Page 52 - Best Doctors in Turkey — Get an Online Consultation

Work Experience

• 2003-2011: Worked in public hospitals.
• 2011 - Present: Working in the private sector, currently at the Eye Clinic of Private Koru Hospital (Çukurambar).

Education

• 1999: Graduated from Ankara University Faculty of Medicine.
• 2003: Completed specialization at Ankara Training and Research Hospital Eye Clinic.

Specialization

• Cataract and Other Anterior Segment Surgeries
• Refractive Surgery
• Retinal Diseases (Experience with over 30,000 cases)

Language Skills

• English

Professional Memberships

• TOD (Turkish Ophthalmological Association)
• TCOD (Turkish Republics Ophthalmology Association)
• AAO (American Academy of Ophthalmology)

Education

Professor Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology 2003-

Associate Professor: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology 1996-2003

Nephrology Specialist: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology 1992-1996

Internal Medicine Specialist: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine 1987-1992

Doctor of Medicine Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 1987-1992

Experience

October 1995 - February 1996:
I worked in clinical nephrology and transplantation at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
December 2001 - May 2004:
I worked as an ISN fellow in diabetic nephropathy and podocyte biology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Medical Interests

• Kidney Transplant
• Haemodialysis
• Diabetic Kidney Disease
• Clinical Nephrology
• Glomerular Diseases

"He has experience of over 10,000 surgical cases. He has published 48 scientific articles that are included in international and national scientific indexes, and these articles have been cited more than 250 times. He has also presented 28 papers in international and national scientific meetings. His professional interests are Cataract surgery (Femtosecond laser, Trifocal, EDOF, Multifocal, Toric intraocular lenses) Refractive surgery (Femtosecond laser, Excimer laser, LASIK, LASEK, PRK, SMILE) Oculoplastic surgery (Eyelid aesthetics, ptosis, entropion, ectropion, pterygium) Medical Retina (Macular degeneration) , Diabetic retinopathy, Retinal vascular occlusion, SSR) Glaucoma (Medical and surgical treatment) Strabismus and Amblyopia Filling and Botulinum toxin applications"

Dr. Cüneyt Çiftdoğan was born in Ankara in 1971. After completing primary school in Gaziantep, he settled in Izmir and completed his secondary and high school education in Izmir. In the last years of his high school education, with his passion for white coats, he took the university exam and was accepted to Ege University Faculty of Medicine.

Cüneyt Çiftdoğan, who started his medical education at Ege University in 1988, graduated as a medical doctor in 1994 after an intensive and successful medical education. Cüneyt Çiftdoğan, who passed the Medical Specialization Examination (TUS) in 1997 and started his specialization training in the Department of General Surgery at Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, took part in many successful operations until 2002 and had serious experience in the branch of general surgery. After his specialist training, Op. Dr. He was entitled to receive the title.

Dr. Cüneyt Çiftdoğan has been working as a General Surgery Specialist since 2002. He has equipped his professional skills and abilities with technological developments by working in many public and private hospitals.

Professional Interests

Metabolic and Obesity Surgery

Gastric Botox

Reflux Surgery

Goiter Surgery

Breast Diseases

Intestinal Tumor Surgery

Laparoscopic Gallbladder Surgery

Laparoscopic and Open Hernia Surgery

Liver Cystic Diseases

Colon Cancer Surgery

Rectum Cancer Surgery

Perinal Fistula

Fissure and Hemorrhoidal Diseases

Pilonidal Sinus Surgeries

Soft Tissue Tumors

Diagnostic Endoscopy and Colonoscopy

Memberships to Scientific Organizations

Izmir Medical Chamber

Turkish Surgical Association

Aegean Region Surgical Association

Aegean Region Breast Diseases Association

Dr. Ufuk Önsal was born in Gelibolu in 1984. After graduating from high school at Ankara Atatürk Anatolian High School, he completed his undergraduate degree at the Faculty of Medicine at Afyon Kocatepe University. Ufuk Önsal, who subsequently specialized in General Surgery at Düzce University, has many professional experiences.

