Pakize EKER BALCIOĞLU, M.D., graduated from Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University, and completed her residency training at the General Surgery Department, School of Medicine, Marmara University. She has authored articles in local and international journals and has fields of medical interest in breast pain, hemorrhoid treatments, anal fissure treatments, pilonidal sinus treatments, and lipomas. She has worked at Marmara University Hospital, Atlas Hospital, Maltepe Ersoy Hospital, and Sultanbeyli Ersoy Hospital.
Read morePakize EKER BALCIOĞLU, M.D., graduated from Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul University, and completed her residency training at the General Surgery Department, School of Medicine, Marmara University. She has authored articles in local and international journals and has fields of medical interest in breast pain, hemorrhoid treatments, anal fissure treatments, pilonidal sinus treatments, and lipomas. She has worked at Marmara University Hospital, Atlas Hospital, Maltepe Ersoy Hospital, and Sultanbeyli Ersoy Hospital.
Education and Expertise Ankara University Faculty of Medicine – Medical Education Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital - General Surgery Specialization Türkiye Higher Specialization Training and Research Hospital - Gastroenterology Surgery Specialization MD Anderson Cancer Center, Surgical Oncology Unit, Houston, USA Texas University Memorial Herrman Hospital, Transplantation Center, Houston; USA Experience Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, General Surgery Assistant Türkiye Higher Specialization Training and Research Hospital - Gastroenterology Surgery Minor Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital - Specialist Doctor Marmara University Faculty of Medicine – Associate Professor Professional Memberships Turkish Surgical Association Association of Gastroenterology Surgery Turkish Bariatric Surgery Association Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery AssociationINTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS Ozkan E, Yardimci S, Dulundu E, Topaloğlu U, Sehirli O, Ercan F, Velioğlu-Oğünç A, Sener G. Protective potential of montelukast against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Surg Res. 2010 Mar;159(1):588-94. Ibrahim Koral Onal, Gurel Nessar, Samet Yardimci, Nesrin Turhan, Mevlut Kurt, Aysel Ulker. RecentOnset Ulcerative Colitis Complicated By Colon Ischemia In An Elderly Patient. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Volume 58, Issue7, p1417-1418, July 2010 Yardimci S, Ulas M, Surmelioglu A, Bostanci E B Splenic recurrence of liver hydatid cyst and spleen preserving therapy Singapore Med J 2011; 52(11): e223 Samet Destek Letter to the Editor: Author's Reply: Recurrent Splenic Hydatid Cyst.. Singapore Med J 2012;53(2): 150 Yardimci S, Bostanci EB, Ozer I, Dalgiç T, Surmelioglu A, Aydog G, Akoglu M. Sildenafil Accelerates Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy in Rats. Transplan Proc. 2012 Jul-Aug; 44(6): 1747-50 Yıldız MK, Ozkan E, Odabaşı HM, Eriş C, Günay E, Abuoğlu HH, Kaya B, Yardımcı S, Müftüoglu MT, Topaloglu U. Analysis of 120 patients with abdominal stab wound focusing on diagnostic role of fast. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014 May 15;7(5):1386-90. Yardimci S, Uprak TK, Kombak FE, Kaya H, Yegen SC. Ruptured gastric stromal tumor into gastric lumen with an abscess. ANZ J Surg. 2014 Sep;84(9):687-9. Velioglu A, Aksu B, Asicioglu E, Arıkan H, Tinay I, Yardimci S, Yegen C, Tuglular S, Ozener C. Association of BK Virus Titers With Lymphocyte Count in Renal Transplant Patients. TransplantProc. 2015 Jun;47(5):1421-4. Yardimci S, Kara YB, Tuney D, Attaallah W, Ugurlu MU, Dulundu E, Yegen ŞC. A Simple Method to Evaluate Whether Pancreas Texture Can Be Used to Predict Pancreatic Fistula Risk After Pancreatoduodenectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015 Sep;19(9):1625-31. doi: 10.1007/s11605-015- 2855-7. Epub 2015 May 16. Samet Yardimci, Mustafa Ümit Uğurlu, Mümin Coşkun, Wafi Attaallah, Şevket Cumhur Yeğen, Neutrophil - Lymphocyte Ratio and Mean Platelet Volume Can Be a Predictor for the Severity of Acute Appendicitis. National Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2016 Mar;22(2):163-8. doi: 10.5505/tjtes.2015.89346. Dulundu E, Attaallah W, Tilki M, Yegen C, Coskun S, Coskun M, Erdim A, Tanrikulu E, Yardimci S, Gunal O. Simultaneous resection for colorectal cancer
