Last updated: 4/4/2025

Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey: Our Best Clinics and Costs 2025

  • Get hyaluronic acid threads lifting in Turkey at 60-80% less than in the USA and UK.
  • Available options include Aptos®, Happy Lift™, and Silhouette Soft® threads.
  • Free photo review by an expert doctor to determine the best option for you.
  • 100% data protection and confidentiality guarantee.
  • Access exclusive deals from top clinics in Turkey from $5,500.
85 %
patient recommendation
9 K+
patients
820К+ patients have got assistance since 2014
50 countries
1,500 clinics
6K+ reviews
3K+ qualified doctors

How Much Does Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting Cost in Turkey?

The average cost of Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey ranges from $3,850 to $5,500. The offers include a consultation with an anesthesiologist, post-op medications, medications, blood tests, general anesthesia, consultation with a doctor, a 5* Hotel, transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport, and Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting.
The price research is based on updated and verified costs from the Bookimed partner clinics.

Your Benefits and Guarantees with Bookimed

Transparent Prices & Flexible Installments

No hidden fees – just official clinic prices. Pay at the clinic for Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting upon arrival and use a flexible installment plan if needed.

Verified Clinics & Doctors Only

Bookimed is committed to your safety. We only work with medical institutions that maintain high international standards in Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting and have the necessary licenses to serve international patients worldwide.

Free 24/7 Assistance

Bookimed offers free expert assistance. A personal medical coordinator supports you before, during, and after your treatment, solving any issues. You're never alone on your Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting journey.

Why we?

Your personal Bookimed medical coordinator

  • Supports you at every stage
  • Helps choose the right clinic and doctor
  • Ensures quick and convenient access to information

Our Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting Packages in Turkey April 2025

Infinite Thread Lift with 3 Pair of Threads

Dr. Ilker Manavbasi's Clinic

Turkey, Istanbul

Ilker Manavbaşı

24 years of experience

Dr. Ilker Manavbasi's Clinic is a private single-specialty medical center located in Istanbul, Turkey. It provides a range of plastic surgery services, including Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey. The clinic is run by Dr. Ilker Manavbasi, an experienced rhinoplasty specialist and the youngest member of the Rhinoplasty Society. Many patients from the CIS, Europe & Commonwealth and Balkans choose the clinic to get medical care every year. Patients appreciate its professional staff and the help of a translator. They also report that the doctor was very honest and trustworthy.

To book a Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting procedure in Turkey, please visit Dr. Ilker Manavbasi's Clinic and contact Dr. Ilker Manavbasi. The doctor is highly experienced and has been working since 2001.

Discover the Best Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting Clinics in Turkey: 41 Verified Options and Prices

The Bookimed clinic ranking is based on data science algorithms, providing a trusted, transparent, and objective comparison. It takes into account patient demand, review scores (both positive and negative), the frequency of updates to treatment options and prices, response speed, and clinic certifications.
Dr. MED Clinic
Quartz Hospital
Istanbul Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center
Estetik International - Istanbul
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental
You’ve viewed 5 of 41 clinics

Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey: Your Travel Plan

Day 1: Arrival in Turkey
  • Arrive in Turkey, ideally on a morning flight, to allow time for pre-procedure consultations.
  • You will be picked up by a transfer service from the airport and taken to the clinic.
  • Undergo blood tests and consultations with the medical aesthetics doctor and anesthesiologist. You need to complete these consultations before 16:00 for the next day's procedure.
  • Discuss the details of the hyaluronic acid threads lifting procedure. This includes the use of infinity threads and the type of anesthesia, which may range from sedation to general anesthesia based on your comfort and medical evaluation.
  • Ensure all necessary pre-procedure documents and medical files are ready for the next day.
Day 2: Procedure Day
  • Arrive at the clinic for the hyaluronic acid threads lifting procedure. It typically lasts between 45 minutes to 1 hour.
  • The procedure involves inserting biodegradable PDO threads under the skin using a fine needle or cannula. These threads have barbs or cones that lift and reposition sagging skin, stimulating collagen production for long-term skin firmness.
  • Anesthesia will be administered according to the pre-determined plan, possibly involving sedation or general anesthesia.
  • Post-procedure, you will be monitored briefly before being discharged on the same day, as hospitalization is not required.
Day 3: Rest and Recovery
  • You should rest at your accommodation. Expect some swelling or bruising, which is normal and should subside within a few days.
  • Avoid strenuous activities and follow any specific aftercare instructions provided by your doctor.
  • Maintain hydration and a healthy diet to support the recovery process.
Day 4: Follow-up Appointment
  • Return to the clinic for a follow-up appointment to assess the results and ensure proper healing.
  • Discuss any concerns or questions with your doctor during this visit.
  • Receive additional post-operative care advice, including tips for maintaining the procedure's effects, which can last between 3 to 5 years.
Day 5-6: Continued Recovery
  • Continue to rest and avoid any activities that may strain the facial muscles or skin.
  • Monitor your condition for any unusual symptoms and contact the clinic if necessary.
  • Enjoy light activities and explore the local area if you feel comfortable, but always prioritize your recovery.
Day 7: Departure
  • Prepare for your journey back home. Ensure all personal belongings and medical documents are in order.
  • Arrange for the transfer service to take you to the airport.
  • Continue following any long-term care instructions provided by your clinic to maintain the results of your hyaluronic acid threads lifting procedure.

Our Trusted Doctors

View all Doctors
verified

Ramazan Arslan

10 years of experience

Dr. Ramazan Arslan is an aesthetic, plastic, and reconstructive surgeon based in Istanbul, Turkey. His areas of expertise include facial aesthetics, breast and body contouring, and microsurgery. 

Dr. Arslan completed his medical education in 2015 and has since worked at leading institutions in Turkey. He has published research in international journals and presented at national congresses.

verified

Tugba Doruk

14 years of experience
Dr. Tugba Doruk is a Dermatologist and Cosmetologist with 13 years of experience. She is proficient in general and cosmetic dermatology, dermatological surgery, and has contributed extensively to the field of dermatology through her research. She is skilled in the use of innovative technologies and hardware cosmetology methods.
verified

Leyla Arvas

27 years of experience

Dr. Leyla Arvas is a Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery specialist who has studied microsurgery and laser treatments in Taiwan, Tokyo, and Barcelona. She has performed aesthetic operations in private offices, hospitals, and clinics, specializing in Rhinoplasty, Bepharoplasty, Face Lifts, Liposuction, Breast Lift-Augmentation-Reduction, and Tummy Tuck procedures. She is experienced in VASER and LASER liposuction technologies and High Definition Liposculpturing.

verified

Hasan Sahin

19 years of experience

Hasan Şahin, M.D. is a board certified plastic surgeon offering services in primary aesthetic and complex restorative plastic surgery. He specializes in aesthetic procedures of the face, brow, eyes, neck, nose, breast, and body, as well as microsurgical procedures, revision rhinoplasty, breast reconstruction, and complex reconstructive primary and secondary procedures. He has completed residency training in School of Medicine and has over 5,000 patients and 12,000 aesthetic surgeries to date.

Video Stories from Bookimed Patients

Oksana
I have fulfilled my dream. Finally, I won't cry about my hair anymore.
Procedure: Hair transplant
Roman
Just 4 days in Turkey, and I'm already home with a new hair.
Procedure: Hair transplant
Clinic: Hair Clinic
Dmitrii
Bookimed hooked me up with a really good clinic. I saved a ton of cash.
Procedure: Beard transplant

