specialities":[{"id":"onc.006","name":"Oncologist/mammologist","illness_kind_id":10},{"id":"sur.005","name":"Urological surgeon","illness_kind_id":33},{"id":"sur.007","name":"Surgical oncologist","illness_kind_id":33}],"statistics":{"review_count":0,"review_score":0}}],"clinic":{"id":4286,"alias":"lux-med-hospital","name":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety","short_description":"LUX MED Szpital św. Elżbiety is a private multi-specialty medical center in Warsaw, Poland. The team is dedicated to urology and proctology.
It serves adults only and treats around 10,000 patients every year. Patients from the Balkans, the USA, Canada, Australia, and Europe & Commonwealth visit the clinic most often.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a7212c9f1aad","title":"LUX MED Szpital św. 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"},"1048":{"operation":{"name":"Uretheroplasty","alias":"uretheroplasty","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":18000,"max_amount":36000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":5000,"max_amount":6000,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":3,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":4800,"max_amount":7800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":7800,"max_amount":13500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":2800,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from_range","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":true},"description":"The procedure repairs damaged urethral tissue, improving urinary function, involving precision, and requiring recovery time.
"},"1590":{"operation":{"name":"Drug Coated Balloon Urethral Dilatation","alias":"drug-coated-balloon-urethral-dilatation","use_for_listing":true},"country_price":{"US":{"amount":5500,"max_amount":9500,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"TR":{"amount":8200,"max_amount":0,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":1,"price_kind":"from","price_source":"tariff","scope":"country"},"TH":{"amount":2800,"max_amount":4800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"AT":{"amount":3800,"max_amount":5800,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"},"ES":{"amount":3600,"max_amount":5400,"currency":"USD","clinic_count":0,"price_kind":"estimate","price_source":"parsed","scope":"country"}},"available_clinics":{"US":false,"TR":true,"TH":false,"AT":false,"ES":false}}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"general","days_in_clinic":14,"days_in_country":10,"rehabilitation_days":30,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_conditions":"inpatient","treatment_duration_hours":1},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":10917}},"direction":{"id":16,"name":"Urology","alias":"urology"},"illness_kind":{"id":16,"name":{"en":"Urology"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":7,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work after single-stage anterior urethroplasty, with catheter in or just removed; manual labour usually longer."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":10,"max":30,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any early or late complication after anterior urethroplasty; most minor, serious ones under 5%."},"contraindications":["Unfit for anesthesia due to severe uncontrolled medical illness (relative)","Active urinary tract or urethral infection (postpone until treated)","Active local skin disease or infection at graft/flap donor site"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Stay until catheter removal; hospital admission usually 1-3 nights."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Strenuous activity, cycling and heavy lifting are usually avoided longer after perineal bulbar repair; surgeon-dependent."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to stable voiding and healing after uncomplicated primary repair; recurrence surveillance continues longer."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Usually after catheter removal and satisfactory voiding or urethrogram; earlier with catheter in place if surgeon agrees."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"other","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Catheter removal, usually after pericatheter urethrogram or voiding cystourethrogram in many centres."}},{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":10,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Wound check, often at or around catheter removal."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":120,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Uroflowmetry and post-void residual assessment, about 3-4 months."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":180,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Longer-term symptom and flow surveillance for recurrence."}}],"indications":["Symptomatic anterior urethral stricture, especially recurrent after dilation or urethrotomy","Long or dense urethral strictures unsuitable for endoscopic treatment","Posterior urethral stenosis or distraction defect after pelvic fracture trauma","Failed hypospadias repair or other urethral defects needing reconstruction"],"main_risks":["Stricture recurrence","Bleeding or hematoma","Wound infection or urinary tract infection","Urethral fistula or diverticulum","Erectile dysfunction (usually temporary)","Post-micturition dribbling, ejaculatory changes or numbness at perineum/donor site","Oral graft donor-site pain or numbness (if buccal mucosa used)","Anesthesia-related and positioning-related complications"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative pain for the first several days, controlled with oral analgesics; catheter discomfort and bladder spasms are common. Oral graft donor sites can be sore for about 1-2 weeks.","preparation":["Urethral imaging (retrograde urethrogram/voiding cystourethrogram), uroflowmetry and often cystoscopy","Urine culture and treatment of any infection beforehand","Pre-anesthesia assessment and standard blood tests","Review of medications and smoking cessation advice","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team","Suprapubic catheter or diversion arranged if in retention"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay (days 0-3)","description":"Catheter in place, pain control, early mobilisation, perineal or penile dressing.","restrictions":["Limited activity","Avoid straining"]},{"phase":"Catheter period (about 2-3 weeks)","description":"Home recovery with urethral catheter; imaging often performed before removal.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting","No cycling or sitting astride","Avoid sexual activity"]},{"phase":"After catheter removal (weeks 3-6)","description":"Return to normal voiding, gradual resumption of daily activity.","restrictions":["Avoid strenuous exercise","Avoid sexual activity until cleared by surgeon"]},{"phase":"Months 3-6","description":"Flow assessment and full return to activity; ongoing surveillance.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":14,"max":42,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery to routine daily activities after uncomplicated single-stage anterior urethroplasty."},"result_longevity":"Many repairs remain durable long term, particularly anastomotic urethroplasty; recurrence can occur years later, so periodic flow surveillance is advised.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":8,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Stricture recurrence needing repeat dilation, urethrotomy or repeat urethroplasty within about 5 years."