These:

Duzce University Faculty of Medicine Hospital 2014-2020

Izmir Bakırçay University Çiğli Training and Research Hospital 2020-2021

Private Health Hospital 2021-2022

Private Aegean City Hospital 2022-2023

And now he continues to serve his patients at Izmir Private Can Hospital.

VOCATIONAL COURSES/TRAININGS

Gastric Bypass and Beyond Basic Training Course, Turkish Society for Metabolic&Bariatric Surgery

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) Training, Turkish Surgical Association

“Laser Technique” in the Treatment of Hemorrhoidal Diseases, Medikal Park Hospital

Laparoscopic Abdominal Wall Repairs, Dokuz Eylül University

Abdominal Surgery Clinical Anatomy, Ankara University

Breast and Thyroid Ultrasonography, Turkish Surgical Association

MENA EUS & ERCP Workshop, Bezmialem University

Workplace Medicine, T.R. Ministry of Social Security

PROFESSIONAL CONGRESSES

International Turkish Colorectal Surgery Congress, Antalya, 2021

National Surgery Congress, Antalya, 2018

Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Congress, Antalya, 2017

National Surgery Congress, Antalya, 2016

KTU Faculty of Medicine 2005-2011

Izmir Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery

2011-2017 Erzincan BY University Faculty of Medicine

2017-2023 Izmir University of Economics Medicalpark Hospital

 

AREAS OF INTEREST AND TREATMENT METHODS USED;

Spine Surgery

Lumbar hernias, (fully closed herniated disc surgery, microsurgery herniated disc surgery)

Cervical hernias (fully closed cervical disc herniation surgery, microsurgery cervical disc herniation surgery)

Spinal Fracture Treatment (open surgery and fully closed surgery = kyphoplasty vertebroplasty)

Scoliosis (Spine Curvatures)

Ankylosing Spondylitis (Hunchback)

Spine Tumors

Nerve Compression

Endoscopic (Closed Method) Brain Tumor Surgeries

Brain tumor surgery with neuronavigation

Brain Hemorrhages

Pain Intervention Procedures (Radiofrequency, Laser)

Hydrocephalus (accumulation of water in the brain)

Congenital Anomalies

Minimally Invasive Procedures and Head Traumas.

Medical Intrests

•  
• Detailed ultrasound
• Fetal ECHO
• Doppler Ultrasound
• Risky Pregnancy Follow-up
• Complications of Twin Pregnancy
• Fetal Invasive Procedures (Amniocentesis CVS Cordocentesis)

Education

• Subspecialization: Perinatology, I.Ü. Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 2011-2015
• Specialization in Medicine: Obstetrics and Gynecology, I.Ü. Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 2002-2008
• Undergraduate: Department of Medicine, I.Ü. Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, 1996-2002

Experience

• Faculty Member: Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, August 2020-present
• Subspecialist: Private clinic, February 2019-present
• Faculty Member: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences University Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, May 2017-February 2019
• Training Assistant: Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Perinatology, June 2016-May 2017
• Subspecialist: Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Perinatology, June 2015-June 2016
• Research Assistant Specialist Doctor: I.Ü. Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, July 2013-June 2015
• Research Assistant Specialist Doctor: University of British Columbia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, April 2013-July 2013
• Research Assistant Specialist Doctor: I.Ü. Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, November 2011-April 2013
• Chief Assistant Specialist: Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic, May 2011-November 2011
• Chief Assistant Specialist Doctor: Istanbul Bakırköy Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Istanbul Bakırköy Obstetrics and Gynecology Training and Research Hospital, August 2010-April 2011
• Specialist Doctor: Private Istanbul Hospitalium Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 2009-August 2010
• Specialist Doctor: Besni State Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, May 2008-September 2009
• Research Assistant Doctor: I.Ü. Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, November 2003-February 2008
• Research Assistant Dr: I.Ü. Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2002-November 2003

Associate Professorship Date: 11.3.2015

Professorship Date: 10.8.2020

Overseas Experience: University of British Columbia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology (2013)

Scientific Memberships
 

• Turkish Medical Association Istanbul Medical Chamber
• Turkish Gynecology and Obstetrics Society
• Maternal Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Association
• Association of Perinatology Specialists

Education

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery Residency, 2010, Istanbul/Turkey
Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Medical Doctor Education, 2003, Istanbul/Turkey