Reviews about Bookimed: Discover Patients' Insights

All reviews
Debbie • Facelift
United Kingdom
Mar 10, 2025
Verified review.
I wish all the staff Akylay who helped me through this a big thank you
I came to turkey on my own. The staff were lovely and so supportive. I felt secure and well cared for. I was treated at Hospital. My appointment with Dr suggested a few tweaks to the initial treatment plan and I was reassured by this that he had my best outcome in mind. He was very professional and gave you lots of confidence. I met my anaesthesiologist and the chief medical director. There was not one time I felt that I did not know what was going on. I wish all the staff Akylay who helped me through this a big thank you. It is only 5 days post surgery. But my checkup with Dr MED today went well. Very little pain and swelling going down nicely. A special mention to the staff at hotel Modus who looked after me with bags of ice for swelling and lovely food and to Akilay who was my guide through all this and made sure that not only did I get everything I needed…….but I made the most of my time here in Istanbul, which is a beautiful city.
The people
About Bookimed service
Very helpful
Anne Parker • Facelift
United States of America
Sep 11, 2024
Verified review.
It’s incredible value for the level of skill and comfort you receive
There’s a reason Turkey is the number one destination for medical tourism! I decided to book my procedure at Aktif International Hospital with Dr. Umran after having several consultations with other surgeons in my home city of Phoenix, USA and nearby Tijuana, Mexico. The surgical expertise, care by hospital staff and high end accommodations made my decision to fly to Istanbul a choice I stand behind. I highly recommend booking your surgery at Aktif International Hospital. It’s incredible value for the level of skill and comfort you receive. Many of my friends want to go here for their next procedure after seeing my results.
The warmth of the people I met. Even though I traveled by myself, I didn’t feel alone.
The painkillers post-op weren’t strong enough and I couldn’t sleep for two days after surgery.
About Bookimed service
The booking process was incredibly smooth. I felt very secure throughout the process, and all transactions were professional and trustworthy.
Елена Куревич • Facelift
United States of America
Mar 10, 2025
Verified review.
Recommend!!! The doctor is knowledgeable and attentive to requests and requests
Recommend!!! The doctor is knowledgeable and attentive to requests and requests. The work is very neat. The price is absolutely adequate. Thank you very much to the staff of the clinic! The post-operative period was easy. Once again, many thanks to all the staff.
About Bookimed service
The company staff responded to my enquiry within 24 hours. All my wishes were taken into account and options with prices were provided. Great work! Thank you!
Olga Eremenko • Facelift
Germany
Feb 1, 2025
Verified review.
I have never regretted choosing this clinic
I have never regretted choosing this clinic. I am grateful for the support of Ekaterina from Bookimed in the process of making a decision and choosing a clinic, I am very grateful to Ali for her support in communicating with the attending doctor and medical staff, I am grateful to the nursing girls. It is still too early to talk about the final result, but we can already say thank you to everyone! Sincerely, Olga
Mila • Facelift
Ukraine
Jan 23, 2025
Verified review.
Two thirds of the face lift, neck platysmaplasty, temporal lift, lower laser eye resurfacing and not a single bruise, it is impressive!
Excellent medical staff. Very positive and friendly attitude to patients. Kudos to the surgeon for his jewellery work. The only thing I would like to improve is the communication between the interpreters, which would improve the organisation in some issues. It is too early to say about the final result, but two thirds of the face lift, neck platysmaplasty, temporal lift, lower laser eye resurfacing and not a single bruise, it is impressive!
Attitude to patients, professionalism of surgeon and medical staff. Good hotel.
That I never saw the surgeon after the surgery.
About Bookimed service
I am very satisfied with the co-operation. The doctors were selected taking into account all my wishes. They were almost always in touch. It was the first time I cooperated with Bookimed, but I was very satisfied. I recommend.
Deborah • Facelift
United Kingdom
Jan 9, 2025
Verified review.
He most certainly has