Read moreEducation and Expertise Ankara University Faculty of Medicine – Medical Education Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital - General Surgery Specialization Türkiye Higher Specialization Training and Research Hospital - Gastroenterology Surgery Specialization MD Anderson Cancer Center, Surgical Oncology Unit, Houston, USA Texas University Memorial Herrman Hospital, Transplantation Center, Houston; USA Experience Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, General Surgery Assistant Türkiye Higher Specialization Training and Research Hospital - Gastroenterology Surgery Minor Marmara University, Pendik Training and Research Hospital - Specialist Doctor Marmara University Faculty of Medicine – Associate Professor Professional Memberships Turkish Surgical Association Association of Gastroenterology Surgery Turkish Bariatric Surgery Association Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery AssociationINTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS Ozkan E, Yardimci S, Dulundu E, Topaloğlu U, Sehirli O, Ercan F, Velioğlu-Oğünç A, Sener G. Protective potential of montelukast against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Surg Res. 2010 Mar;159(1):588-94. Ibrahim Koral Onal, Gurel Nessar, Samet Yardimci, Nesrin Turhan, Mevlut Kurt, Aysel Ulker. RecentOnset Ulcerative Colitis Complicated By Colon Ischemia In An Elderly Patient. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Volume 58, Issue7, p1417-1418, July 2010 Yardimci S, Ulas M, Surmelioglu A, Bostanci E B Splenic recurrence of liver hydatid cyst and spleen preserving therapy Singapore Med J 2011; 52(11): e223 Samet Destek Letter to the Editor: Author's Reply: Recurrent Splenic Hydatid Cyst.. Singapore Med J 2012;53(2): 150 Yardimci S, Bostanci EB, Ozer I, Dalgiç T, Surmelioglu A, Aydog G, Akoglu M. Sildenafil Accelerates Liver Regeneration After Partial Hepatectomy in Rats. Transplan Proc. 2012 Jul-Aug; 44(6): 1747-50 Yıldız MK, Ozkan E, Odabaşı HM, Eriş C, Günay E, Abuoğlu HH, Kaya B, Yardımcı S, Müftüoglu MT, Topaloglu U. Analysis of 120 patients with abdominal stab wound focusing on diagnostic role of fast. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2014 May 15;7(5):1386-90. Yardimci S, Uprak TK, Kombak FE, Kaya H, Yegen SC. Ruptured gastric stromal tumor into gastric lumen with an abscess. ANZ J Surg. 2014 Sep;84(9):687-9. Velioglu A, Aksu B, Asicioglu E, Arıkan H, Tinay I, Yardimci S, Yegen C, Tuglular S, Ozener C. Association of BK Virus Titers With Lymphocyte Count in Renal Transplant Patients. TransplantProc. 2015 Jun;47(5):1421-4. Yardimci S, Kara YB, Tuney D, Attaallah W, Ugurlu MU, Dulundu E, Yegen ŞC. A Simple Method to Evaluate Whether Pancreas Texture Can Be Used to Predict Pancreatic Fistula Risk After Pancreatoduodenectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015 Sep;19(9):1625-31. doi: 10.1007/s11605-015- 2855-7. Epub 2015 May 16. Samet Yardimci, Mustafa Ümit Uğurlu, Mümin Coşkun, Wafi Attaallah, Şevket Cumhur Yeğen, Neutrophil - Lymphocyte Ratio and Mean Platelet Volume Can Be a Predictor for the Severity of Acute Appendicitis. National Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2016 Mar;22(2):163-8. doi: 10.5505/tjtes.2015.89346. Dulundu E, Attaallah W, Tilki M, Yegen C, Coskun S, Coskun M, Erdim A, Tanrikulu E, Yardimci S, Gunal O. Simultaneous resection for colorectal cancer
Dr. Sertkaya graduated from Konya Meram Science High School in 2001 and entered Gazi University Medical Faculty the same year, graduating in 2008. He completed his urology specialization at Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital in 2014, becoming a urology specialist.
Since becoming a specialist, he has focused on the sub-branch of Andrology, attending various training sessions and conferences and performing surgeries with some of the world's leading Andrology professors. In 2017, he passed the written and oral proficiency exams conducted by the European Association of Urology, earning the title of "FEBU."
In 2020, Dr. Sertkaya achieved the rank of Associate Professor of Urology. His journey in Urology and Andrology, which began in 2008, continues at the Andro Expertise Male Health and Aesthetics Center, which he founded in 2022. He sees patients in his own clinic and performs surgeries at affiliated hospitals.