Experience

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 2014-2015, Istanbul/Turkey
Universal Italian Hospital, 2012-2014, Istanbul/Turkey
Florance Nightingale Hospital, 2012-2012, Istanbul/Turkey
T.C. Ministry of Health Muş State Hospital (Compulsory Service), 2011-2012, Muş/Turkey
Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 2004-2010, Istanbul/Turkey

Medical Intrests

• 
  Gastric Sleeve Gastrectomy
• Type 2 Diabetes Surgery
• SADI-S
• Gastric Bypass
• Duodenal Switch
• Transit Bipartition

Education

Faculty of Medicine: Anadolu University, 1986-1992
Nuclear Medicine: Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, 1995-1999

Experience

Dr. Lecturer: Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, 2021 -

Scientific Memberships
 

Turkish Society of Nuclear Medicine (TNTD)
European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM)

Medical Intrests

• Theranostic Applications
• Imaging and Radio Nuclide Therapy in Prostate Cancer and Neuroendocrine Tumours
• Radio Nuclide Therapy in Thyroid Cancer
• Dosimetric Applications

Dr. Ezgi Kaya is a skilled orthodontist. She is dedicated to professional growth and often attends trainings, seminars, symposiums, and congresses in orthodontics. She provides advanced treatments such as transparent aligners, lingual bracket systems, and orthodontic care for both children and adults.

Dr. Kaya has also contributed to academic research. She presented a study on the reliability of the web-based cephalometric program OrthoDx at the 18th Turkish Orthodontic Society Scientific Congress in 2022. She stands out in her field for her commitment to evidence-based practice and ongoing learning.

Education

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Medicine, 02/07/2013
Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Cardiovascular Surgery, 20/12/2018

Experience

Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine: 2013-2019
Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital: 2019-2021
Istanbul Training Research Hospital: 2021-2023
Biruni University Hospital: 2023-Present

Awards

National Society of Vascular Surgery Congress-Oral Paper 2.2nd prize:
ÖZTAŞ DİDEM MELİS, Meriç Mert, BEYAZ METİN ONUR, Önalan Mehmet Akif, Bahşeliyev Şiraslan, SÖNMEZ KIVILCIM, ÖTER KEREM, ZİYADE SEDAT, ÖMER BEYHAN, ALPAGUT İBRAHİM UFUK, UĞURLUCAN MURAT (2019). Investigation of the Effect of Erythropoietin on Stem Cell Level in Cardiovascular Tissue in Diabetic Rats. 19th National Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Congress.

Dr. Deniz Çağlar is a periodontist at İstanbul Diş Akademisi, Maltepe. He was among the top 100 students in the national high school entrance exam. He graduated from Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry in 2016. He is now pursuing a PhD in Periodontology. His research focuses on blood lipid fractions and antiplatelet drugs on titanium surfaces.

Dr. Çağlar has planned and performed many periodontal treatments. These include pink smile aesthetics, gum whitening, and surgical procedures for gum recession and bone loss. He speaks English and German. He is known for his academic achievements and clinical skills in periodontology.

Uzm. Dt. Sevda TOK was born in Konya in 1993. In 2017, she graduated from Selçuk University Faculty of Dentistry. In 2018, she completed her speciality training in Endodontics, which she started at Ordu University in 2022. He spent 2 months of observation and case follow-up at Hakan Uncu Dental Clinic in Germany. He performs broken instrument removal, regenerative treatment of teeth with open root tips, retreatment (re-root canal treatment), canal treatment of inclined and lesioned teeth. She has attended many seminars and courses in the field of endodontics.

Education

• Faculty of Medicine - Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine 1999-2005
• Internal Medicine Residency - Istanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital 2006-2010
• Hematology Subspecialist Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital - Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Clinic 2013-2017
• Associate ProfessorIstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital 2019
•  

Experience

• Assistant Doctor Istanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital - Internal Medicine Clinic 2006-2010
• Internal Medicine Specialist Istanbul Esenyurt State Hospital 2010-2012
• Internal Medicine Specialist-Military service Samsun Military Hospital 2012-2013
• Subspecialty Training Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital - Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Clinic 2013-2017
• Hematology Subspecialist Ankara Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Clinic 2017-2018
• Hematology Subspecialist Istanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital/Hematology 2018-2019
• Associate Professor Istanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital/Hematology 2019-2021
• Associate Professor Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine / Hematology 2021-2024
• Associate Professor Istanbul VM Medical Park Pendik Hospital / Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Clinic 2022-2024
•  

