Page 11 - Best Ultrasound doctors: TOP 498 doctors

Dr. Mehmet Tonge is a neurosurgeon with expertise in Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. He specializes in MR Guided Focused Ultrasound, deep brain stimulation, Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, and surgery for movement disorders, pain, and spasticity.

Dr. Tonge has published 32 articles in international and national journals and written 12 book chapters. He has presented 92 oral and poster presentations and delivered 41 invited lectures. He completed a Deep Brain Stimulation Fellowship at Maastricht University and finished the 4-year EANS training cycle. Dr. Tonge is known for his research and clinical work in functional neurosurgery.

Dr. Lan Kerdpol is an Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB-GYN) specialist with 29 years of clinical experience. Dr. Kerdpol practices at Navamin9 Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Languages: English and Thai.

Education: Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University.

Accreditation: Diploma of the Thai Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thai Medical Council.

In 2007 he joined the Costa del Sol Hospital and left this position when he obtained an international scholarship that would take him back to San Francisco. In 2010 he moved to Japan to complete his training in the submucosal endoscopic dissection technique that he would later on introduce in Andalusia in 2011, thus becoming one of the pioneers in the performance of this technique in Spain. In 2011 he became the first medical professional in the world to use the 15-mm AXIOS stent in pancreatic fluid collection drainage. In 2018 he began to perform gastroenteroanastomosis with luminal apposition stent in patients with pancreatic cancer and bowel obstruction, thus becoming a pioneer in Andalusia to perform such technique.

He is a coauthor of the reference guides of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy on the endoscopic treatment of chronic pancreatitis and non-variceal gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

Professional Experience

Over 24 years' experience

1999 - Degree in Medicine and Surgery. Malaga University, Spain.

2003 to 2006 - Medical Residency in the Digestive System at the Virgen Macarena Hospital in Seville, Spain.

2006 - International Scholar at the California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco, USA.

2007 – Digestive System Specialist at the Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella. Spain.

2008 - California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco, USA.

2009 - Top Reviewer Award received from the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Journal.

2011 – Pioneer in Spain in the introduction of the submucosal endoscopic dissection technique.

2011 – First professional in the world to use the AXIOS (15mm) stent for pancreatic fluid collection drainage.

2016 - Gold Medal of the Andalusian Society for Digestive Disease (SAPD, in its Spanish abbreviation).

2017 - Fellow of the American College of Gastroenterology (FACG).

2018 - Pioneer in Andalusia to perform gastroenteroanastomosis with luminal apposition stent to treat bowel obstruction.

2019 - Fellow of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (FASGE).

The Digestive System Unit of the Quirónsalud Marbella Hospital offers a patient service portfolio that includes all the clinical aspects of gastroenterology, hepatology, biliary duct and pancreatic disease, as well as the diagnostic and treatment techniques used in this speciality such as abdominal ultrasound, endoscopy and other functional tests.

Our specialists have solid professional backgrounds and the team is highly qualified for the diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases such as conditions related to acidity (gastric ulcers, helicobacter pylori, gastroesophageal reflux disease), enteropathies (Crohn's Disease, ulcerative colitis; coeliac disease...), viral hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, pancreatic disease...

The Digestive System Unit of the Quirónsalud Marbella Hospital is a pioneer in the implementation of a specific check-up programme for digestive disease with special attention to the diagnosis and treatment of colon precancerous lesions.

Diseases, treatments and techniques:

• Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound

• Endoscopic resection techniques (mucosectomy/submucosal dissection)

• Submucosal or third-space endoscopy (POEM and variants)

• Bariatric endoscopy (Apollo Method)

Dr Romero Imbroda is an academic of the Royal Academy of Medicine of Eastern Andalusia and a Fellow of the European Board of Neurology, as well as a Member of the Board of Directors of the

Andalusian Society of Neurology. He combines his medical practice with his teaching role at the University of Granada, where he is a Lecturer and has been a Member of the Internal Residential Doctor Assessment Committee in Melilla until 2017.

He is the author of several national and international scientific publications. He has also participated in research projects associated with treatments for multiple sclerosis.

Professional Experience:

• 2020: President of the Andalusian Society of Neurology

• 2019: Head of the Units at the Quirónsalud Malaga and Marbella Hospitals

• 2017-2021: Neurologist at the Regional Malaga University Hospital.

• 2016-2017: Lecturer at the University of Granada.