I am leaving a detailed review covering four procedures I’m from the U.K. I had a Rhinoplasty, Blepharoplasty, deep plane neck and lower face lift on 29th December 2024 with Dr Ali SADIOGLU. Whilst my overall results can’t yet be seen I would like to tell you what I can for now. Dr Ali SADIOGLU has a professional approach to his work but remains compassionate, empathetic and respectful to your needs and wishes. He listens to what you are saying and discusses any concerns, issues and questions that you have about your procedure. He advises you. He is truthful about the results that you could achieve. The pre procedure coordinator, Defne, was invaluable. Her services before arriving in Istanbul were excellent. Fluent English is spoken and no question was too much for her to deal with and answer promptly. Without Defne and her attention to the detail of my potential booking I would not have booked. Well done Defne. My procedure coordinator and my English speaking contact in Istanbul was Elif. The wonderful, professional, never tiring, always available Elif. She was amazing. Elif attended all my appointments with me. Travelled in the taxis with me but remained professional. She ensured that there were no issues with translation (despite my surgeon speaking excellent English) 5*’s for service and patience. *RHINOPLASTY* Having a Rhinoplasty at 57yrs old concerned me. Dr Ali SADIOGLU Explained in detail exactly what he thought would look best for my face. I put my entire trust in him and the end product was AMAZING. My new nose was unveiled a week after surgery. IT WAS PERFECT. I can’t thank Dr Ali SADIOGLU enough. Since arriving back in the U.K. friends and family have described my nose as beautiful and whilst I would not use that word usually about myself, it’s a truly beautiful nose. *BLEPHAROPLASTY* Dr Ali SADIOGLU explained how he could improve the look of my eyes with a small procedure. The micro detail in this small area needed the skills of Dr Ali SADIOGLU. I no longer look tired. Again, I am so pleased that I put my trust in him. *DEEP PLANE NECK AMD LOWER FACE LIFT* My research lead me to Dr Ali SADIOGLU and I am pleased that it did. My final outcome won’t be seen for a few months so I will review the first two weeks. Prior to meeting Dr Ali SADIOGLU I sent photos and a description of what I thought I wanted to achieve and he carried out a remote consultation. When I met Dr Ali SADIOGLU, we went through a detailed consultation in person. He answered all my questions and addressed all my concerns. He explained where the incision lines would be and described the deep plane process in detail. I was confident the I was Dr Ali SADIOGLU‘s next patient. Surgery went well. Dr Ali SADIOGLU visited me after surgery and also the next day. The care by him and his team was exceptional. All the aftercare was explained clearly. Moving on to the result…. I write this review at 2 weeks post op. My stitches are where Dr Ali SADIOGLU said they would be and are healing nicely. Whilst my face is swollen still, I can see its new tighter, younger and smoother look. Everything is as it should be at this stage. People have told me that I already look 15 years younger. I’m sorry for the length of the review but Dr Ali SADIOGLU deserves this review. He is an amazing surgeon. Someone previously described him as having ‘magic hands’. He most certainly has. I promise to you that I will update this review as time goes by so you have the full picture. You don’t have to pick the surgeon that has the most 5* reviews to find the best. Dr Ali SADIOGLU Is a hidden Turkish Gem.
The skills of the surgeon that I chose
I would have appreciated written instructions for after care and use of medications. There were so many things to remember. Even though I could ask my coordinator anything at anytime it would have helped as a handy reference
About Bookimed service
The process from initial enquiry to flying home was made smooth with Bookimed
Rebecca • Facelift
United States of America
Oct 28, 2023
Verified review.
It is because of Aliser that the decision was made to come here
Aliser Durdıyev is a jewel in the crown of Florence Nightingale Hospital. Available 24/7. Speaks excellent English. Arranged everything including sightseeing tours. I was completely safe as a single female in Istanbul for my surgery Wonderful MDs and cuisine I’m in the medical field and Istanbul met my exacting standards. I m so glad I came rather than South America. As language barriers are greater there. It is because of Aliser that the decision was made to come here. And even in spite of international concerns ,Istanbul is still one of the best medical destinations
About Bookimed service