Scientific Memberships

• Turkish Medical Association
• Turkish Apheresis Society
• Hematologic Oncology Society
• Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Association
• Hematologic Immunology Society
•  

Awards

•  
• Hematologic Oncology Society, 2015 - Second Prize for Paper
• Hematologic Oncology Society, 2016 - Second Prize for Paper
• Turkish Apheresis Association, 2016 - Paper Third Prize,
• Hematologic Immunology Association, 2016 - Second Prize for Paper
• Hematologic Oncology Society, 2016 - Second Prize for Paper
• Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation Association, 2017 - First Prize for Paper
   

Education

• Undergraduate: Çukurova University, Faculty of Medicine 1992-1998
• Specialty Education: Istanbul Training and Research Hospital 1998-2003
• Subspecialization: IU Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 2004-2007
•  

Experience

• Istanbul Training and Research Hospital 1998-2003
• IU Istanbul Faculty of Medicine 2004-2007
• Istanbul Training and Research Hospital 2007-2009
• Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital 2009-2011
• Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital August 2011- November 2011
• Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases December 2011- 2014
• Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases 2014-2020
• Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases 2020-2024

Scientific Memberships
 

• Turkish Society of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (Vice President)
• European Society of Endocrinology;
• Endosociety

Awards

1. 1. Bestclinical scientific publication support award (53rd National Diabetes Congress, 2017)
2. 2. 54th National Diabetes Congress (2018) with the study titled "The effects of adding pre-probiotics to the diets of patients with gastric bypass (GBP) on metabolic parameters, icretin levels and hunger, satiety and appetite scores of patients".

Medical Intrests

• Diabetes
• Thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules)
• Pituitary diseases
• Adrenal gland diseases
• Osteoporosis

Education

Faculty of Medicine, Doctor of Medicine Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine 2000-2006
Internal Medicine Residency Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine 2006-20011
Nephrology Subspecialization Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine 20014-2017

Experience

Internal Medicine Residency (2006-2012): Istanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine

State Service Obligation (March 2012- June 2014): Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital, Internal Medicine Department, Diyarbakır.

December 2017- 2022 : Istanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital (Formerly: Göztepe Training and Research Hospital) Nephrology Clinic

2022-2023: Medipol Bahçelievler hospital

2023-2024: Acıbadem international / Acıbadem fulya hospital

Medical Intrests

• Kidney Transplant
• Hypertension
• Diabetes
• Chronic Kidney Disease
• Acute Renal Failure
• Cystic Kidney Diseases
• Glomerulonephritis
• Haemodialysis
• Peritoneal Dialysis
• Genetic Diseases of the Kidney
•  

Scientific Memberships
 

Turkish Society of Internal Medicine Specialists (TİHUD)
Turkish Society of Nephrology (TND)
Transplantation Immunology and Genetics Association (TİGED)
European renal association european dialysis and transplant association (ERA-EDTA)

Education

Undergraduate: Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine (English), 2000-2007.
PhD: Chest Diseases, Department of Chest Diseases, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, 2007-2013.

Experience

Medical Residency Student, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, 2007-2013.
Specialist Doctor, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, 2013-2015.
Specialist Doctor, Koç University Hospital, 2015-2017.
Associate Professor, Koç University Hospital, 2017-2022.
Associate Professor, Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital, 2022-2023.
Professor Doctor, Arel University Faculty of Medicine, 2023.
Professor Doctor, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine/Hospital, 2023- Currently

Scientific Memberships
 

Turkish Thoracic Society
Respiratory Research Society of Turkey
ASYOD (Asthma and Allergy Association)
European Respiratory Society
Turkish Medical Association