• 2009-2017: Neurologist at the Imbrain Neuroscience Clinic. Melilla.

• 2009-2017: Neurologist at the Melilla Hospital.

• 2008-2009: Neurologist at the Virgen de las Nieves Hospital. Granada.

• 2004-2008: Neurologist at the Carlos Haya Hospital. Malaga.

Academic Training:

• 2017: Innovation and Leadership in Neurology. Business Institute. Madrid.

• 2014: Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates. United States.

• 2011-2012: Management of Integrated Health Services. ESADE. Madrid.

• 2010: Neurologists for the Future. Spanish Neurology Society.

• 2010: Master in Tissue Engineering. University of Granada.

• 2010: Doctorate at the University of Granada. Summa Cum Laude. 2010.

• 2004-2008: Neurology specialist at the Carlos Haya Hospital. Malaga.

• 1997-2003: University Graduate in Medicine at the University of Granada.

The Neurology Unit of the Quirónsalud Marbella Hospital specialises in the study and treatment of conditions associated to the nervous system, the brain, the spinal cord, the peripheral nerves and the muscles. We have the most advanced technology that enables us to make accurate and personalised diagnoses and treatments in the study of patients with complex diagnoses and treatments (MRI, CT scan,electroencephalogram, transacranial doppler ultrasound, cerebral arteriogramand neuropschycological testing).

We offer our patients highly-specialised treatments for cerebrovascular and neuromuscular diseases, Parkinson's Disease, headaches and migraine, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathies, infections of the nervous system, movement disorders, dementia and other cognitive conditions, paediatric neurology, sleep disorders, tumours and complications deriving from injuries to the spine and the head.

Professional experience

Since 2006, he has been Head of the Neurology Department at the Quironsalud University Hospital of Madrid and the Ruber Juan Bravo Hospital.

Professor of Medicine at the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of the European University of Madrid, holds the national accreditation of Professor of Medical Sciences (issued by ANECA).

Doctor of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM). Award for Outstanding Doctoral Thesis (UCM, 2004): Study on the relationship of human herpes virus 6 as an environmental factor in multiple sclerosis.

Membership in scientific societies

National and International Principal Investigator in Neuroscience at Quironsalud Madrid (June 2015 – present)

President of the Research Committee of the Quironsalud University Hospital of Madrid (2012 to present).

Member of the Research Committee of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (2012-2015).

Member of the Council of the Faculty of Medicine of the Complutense University of Madrid (2011-2015).

Research and Teaching

Principal investigator of 100 national and international clinical trials.

7 FIS research projects from the Carlos III Institute of Health (the last 5 as principal investigator).

10 projects from private foundations, received on a competitive basis (7 as principal investigator).

He has authored 139 international articles with a total impact factor of 949,917 and 4,552 citations. 38 books and book chapters with an H-factor of 34 (2018).

His publications stand out in journals that have the greatest global impact on research, such as the New England Journal of Medicine and the Lancet.

Dr. Rafael Arroyo has given over 300 international and national presentations at various Congresses.

Education :

Professor of Medicine at the Faculty of Biomedical Sciences of the European University of Madrid and holds the national accreditation of Professor of Medical Sciences (issued by ANECA).

Prof. Dr. Önder SÜRGİT is a General Surgeon in the General Surgery Clinic. Working hours: 09:00–18:00. Core practice areas include laparoscopic surgery, cancer surgery, and bariatric surgery.

Graduated from Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine in 1995. Academic title: Professor. Served as Instructor Surgeon at ITEM (Advanced Medical Technologies Training Center). Held faculty roles at Turgut Özal University and Atılım University, Faculties of Medicine. Also worked at Ankara Medicana Hospital and Optimed Health Group. Foreign language: English.

EDUCATION:

2015

Uludag University, Ophthalmology

2008

Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine

2001

Kırıkkale Science High School, Numerical

EXPERIENCE:

2019 Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Ophthalmology (Vitreo-Retinal Surgery and Medical Retina Fellowship)

2016 SBÜ Zekai Tahir Burak EAH (Retinopathy of Prematurity Fellowship)/

2015 - 2023 Kocaeli Derince Training and Research Hospital

2023 - Medipol University Pendik Hospital

Experiences

Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine 2007-2013

Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine 2014-2022

Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cardiology Institute 2022

Schools / Trainings

Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, L11an1 2001-2007

Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Specialization 2007-2013

Aortic Dilation (Aneurysm)