Aliser Durdıyev is the reason I came to this amazing city. I’ve been various places in the world but am totally impressed with the culture here My plastic surgeon Dr Ahmet Yuvaci was well trained After 2 video meetings I knew he would be the correct choice for 65 and older face lift. The results are excellent And Aliser arranged the connection. By the way. I had spent months in discussions with 4 or 5 MDs before this final decision
Anonymous • Facelift
Germany
Dec 23, 2024
Verified review.
The operation went very well about the result I am very very happy it looks just fantastic
When I arrived in Antalya, I was received very friendlly, Then we went to the doctor for cosultation. There I was cosulted in detail and we determined the treatment. Afterwards we drove to the hospital for the necesssary examinations. After that we were taken to our hotel. The next morning we were picked up again and taken to the hospital where the staff was very routine and professional and the preparations went very quickly. The aftercare after the operation was excellent, the nurses were really very warm and I felt very well taken care of. The operation went very well about the result I am very very happy it looks just fantastic all in all I am completely satisfied with the whole organization and execution of this trip. My special thanks go to Doctor Sener, and his team for this outdstanding performace. In addition, I would like to thank our care Tarik and Murat very much, they were always available and ensure a really pleasant stay All in all, always happy⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
That the result turned out so great. The doctor is a artist!
There is nothing to complain about.
About Bookimed service
Starting with the first request at bookimed mowing I was always very well advised and looked after I felt really in good hands.
Christina Danko • Facelift
United Kingdom
Apr 4, 2024
Verified review.
My incisions seperated and bleeding. No adequate assistance offered.and no one turned up. They treated me like I was a nuisance and warned me never to come to the clinic. I was abused verbally by the surgeon. Dr Aykut is arrogant, obnoxious and rude. My nose is hideous, and far worse than before. My nostrils are now to the front of my nose and my columella is massive, and so is my tip. It was the biggest mistake I have ever made. Even when I was bleeding on and off, the surgeon shouted at me and told me not to come to the clinic. The co-ordinator is so bad at communication. I do not recommend this clinic and I am so distressed about my nose. I feel that he butchered my nose. 1st 2 photos after surgery, 3rd photo before surgery at the clinic. Hideous. My nose wasn’t bed before but now it has been butchered with a hanging middle columella and massive nostrils with a bulbous tip. No amount of swelling will ever hide the fact that this is a botched result.
I am too distressed to even consider anything that I liked. It was a horror story
Dr Aykut was awful. His surgery results and his manner was dismissive, rude and arrogant. The excessive bruising was as a result of the surgeons roughness. No photos taken to evidence results. No digital simulation for nose pre-op as promised. My under eyes were excluded from the process, yet No discount offered. The disregard for their patients is shocking.
About Bookimed service
Bookimed failed to assist me in getting the surgeon to attend to me when my liplift seperated. They were not impartial and I felt ganged-up against. No effort or oversight was given to my my medical emergency and I was given the impression that the surgeon would be available for aftercare during my stay in Turkey
Наталия Скрябина • Facelift
Denmark
Feb 18, 2023
Verified review.
At 50, I looked like I was 25 again!!!
Having decided on facial plastic surgery, I chose a clinic for a long time, where I would trust. After at least 5 online consultations with various clinics, for some reason the choice was made at the Dr.MED clinic and I did not regret my choice at all !!!! I have never met a more friendly, more well-coordinated team !!! The doctor's special approach to his work: his professionalism and golden hands work wonders: I had: Mid Face Lift, Neck Lift, Lower and Upper Blepharoplasty Endoscopic Temporal Lifting and all this amount of work, which was performed by Dr. Khakan Temur in just 7 hours. The effect is unpredictable for me !!!! At 50, I looked like I was 25 again!!! I am very grateful to Dr. Khakan Temur for professionalism, Narminochka and Samra for their friendliness and experiences, for professional organization. I got the impression that this team works 24/7 Good luck and development !!! I will definitely visit you again, now without hesitation !!!!

Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting: Before & after photos

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Updated: 03/10/2025
Authored by
Anna Leonova
Anna Leonova
Head of Content Marketing Team
A certified medical writer with 10+ years of experience, developed Bookimed’s trusted content, backed by a Master’s in Philology and medical expert interviews worldwide.
Fahad Mawlood
Medical Editor & Data Scientist
General practitioner. Winner of 4 scientific awards. Served in Western Asia. Former Team Leader of a medical team supporting Arabic-speaking patients. Now responsible for data processing and medical content accuracy.
Fahad Mawlood Linkedin
This page may feature information relating to various medical conditions, treatments, and healthcare services available in different countries. Please be advised that the content is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice or guidance. Please consult with your doctor or a qualified medical professional before starting or changing medical treatment.

FAQ about Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey

These FAQs come from real patients seeking medical assistance through Bookimed. Answers are given by experienced medical coordinators and trusted clinic representatives.

Is Turkey a good place for Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting procedure?

According to Bookimed and patient reviews, the top 10 hospitals in the world are:

  • Johns Hopkins Hospital - USA
  • Charité - Germany
  • Mayo Clinic - USA
  • Cleveland Clinic - USA
  • University of Tokyo Hospital - Japan
  • Seoul National University Hospital - South Korea
  • Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center - Israel
  • Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris - France
  • King's College Hospital - UK
  • University Hospital Zurich - Switzerland

How long does it take to get Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey?

The duration of a Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey takes around 5 days

Which hospital is best for Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting in Turkey?

Bookimed's rating has revealed the top 5 hospitals in Turkey for Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting:

  1. Dr. Ilker Manavbasi's Clinic - Price: $5500
  2. Reborn Clinics
  3. Hisar Intercontinental Hospital
  4. Estetik International
  5. Cirta Care Clinic

Who is the best Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting doctors in Turkey?

Bookimed has identified the top doctors in Turkey who excel in performing Hyaluronic Acid Threads Lifting:

  1. Ali Nurhan Özbaba, Aesthetic Medicine and Cosmetology, Plastic Surgery, 34 years experience, with 5.0 reviews score
  2. Hasan Sahin, Aesthetic Medicine and Cosmetology, Plastic Surgery, 17 years experience
  3. Burak Pasinlioglu, Aesthetic Medicine and Cosmetology, Plastic Surgery, 10 years experience
  4. Esra Tustas Haberal, Aesthetic Medicine and Cosmetology, Plastic Surgery, 26 years experience
  5. Nilgun Bahcetepe, Aesthetic Medicine and Cosmetology, Plastic Surgery, 25 years experience

What is the level of medicine in Turkey?

Healthcare is the key development sector of the Turkish government. The Turkish authorities are convinced that care for the citizens' health should be an absolute priority of state policy and spend about 77 billion liras for healthcare annually.

As a result, 28,000 medical facilities provide excellent medical care in the country. About 50 centers have certificate of JCI (Joint Commission International), the international improver of healthcare quality and safety across the globe. The index of certificates obtained is the largest. To compare, Israel has 20 JCI-accredited facilities, and Germany — only 10 clinics of this type.

What should you know about Turkey before the trip?

Currencylira (you also can pay for services in dollars and euros)
Best period for the tripMay-October
LanguageTurkish (most of medical staff speaks English fluently)
Visais not required for a trip of at least 30 days per visit
Time difference with Europe3 hours
Time difference with the USA8 hours
CapitalAnkara
Medical tourism centerIstanbul
Popular resortsAlanya, Antalya, Kemer, Marmaris

What hotel services are provided here?

In Turkey, hotels of different price ranges and service levels are presented. The level of Turkish hotels is comparable to hotels in Tunisia, Morocco or Egypt. Most tourists choose 4 and 5 star hotels with all-inclusive meals. Such hotels have everything for a comfortable stay: varied food, a large well-groomed territory, animation for children and adults. Some hotels have their own water park, which guests can use for free. Budget travelers can afford to book an economical 3-star hotel with half board or no meals at all.

When is the best time to travel to Turkey?

The main advantage of Turkish resorts is the long beach season. On the Mediterranean coast, it starts in April and lasts until November. In the resorts of the Aegean Sea — from May to October. The most comfortable time for swimming is from mid-June to the end of October. A large influx of tourists is in July-August, when the air temperature is +38°C, and the water warms up to +27°C.

Do I need a visa?

In 2020, the Republic of Turkey has visa-free agreements with 89 states. Some foreigners are exempted from obtaining entry visas, others are required to receive an electronic visa (e-Visa), and still others must apply for a visa at Turkish missions abroad.

What states need a visa for treatment in Turkey and what countries can cross the border free and easy read here.

What documents are required to apply for a visa to Turkey for treatment?

Visas for travel to Turkey require a number of documents. The necessary papers can be submitted 90 days before the planned departure. Lists of documents includes:

  • ID card
  • confirmation of online registration and filling out the questionnaire
  • certificate of income and availability of funds ($50 per day per person)
  • insurance policy for a stay in Turkey (original and copy)
  • 2 photos (5x6)
  • visa receipt
  • booking of flight and hotel
  • medical opinion about the need for treatment.