Mastectomy With Intra Operative Sentinel Lymph Nodes Examination

• according to Halsted (removal of pectoralis major and minor muscles and axillary tissue);
• according to Urban (removal of pectoralis major and minor muscles, axillary tissue and lymph nodes);
• according to Patty (removal of the mammary gland and pectoralis minor muscle);
• according to Madden (removal of the gland with preservation of the pectoral muscles).

• the possibility of complete reconstruction of the glands ;
• the chance of recurrence is lower than with lumpectomy.

• breast loss;
• longer recovery period after surgery.

• side effects of general anesthesia (dizziness, headache, confusion, nausea, etc.);
• bleeding;
• infection;
• lymphedema.

Lymphedema is swelling of the extremities caused by stagnation of lymph after removal of the lymph node.

Edema can develop immediately after surgery, and after a fairly long time.

Lymph stasis is characterized by:

• swelling of the limbs, a feeling of heaviness in them:
• decreased flexibility in the arms and legs;