Read moreDr. Sertkaya graduated from Konya Meram Science High School in 2001 and entered Gazi University Medical Faculty the same year, graduating in 2008. He completed his urology specialization at Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital in 2014, becoming a urology specialist.
Since becoming a specialist, he has focused on the sub-branch of Andrology, attending various training sessions and conferences and performing surgeries with some of the world's leading Andrology professors. In 2017, he passed the written and oral proficiency exams conducted by the European Association of Urology, earning the title of "FEBU."
In 2020, Dr. Sertkaya achieved the rank of Associate Professor of Urology. His journey in Urology and Andrology, which began in 2008, continues at the Andro Expertise Male Health and Aesthetics Center, which he founded in 2022. He sees patients in his own clinic and performs surgeries at affiliated hospitals.
Dr Ahmed M. Ammar
Consultant Laparoscopic and Bariatric Surgeon
Lecturer of General and Laparoscopic Surgery
Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
MB Bch, MSc Surgery, MD Surgery, MRCS England
Member of the European Hernia Society
Dr Ammar has a 10 year experience in practicing general and laparoscopic surgery. He is specialized in laparoscopic procedures involving laparoscopic repairs of different types of hernias, bariatric procedures, biliary procedures.
Surgeries are performed in the best hospitals well known for its safety and hospitality standards, using the best laparoscopic instruments and setting.
A lifelong follow up of our patients is always provided
Read moreDr Ahmed M. Ammar
Consultant Laparoscopic and Bariatric Surgeon
Lecturer of General and Laparoscopic Surgery
Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
MB Bch, MSc Surgery, MD Surgery, MRCS England
Member of the European Hernia Society
Dr Ammar has a 10 year experience in practicing general and laparoscopic surgery. He is specialized in laparoscopic procedures involving laparoscopic repairs of different types of hernias, bariatric procedures, biliary procedures.
Surgeries are performed in the best hospitals well known for its safety and hospitality standards, using the best laparoscopic instruments and setting.
A lifelong follow up of our patients is always provided
Dr. Jaroslav Tvaruzek is a specialist in robotic surgery. Dr. Tvaruzek is a leading certified expert by Intuitive Surgical - the American produced of the original Da Vinci robots. The doctor is a member of Association of Aesthetic Medicine and Association of Bariatric Surgery.
Dr. Tvaruzek heads the Center of Robotic Surgery located in the St. Zdislava Hospital (the Czech Republic). The doctor has performed over 3,500 robotic surgeries for his practice. Among them are:
Dr. Jaroslav Tvaruzek is a specialist in robotic surgery. Dr. Tvaruzek is a leading certified expert by Intuitive Surgical - the American produced of the original Da Vinci robots. The doctor is a member of Association of Aesthetic Medicine and Association of Bariatric Surgery.
Dr. Tvaruzek heads the Center of Robotic Surgery located in the St. Zdislava Hospital (the Czech Republic). The doctor has performed over 3,500 robotic surgeries for his practice. Among them are:
| Doctor's visit | price on request |
| Inguinal hernia surgery | $4905.25 |
Was born in 1981 in Erzincan. After finishing Beşiktaş Atatürk Anadolu High School in 1999 entered Istanbul University Çapa, Faculty of Medicine.
In 2005 I got his Master Degree and started as a practitioner at Yüksekova State Hospital. He got his Doctorate at Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital in General Surgery department. As a General Surgery Specialist, he worked at Zonguldak Atatürk State Hospital for 5 years and at Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital for 3 years.
Worked as an Assistant Professor at Istanbul Medipol University, Department of General Surgery. Currently working at Medipol University Pendik Hospital.
Read moreWas born in 1981 in Erzincan. After finishing Beşiktaş Atatürk Anadolu High School in 1999 entered Istanbul University Çapa, Faculty of Medicine.
In 2005 I got his Master Degree and started as a practitioner at Yüksekova State Hospital. He got his Doctorate at Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital in General Surgery department. As a General Surgery Specialist, he worked at Zonguldak Atatürk State Hospital for 5 years and at Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital for 3 years.
Worked as an Assistant Professor at Istanbul Medipol University, Department of General Surgery. Currently working at Medipol University Pendik Hospital.