Heart Valve Problems

Aortic Dissection

Coronary Artery Disease

Carotid Artery Occlusion (Carotid Stenosis)

Varicose Veins

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Aortic Insufficiency

Aortic Valve Diseases

Mitral Insufficiency

Mitral Valve Problem

Mitral Stenosis

Varicose Ulcer

Diabetic Foot

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Raynaud's Disease

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Ischemic Heart Disease

Heart Pain

Leg Artery Occlusion

Capillary Rupture

Heart Failure

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Aortic Arch Aneurysm

Ascending Aortic Aneurysm

Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Carotid

In 2007, I graduated from Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine and received the title of “Medical Doctor”. In the same year, as a result of the TUS exam I took, I started my specialization training at Istanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery.

During my specialization training, in 2010, I worked as a guest doctor at “Lenox Hill Hospital, Aortic Wellness Center” in New York, USA, on aortic valve-preserving surgery, aortic root surgery, aortic arch surgery, thoracoabdominal aortic surgery and robotic heart surgery.

In 2013, I worked as a “fellow” at the “Landeskrankenhaus Salzburg, Paracelsus Universitätsklinik für Gefäßchirurgie und endovaskuläre Chirurgie” clinic in Salzburg, Austria, and conducted studies on endovascular and advanced vascular surgery techniques.

In 2013, I worked as a visiting physician at the “Vita-Salute University, Scientific Institute, Ospedale San Raffaele, dipartimento di chirurgia vascolare ed endovascolare” clinic in Milan, Italy, on endovascular techniques, advanced vascular techniques and surgical treatment of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

In 2013, I completed my assistant training and earned the title of “Cardiovascular Surgery Specialist”.

As of 2014, I started working as a “Specialist Doctor” at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University.

In 2016, I received the title of “Assistant Professor Doctor”. In the same year, I received the “Certificate of Proficiency” issued by the “Turkish Cardiovascular Surgery Qualification Board”.

In 2017, I worked as a visiting doctor for 3 months at the “Landeskrankenhaus Nürnberg, Paracelsus Universitätsklinik für Gefäßchirurgie und endovaskuläre Chirurgie” clinic in Nuremberg, Germany, on advanced endovascular (FEVAR, BEVAR, CHEVAR, EVAR, TEVAR) techniques in aortic diseases.

I received the title of “Associate Professor” in 2019. I am fluent in English.

I have been working at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cardiology Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery since 2022

Dr. Kallayanee Porngometkul is a gastroenterologist and Head of the Obesity Center at Yanhee International Hospital. She treats gastrointestinal and liver diseases. She has experience in endoscopic weight-loss therapy, including stomach balloon placement. She is also a speaker on obesity.

Education: MD, Srinakharinwirot University (2003). Internal Medicine training (2009). Subspecialty in Gastrointestinal Medicine (2014).

Credentials: Gastroenterological Association of Thailand; Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Association of Thailand; Liver Disease Association of Thailand; Medical Council of Thailand; Royal College of Physicians of Thailand.

Dr. Boaz Liberman, MD, is an orthopedic oncologist and sarcoma surgeon for adults and children. He directs the Orthopedic Oncology Unit and serves as Vice Head of Orthopedic Surgery at Sheba Medical Center. His focus is limb-sparing cancer surgery with functional reconstruction. He performs complex joint reconstruction, revision arthroplasty, MRgFUS, and reconstruction after bone metastases.

Education and training: MD, Tel Aviv University. Orthopedic surgery residency, Sheba Medical Center. Fellowships in Adult Reconstruction at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, and in Orthopedic Oncology at Mount Sinai Hospital and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. He is board-certified in Orthopedic Surgery and in Orthopedic Oncology Surgery. He is a Clinical Instructor at Tel Aviv University. Memberships include the Israel Medical Association, Israel Orthopedic Association, AATB, and EATB. He also serves on national advisory committees. His research covers bone and soft tissue sarcomas, serum markers, imaging-guided therapies, MRI arthrography, and the biomechanics of bone treated with MRgFUS.