Awards

Foreign Publication Second Prize, Turkish Thoracic Society 24th Annual Congress, Antalya, 2021
Diagnostic and Interventional Methods Study Group - Best Oral Presentation Award, Turkish Thoracic Society, 23. Annual Congress, 2020 (Virtual congress)
Diagnostic Methods Working Group - Best Poster Award, Turkish Thoracic Society 22nd Annual Congress, Antalya, 2019
Foreign Publication Third Prize, Turkish Thoracic Society, 20th Annual Congress, Antalya, 2017
Third Prize for Published Congress Paper, Turkish Thoracic Society 19th Annual Congress, Antalya, 2016
ERS Respiratory Championship 2016, Participation in the Knowledge Contest as Turkey Team and Third Prize, London, 2016
Marmara University Faculty of Medicine 19th Term Second Prize, Marmara University, 2007

Medical Intrests

• Lung Cancer
• Interstitial Lung Disease
• Pulmonary Embolism
• Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
• Asthma/COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
• Pneumonia (Pneumonia)

Education

Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Gülhane Military Medical Faculty, 2014, Medical Doctor
Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, 2019, Ophthalmology Specialist

Experience

Azerbaijan Armed Forces Central Military Hospital, 2019-2021
Private Hospitalist Hospital, 2021
Beylikduzu Kolan Hospital, 2021-2022

Scientific Memberships

Practical Approaches in Ophthalmology
TOD April Course (Cornea, Refractive Surgery and Contact Lens)
Glaucoma Skill Transfer Laboratory Course
Esat IŞIK Applied Optics, Refraction and Low Visionrme Rehabilitation Course
TOD April Course (Uvea Diseases)
Academy for Eyecare Excellence (Contact Lens Basic Application Principles)
Cataract and Refractive Surgery BILEP Course
TOD 52nd National Congress
TOD 40th Winter Symposium (Applications in Refraction)
Professional Memberships:

TOD (Turkish Ophthalmology Association)

Certificates:

International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) - The Basic Science Examination in Ophthalmology Exam
International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) - The Optics and Refraction Examination in Ophthalmology Exam

Medical Intrests

• Corneal Diseases
• Refractive Surgery
• Cataract Surgery
• Oculoplastic Surgery
• Glaucoma

Education

Undergraduate: Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 2002-2007
Ph: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ondokuz Mayıs University Institute of Health Sciences, 2007-2012

Experience

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialist: Private Hospitadent Mecidiyeköy Dental Hospital, 2012-2019
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialist: Private Ata Dental Polyclinic, 2019-2022
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialist: Private Turkeyana Dental Hospital, 2022-2024
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialist: Biruni Hospital Dental Clinic, 2024-

Medical Intrests

• Dental Implant Applications
• Advanced Implant Surgery
• Bone and Soft Tissue Augmentation and Reconstructions
• Seamless Implant Applications
• Implant Applications in Extremely Atrophic Jaws
• Zygomatic Implant Applications
• Impacted Tooth, Cyst, Tumour Treatments

Education

Faculty of Medicine Istanbul Faculty of Medicine (Çapa) 2000-2006
Residency Obstetrics and Gynecology Istanbul Faculty of Medicine (Çapa) 2006-2011
Subspecialty Gynecologic Oncology Eskişehir Osmangazi Faculty of Medicine 2012-2015

Experience

Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist Istanbul Süleymaniye Semiha Şakir Maternity and Pediatrics Hospital 2011 - 2011
Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist (Reserve Officer) Hakkari Military Hospital 2011 - 2012
Gynecological Oncology Surgery Assistant Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine 2012 - 2016
Gynecological Oncology Surgery Specialist Health Sciences Universityniversitesi Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital 2016 - 2018
Gynecologic Oncology Surgery Specialist İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine Atatürk Training and Research Hospital 2018 - 2018 2021
Assistant Professor İzmir Tınaztepe University Faculty of Medicine 2021 - 2022
Assistant Professor Istinye University Hospital Medical Park Gaziosmanpaşa 2022-2024

Scientific Memberships

Istanbul Medical Chamber
Turkish Society of Gynecologic Oncology (TRSGO)
European Society of Gynecologic Oncolgy (ESGO)

Medical Intrests 

• Ovarian Cancer
• Uterine Cancer
• Cervical Cancer
• CIN Treatment
• Colposcopy
• Advanced Endometriosis
• Risky Pregnancies
• Endoscopic Operations