Experience
Istanbul Medipol University General Surgery Clinic
TURKISH COLON AND RECTUM SURGERY SOCIETY
İNÖNÜ UNIVERSITY
TURKISH OSTOMY SURGERY SOCIETY
MALATYA GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY SOCIETY
DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL
10th NATIONAL BREAST DISEASES CONGRESS
TURKISH SURGICAL ASSOCIATION
Kartal Training and Research Hospital, General Surgery Assistant
Education
ISTANBUL KARTAL DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL, GENERAL SURGERY
KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE
Read moreExperience
Istanbul Medipol University General Surgery Clinic
TURKISH COLON AND RECTUM SURGERY SOCIETY
İNÖNÜ UNIVERSITY
TURKISH OSTOMY SURGERY SOCIETY
MALATYA GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY SOCIETY
DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL
10th NATIONAL BREAST DISEASES CONGRESS
TURKISH SURGICAL ASSOCIATION
Kartal Training and Research Hospital, General Surgery Assistant
Education
ISTANBUL KARTAL DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL, GENERAL SURGERY
KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE
Specializations
Oncological Surgery (Cancer Surgery)
Breast Diseases Surgery
Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases surgery
Thyroid – Parathyroid Surgery
Inguinal and Abdominal Wall Hernia, Stomach Hernia Surgery
Closed (Laparoscopic) Hernia Surgery
Endoscopy Applications
Treatment of Gastrointestinal System Diseases
Read more
Specializations
Oncological Surgery (Cancer Surgery)
Breast Diseases Surgery
Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases surgery
Thyroid – Parathyroid Surgery
Inguinal and Abdominal Wall Hernia, Stomach Hernia Surgery
Closed (Laparoscopic) Hernia Surgery
Endoscopy Applications
Treatment of Gastrointestinal System Diseases
El Dr. Jesús Montoya Ramírez es un Médico Certificado con Especialidad en Cirugía General y Subespecialidad en Cirugía Bariátrica y Robótica, Es un Cirujano con mucha experiencia en el tratamiento de la Obesidad y cuenta con las Certificaciones en Cirugía Bariátrica ( CMCOEM), Cirugía Robótica (Cyber Robotics-Intuitive Surgery) y Cirugía General (CMCG).
Cuenta con Reconocimiento en México y Latinoamérica por su aportación académica, además de laborar en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la Obesidad. Es Profesor titular del curso de Alta Especialidad en Medicina y Cirugía Bariátrica en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-ISSSTE
Read moreEl Dr. Jesús Montoya Ramírez es un Médico Certificado con Especialidad en Cirugía General y Subespecialidad en Cirugía Bariátrica y Robótica, Es un Cirujano con mucha experiencia en el tratamiento de la Obesidad y cuenta con las Certificaciones en Cirugía Bariátrica ( CMCOEM), Cirugía Robótica (Cyber Robotics-Intuitive Surgery) y Cirugía General (CMCG).
Cuenta con Reconocimiento en México y Latinoamérica por su aportación académica, además de laborar en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la Obesidad. Es Profesor titular del curso de Alta Especialidad en Medicina y Cirugía Bariátrica en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-ISSSTE
Read more
Born in Trabzon in 1972, Dr. İzzettin Kahraman began his medical studies at Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine in 1989 and earned his Medical Doctor degree in 1995. Following two years as a general practitioner, he embarked on his specialization training in 1997. He completed his residency at Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, becoming a General Surgery Specialist in 2002.
Dr. Kahraman worked as a General Surgery Specialist in public hospitals, including Trabzon Numune Hospital and Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, for 13 years. From 2016 to 2018, he served as a Lecturer at University of Health Sciences. In 2019, he transitioned to the private sector, continuing his career in private hospitals.
Throughout his career, Dr. Kahraman has engaged in a wide range of training programs both in Turkey and abroad. In 2007, he earned a Surgical Endoscopy Certificate and furthered his expertise in laparoscopic hernia treatments in Hamburg, Germany, in 2008. He also completed a course on Nutrition Practices and Training at Ondokuz Mayis University and a specialized course in laparoscopic hernia repair in Istanbul in 2010.
In 2011, after completing the "Emergency Surgery" course in Istanbul organized by the European Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES), Dr. Kahraman received training in SILS (Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery) Cholecystectomy at Gazi University in Ankara. Since then, he has specialized in advanced laparoscopic techniques, with a particular focus on endoscopy, gastric diseases, obesity, and metabolic surgery.
In 2021, Dr. Kahraman obtained certificates in Ozone Therapy and Mesotherapy from Medipol University.
Since 2023, he has been serving at Estexper Clinic, Istanbul.
Read moreBorn in Trabzon in 1972, Dr. İzzettin Kahraman began his medical studies at Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine in 1989 and earned his Medical Doctor degree in 1995. Following two years as a general practitioner, he embarked on his specialization training in 1997. He completed his residency at Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, becoming a General Surgery Specialist in 2002.