Department of Gynecology

• Education/Academic career
• Graduated from the University of California, Berkeley
• Graduated from Korea University School of Medicine
• Completed internship at Korea University Medical Center
• Resident in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Korea University Medical Center
• Clinical Instructor at Korea University Guro Hospital
• Assistant Clinical Professor (Adjunct) at Korea University Guro Hospital
• Professional memberships
• Full Member of the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Full Member of the Korean Society of Obstetric Endocrinology
• Full Member of the Korean Society of Gynecologic Endoscopy
• Full Member of the Korean Society of Menopause
• Lifetime Member of the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Specialties

General gynecology, laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery, diagnosis and management of menopause/osteoporosis, clinic for unmarried women, menstrual and ovulation disorders, early diagnosis and management of gynecological conditions, foreign patient consultation

Professor Shixin Liu, MD, PhD, is the Discipline Leader of the Oncology Center. He is the former President of Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital and former Director of the Cancer Prevention and Treatment Research Institute. He is a second-level professor and doctoral supervisor. He has received the State Council Special Government Allowance, the 4th National Famous Doctor (Outstanding Contribution) award, and the Model of Medical Ethics honor.

He specializes in the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. His focus is precision radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal cancers. He is skilled in IMRT, VMAT, and SBRT for lung, esophageal, breast, and rectal cancers.

His leadership roles include Vice Chair of CMA Radiation Oncology, CACA Radiotherapy, and CACA Particle Therapy. He serves on the CSCO Standing Committee and as Vice Chair of the CSCO Radiation Oncology Expert Committee. He is Vice Chair of CPAM Radiation Oncology and a Standing Committee member of CSMEA. He chairs the Jilin Medical Association Radiation Oncology branch. He is on the editorial boards of the Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology and the Practical Journal of Cancer.

EDUCATION:

2000 - SSK Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, .

1996 - Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

EXPERIENCE:

2019 - Istanbul Medipol University Pendik Hospital

2017 - 2019 - Private Adatıp Kurtköy Hospital

2005 - 2017 - Private Avicenna Umut Hospital

2003 - 2005 - SSK Yalova Regional Hospital

2002 - 2003 - Kayseri Military Hospital

Dr. Kim Chang-il is a specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology. He is the Director of the Robotic Surgery Center and the Uterine Fibroid Center at Naeun Hospital. He specializes in robotic laparoscopy and uterine and ovarian preservation. He treats severe adenomyosis, large uterine fibroids, endometriosis, ovarian cysts, chronic pelvic pain, urinary incontinence, and menopause.

Former roles include Head of OB/GYN at Pohang St. Mary’s Hospital; Deputy Director of Gynecology at Dongtan Jeil Hospital; Head of Gynecology at Geomdan Top Hospital; and Head of OB/GYN at His Medi Hospital.

He is a full member of the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Korean Society of Gynecologic Endoscopy & Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Korean Society of Endometriosis, the Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology, the Korean Pelvic Nerve Research Society, and the Korean Society of Menopause. He is a lifetime member of the Korean Society of Single-Port Surgery.

Prof. Mesut Polat, MD. Obstetrics and Gynecology; Gynecologic Oncology. Expertise: gynecologic oncology; advanced and minimally invasive gynecologic surgery; high‑risk obstetrics; placenta accreta spectrum; medical and surgical management of postpartum hemorrhage.

Professor at Medipol Acıbadem District Hospital (2019–2025). Former obstetrics and gynecology specialist at Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe and Zeynep Kamil Hospitals. Administrative lead at Zeynep Kamil (2015–2016). Teaches undergraduate and postgraduate students. Co‑supervised theses in 2016. Member of the Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Author of 19 international peer‑reviewed papers indexed in SCI, SCI‑Expanded, and SSCI. Topics include cesarean myomectomy, frozen section in endometrial cancer, urinary outcomes after hysterectomy, placenta percreta, and tamoxifen‑related uterine sarcoma. Presented at international congresses in 2016 and national congresses in 2015–2016. Awards include Certificates of Appreciation from the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health (2015, 2016).

Education

2005 – 2011 | Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
M.D. Degree

2013 – 2019 | Erenköy Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Neurology Residency Program

Languages

English – Very Advanced

Professional Experience

Artvin Borçka State Hospital, Artvin, Turkey
General Practitioner (Compulsory Service)
2011 – 2012

Erenköy Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Department, Istanbul, Turkey
Resident Physician
2013 – 2019

Siirt State Hospital, Siirt, Turkey
Neurology Specialist (Compulsory Service)
2019 – March 2021

Private Pendik Medical Park Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Neurology Specialist
April 3, 2021 – April 10, 2024

Bahçeşehir University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
Assistant Professor
April 19, 2021 – June 1, 2024