},"scars":"Perineal, penile or circumcising-type incision depending on the approach, usually healing to a well-concealed scar; oral graft donor site heals inside the mouth without visible scar.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single-stage urethroplasty; staged repairs are used for complex cases only."},"stages":[{"code":"urethroplasty_surgery","label":"Single-stage urethral reconstruction","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed at the initial operation."}}],"qualifier":"Typical single-stage primary anterior urethroplasty in adults."},"success":{"metric":"Stricture-free voiding without further intervention","value":85,"unit":"percent","horizon":"5 years","population":"Adults after primary single-stage anterior urethroplasty for bulbar stricture","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Excision and primary anastomosis","suits_whom":"Short bulbar strictures (generally under 2-2.5 cm).","recovery":"Catheter about 2-3 weeks; return to desk work in 1-2 weeks."},{"name":"Buccal mucosa graft urethroplasty (dorsal, ventral or lateral onlay)","suits_whom":"Longer bulbar or penile strictures not suitable for anastomosis.","recovery":"Catheter about 2-3 weeks; temporary mouth discomfort at donor site."},{"name":"Staged urethroplasty","suits_whom":"Complex or penile strictures with poor local tissue, lichen sclerosus or failed prior repair.","recovery":"Involves two operations several months apart."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":2,"max":4,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operative time for typical single-stage anterior urethroplasty; longer with graft harvest or complex reconstruction."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Retrograde urethrogram images and report","Voiding cystourethrogram images and report","Uroflowmetry report","Cystoscopy or urethroscopy report","Prior urethral surgery or dilation records","Recent urine culture result"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage repair: stay 2-3 weeks until catheter removal, or leave earlier with home removal. Staged repairs need two trips."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check which repair technique is planned: rejoining the urethra or widening it with a cheek graft","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"The scar is either cut away and the urethra re-joined over a catheter or widened with a piece of cheek lining (buccal mucosa) over a catheter.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check that you are given a discharge summary of your admission when you leave hospital","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"When you leave hospital, you will be given a “draft” discharge summary of your admission.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that a urethrogram X-ray is arranged before the catheter is removed, to confirm healing","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Before the catheter is removed, an X-ray (urethrogram) will be arranged alongside the catheter in the penis, approximately 3 weeks after your operation, to ensure that the area has healed.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that outpatient follow-up is planned after catheter removal, about 12 weeks later","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"After catheter removal, you will be followed up in the outpatient clinic after 12 weeks.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Check that the surgeon who performs the repair is a urologist","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/urethral-stricture","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"A urologist will remove the stricture and reconnect the healthy ends of your urethra.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C6","text":"Check that the provider gives you a recovery timeline for your specific treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/urethral-stricture","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"A healthcare provider will give you a better idea of your recovery timeline according to their recommended treatment.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"Consultation that does not mention the risk of a recurrent stricture needing more surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"You may develop a recurrent stricture requiring further surgery or other treatment – this may affect up to 20% individuals.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F2","text":"Consultation or quote with no follow-up appointments with a provider planned after treatment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/urethral-stricture","host":"my.clevelandclinic.org","quote":"You’ll need follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider to ensure you’re healing properly and that scar tissue isn’t developing again.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"F3","text":"Warning sign: the consultation never mentions possible loss or change of erections after surgery","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"You may experience loss of or altered erections as a result of surgery to the urethra.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"warning_signs":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"W1","text":"Increasing pain, wound discharge or swelling","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Any increasing pain, wound discharge or swelling should be reported to your GP immediately.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"W2","text":"Pain not controlled by prescribed painkillers","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":false,"source":{"url":"https://www.uclh.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/patient-information-pages/2nd-stage-urethroplasty","host":"uclh.nhs.uk","quote":"Pain which is not controlled by the prescribed pain killers","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}},{"id":"W3","text":"Fever of 38 C or higher","urgency":"contact_clinic","general":true,"source":{"url":"https://www.uclh.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/patient-information-pages/2nd-stage-urethroplasty","host":"uclh.nhs.uk","quote":"A fever of 100 (38 C) or higher","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":403}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"take_home":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"T1","text":"Home doctor gets a record of the admission at discharge","document":"discharge summary","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"When you leave hospital, you will be given a “draft” discharge summary of your admission.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T2","text":"Home doctor needs it to see whether the repaired area has healed","document":"urethrogram x-ray report","source":{"url":"https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/urology/urology-reconstruction-and-continence/urethroplasty-buccal-patch-or-anastomotic/","host":"newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk","quote":"Before the catheter is removed, an X-ray (urethrogram) will be arranged alongside the catheter in the penis, approximately 3 weeks after your operation, to ensure that the area has healed.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"T3","text":"Home doctors need the restrictions and follow-up instructions after surgery","document":"aftercare instructions","source":{"url":"https://www.uclh.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/patient-information-pages/2nd-stage-urethroplasty","host":"uclh.nhs.uk","quote":"To minimise complications you must not do any heavy lifting 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