Dr. Kahraman worked as a General Surgery Specialist in public hospitals, including Trabzon Numune Hospital and Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, for 13 years. From 2016 to 2018, he served as a Lecturer at University of Health Sciences. In 2019, he transitioned to the private sector, continuing his career in private hospitals.
Throughout his career, Dr. Kahraman has engaged in a wide range of training programs both in Turkey and abroad. In 2007, he earned a Surgical Endoscopy Certificate and furthered his expertise in laparoscopic hernia treatments in Hamburg, Germany, in 2008. He also completed a course on Nutrition Practices and Training at Ondokuz Mayis University and a specialized course in laparoscopic hernia repair in Istanbul in 2010.
In 2011, after completing the "Emergency Surgery" course in Istanbul organized by the European Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES), Dr. Kahraman received training in SILS (Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery) Cholecystectomy at Gazi University in Ankara. Since then, he has specialized in advanced laparoscopic techniques, with a particular focus on endoscopy, gastric diseases, obesity, and metabolic surgery.
In 2021, Dr. Kahraman obtained certificates in Ozone Therapy and Mesotherapy from Medipol University.
Since 2023, he has been serving at Estexper Clinic, Istanbul.
Gallbladder and bile duct surgery
Breast disease treatment and surgery
Anal region disease treatment and surgery (hemorrhoids, anal fissure, perianal abscess and fistula surgery)
Obesity treatment (Gastric balloon, botox and surgical treatment)
Thyroid diseases and surgical treatment
Hernia surgery (open and laparoscopic) (groin, umbilical, wound hernias)
Colon, rectum, stomach diseases and surgical treatment
Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment interventions (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, ercp, peg)
2009- Atlas University Medicine Hospital
2004-2009 Tosya State Hospital
1994-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital
1999-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic
1992-1998 Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
Courses and Conferences
Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic Endoscopy Unit Videoendoscopy Application Certificate (March 2006)
Read moreGallbladder and bile duct surgery
Breast disease treatment and surgery
Anal region disease treatment and surgery (hemorrhoids, anal fissure, perianal abscess and fistula surgery)
Obesity treatment (Gastric balloon, botox and surgical treatment)
Thyroid diseases and surgical treatment
Hernia surgery (open and laparoscopic) (groin, umbilical, wound hernias)
Colon, rectum, stomach diseases and surgical treatment
Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment interventions (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, ercp, peg)
2009- Atlas University Medicine Hospital
2004-2009 Tosya State Hospital
1994-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital
1999-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic
1992-1998 Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine
Courses and Conferences
Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic Endoscopy Unit Videoendoscopy Application Certificate (March 2006)
• Surgical treatment: laparoscopic operations to remove all types of hernias (inguinal hernias, femoral hernias, umbilical hernias, postoperative ventral hernias, esophageal opening of the diaphragm and other types of abdominal wall hernias).
• Treatment of gallstone disease, removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), stones in the ducts.
• Operative treatment for acute conditions (acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, perforating ulcer, perforation of a diverticulum, intestinal obstruction, purulent-septic diseases), all conditions of "acute abdomen".
• Treatment of oncological diseases of the stomach, intestines and other organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space.
• Treatment of varicose veins of the legs.
• Operative treatment of obesity (bariatric surgery) and metabolic dysfunction.
• Colitis, hemorrhoids, anal itching, fissures, constipation and diarrhea, anal sphincter weakness, anal sphincter incontinence due to rupture of the perineum after childbirth.
• Abdominal injuries.
• Perianal condylomas.
• Polypos.
• Proctitis, paraproctitis and others.
Read more• Surgical treatment: laparoscopic operations to remove all types of hernias (inguinal hernias, femoral hernias, umbilical hernias, postoperative ventral hernias, esophageal opening of the diaphragm and other types of abdominal wall hernias).
• Treatment of gallstone disease, removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), stones in the ducts.
• Operative treatment for acute conditions (acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, perforating ulcer, perforation of a diverticulum, intestinal obstruction, purulent-septic diseases), all conditions of "acute abdomen".
• Treatment of oncological diseases of the stomach, intestines and other organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space.
• Treatment of varicose veins of the legs.
• Operative treatment of obesity (bariatric surgery) and metabolic dysfunction.
• Colitis, hemorrhoids, anal itching, fissures, constipation and diarrhea, anal sphincter weakness, anal sphincter incontinence due to rupture of the perineum after childbirth.
• Abdominal injuries.
• Perianal condylomas.
• Polypos.
• Proctitis, paraproctitis and others.