Medipol Acıbadem Regional Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Associate Professor of Neurology
April 22, 2024 – Present

Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
Associate Professor of Neurology
November 11, 2024 – Present

Memberships

Turkish Neurology Society

Turkish Medical Association

International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Turkish Neurology Society Neurorehabilitation Working Group

Global Migraine and Pain Society

International Headache Society

Turkish Parkinson’s Disease Society

Turkish Alzheimer Association, Kadıköy Branch

Areas of Interest

Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders

Migraine and other headache disorders

Sleep disorders

Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease

EEG, Polysomnography (PSG), Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT)

Botulinum toxin injections for movement disorders

Nerve blocks and botulinum toxin for headache management

Epilepsy

The doctor is a leading medical oncologist specializing in cancer treatment through molecular targeted therapies and personalized medicine. With extensive experience, the doctor has served as an advisor to the Spanish Ministry of Health and directed the Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology.

The doctor has held prestigious positions, including President of the European Society for Medical Oncology and Head of the Digestive and Endocrine Tumour Unit at Hospital Quirónsalud Barcelona. The doctor is a prolific researcher with over 70 published papers and has been recognized with awards such as the Cancer Care Award in Gastrointestinal Cancer by the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

Education and Expertise

09/2001 to 07/2008 – Marmara University, School of Medicine

02/2009 to 06/2014 – Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Experience

09/2008 to 02/2009 – Sultançiftliği Health Clinic, Istanbul

06/2014 to 01/2016 – Khorasan State Hospital

02/2016 to 2019 – Health Science University, Ümraniye Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

03/2019 to 04/2023 – Acıbadem Maslak Hospital, IVF Center

Foreign Experience

01/05/2012 to 15/06/2012 – Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Section of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

23/09/2013 to 04/10/2013 – Nezhat Medical Center, Atlanta Center for Special Minimally Invasive Surgery & Reproductive Medicine, Georgia, Atlanta

Education & Expertise

1995 to 2001 | Ege University Faculty of Medicine – Medical Education

2001 to 2006 | Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine – Internal Medicine Specialization

2008 to 2011 | Göztepe Training and Research Hospital – Gastroenterology Subspecialty

2014 | Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital – Associate Professor of Gastroenterology

2021 | University of Health Sciences – Professor

Professional Experience

2007 | Nusaybin State Hospital – Internal Medicine Specialist (Civil Service Obligation)

2011 to 2014 | Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital – Gastroenterology Specialist

2014 to 2017 | Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital – Associate Professor of Gastroenterology

2017 to 2021 | Health Sciences University – Associate Professor of Gastroenterology

2015 to 2021 | Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital Gastroenterology Clinic – Clinic Chief

2021 to 2022 | University of Health Sciences – Professor of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology

2015 to 2022 | Genomic Laboratory (GLAB) Coordinator, Istanbul Provincial Health Directorate

2014 to 2021 | Northern Clinics of Istanbul Journal (indexed in WoS and PubMed) – Founding Editor

2021 to Present | Turkish Liver Research Association – Board Member

2022 to Present | Hepatology Bulletin Journal – Editor

2019 to Present | Hepatology Forum Magazine – Editor

2016 to Present | World Journal of Hepatology – Editor

International Experience

1999 | Trainee Doctor, Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK

2000 | Trainee Doctor, Cardiology Unit, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK

2005 | Assistant Doctor, Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK

Professional Memberships

Turkish Gastroenterology Association

Turkish Liver Research Association

EASL – European Association for the Study of Liver

APASL – Asian Pacific Association for the Study of Liver

AAAS – American Association for the Advancement of Science

Awards & Recognitions

2013 | Liver Fibrosis Pathways in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Comparative Proteomic Study – Gilead Fellowship Award

2014 | Liver Fibrosis Pathways in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Comparative Proteomic Study – Viral Hepatitis Fight Association Project Support Award

2014 | The Relationship between Spontaneous Seroconversion and Toll-Like Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Hepatitis B Infection – Turkish Gastroenterology Association, Best Poster Second Prize

2015 | Research on Damage Pathways in Liver Tissue in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Comparative Proteomic Study – Turkish Gastroenterology Association, Best Oral Presentation Third Prize

2016 | Investigations of the EGF and Its Receptor EGFR Gene Variants in Ulcerative Colitis – XV Euroasian Congress of Gastroenterology and Surgery, Best Oral Presentation Third Prize