Navigating the journey of gender transition involves not just emotional and physical aspects but also financial planning. If you're feeling anxious about affording transgender surgery, this article has you covered. Drawing on Bookimed's research of internal data and global market trends, it goes over what you might have to pay in 2025, how insurance can help, and where to get extra financial support.
Quick overview:
- Average top surgery cost: $3,000-$10,000.
- Average bottom surgery cost: $6,400-$25,000.
- Average facial surgery cost: $1,000-$50,000.
- Average voice surgery cost: $5,000-$9,000.
- The US and the UK offer transgender surgeries on the pricier spectrum: $10,150-$75,000.
- Thailand offers more affordable options: $3,500-$22,000.
- Turkey is known for its cost-effective healthcare, and transgender surgeries are no exception: $5,000 to $15,000.
Table of Contents
- How Much is Transgender Surgery Worldwide?
- How Much is Gender Reassignment Surgery by Type?
- What Factors Affect the Cost of Transgender Surgery?
- What is Covered by Transgender Surgery Cost?
- Does Insurance Cover Gender Reassignment Surgery?
- How to Pay for Transgender Surgery?
- Tips for Minimizing Transgender Surgery Costs
- Best Countries for Gender Reassignment Surgery
- Takeaways
How Much is Transgender Surgery Worldwide?
The cost of transgender surgery can vary widely from one country to another due to factors such as the cost of living, healthcare system structure, and the demand for such surgeries.
Here's a comparative look at the average costs of the most common types of transgender surgery across several countries:
Type of surgery | Gender reassignment surgery cost in the US | Gender reassignment surgery cost in the UK | Gender reassignment surgery cost in Thailand | Gender reassignment surgery cost in Turkey |
|---|---|---|---|---|
$10,000-$20,000 | $6,300-$10,200 | $3,500-$4,500 | $3,800-$7,600 | |
$25,000-$75,000 | $10,000-$75,000 | $10,000-$22,000 | $5,000-$15,000 | |
$26,000 | $10,000-$31,700 | $5,000-$15,000 | $11,800-$13,000 | |
Voice Surgery | $5,500-$9,000 | $3,800-$6,400 | $3,500-$5,000 | $3,500-$5,000 |
💡 Expert insight
"Deciding whether gender-affirming surgery is worth it is a deeply personal choice. In my experience, the answer is almost always yes. Gender-affirming surgery has one of the highest satisfaction rates—99.7%. That’s incredibly rare in any field. To compare, regret rates for other types of surgeries average around 14.4%. This means far fewer people regret transgender surgery than more common types of procedures."
— Dr. Pichet Rodchareon, a board-certified plastic and gender-affirming surgeon, WPATH member.
24.01.2025
- Technique:
- Dr. Tanongsak Panyayvirulroj is a renowned plastic surgeon specializing in sex reassignment surgery.
- Asia Cosmetic Hospital holds prestigious Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation for maintaining high patient care standards.
- Included Services: Hotel, General anesthesia, Preoperative tests, Medications, Follow-up examination, Post-op medications, Neck pillow, Language assistance, Consultation with a surgeon, Follow-up visit, Consultation with a cardiologist, 4* Hotel, Transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport.
- Stay Info: 7 Days stay in the hospital, 14 Days stay in the hotel, included in the price.
- Technique: Scrotal Skin Graft Vaginoplasty
- Saran Wannachamras has a certificate of knowledge and expertise in medical practice from Thailand.
- Wansiri Hospital provides comprehensive services, including transfer, accommodation, and language assistance for international patients.
- Included Services: Personalized beauty advice, hotel, video or text consultation, general anesthesia, preoperative tests, blood tests, medications, follow-up examination, post-op medications, language assistance, full board, hospitalization, transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport.
- Stay Info: 5 days in the hospital, 17 days in the hotel, accommodations included in the price.
- Technique: Peritoneal Pull-Through Vaginoplasty (PPV)
- Saran Wannachamras is certified by the Medical Council of Thailand in medical practice expertise.
- Wansiri Hospital has a dedicated team specializing in advanced sex reassignment surgeries.
- Included Services: Language assistance, personalized beauty advice, multiple consultations, general anesthesia, post-op medications, preoperative tests, chest X-ray, hospitalization, hotel stay, airport transfers.
- Stay Info: 10 days in the hospital, 11 days in the hotel, included in the price.
- Method: Colon Laparotomy
- Saran Wannachamras achieved a graduate diploma in clinical science from Chulalongkorn University in 1993.
- Wansiri Hospital provides comprehensive sex reassignment surgery services with advanced techniques and personalized care.
- Included Services: Personalized beauty advice, video or text consultation, general anesthesia, preoperative tests, blood tests, follow-up examination, post-op medications, chest X-ray, language assistance, full board, hospitalization, hotel stay, transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport.
- Stay Info: 7 days in the hospital, 14 days in the hotel, included in the price.
- Technique: Sigmoid colon laparoscopic
- Saran Wannachamras achieved a certificate of knowledge and expertise in medical practice in 1995.
- Wansiri Hospital serves international patients with personalized care and advanced surgical techniques.
- Included Services: Personalized beauty advice, hotel, consultations, general anesthesia, preoperative tests, blood tests, post-op medications, chest X-ray, language assistance, full board, hospitalization, transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport.
- Stay Info: 7 days in the hospital, 14 days in the hotel, included in the price.
How Much is Gender Reassignment Surgery by Type?
Gender reassignment surgery encompasses a range of procedures aimed at aligning individuals’ physical appearance with their gender identity. The cost of these surgeries can vary widely, from $2,000 for a simple procedure to $134,000 for complex, multi-stage surgeries. The average cost of gender reassignment surgery is between $3,000 and $50,000.
This table gives a rough outline of gender reassignment surgery costs according to the type of procedure:
Istanbul Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center
Istanbul Aesthetics Plastic Surgery Center is a Turkish clinic specialized in aesthetic, plastic and dental procedures, hair transplant, and Brazilian butt lift, in particular.
The clinic offers the newest methods as Vaser liposuction, FUE and DHI hair transplants, PRP therapy for hair loss treatment.
Over 4,000 patients choose İstanbul Aesthetics for plastic procedures. Hair and beard transplant by local specialists is popular with patients from the UK, Italy, Lithuania, Spain, and Argentina.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| X-ray examination | $164 - $274 |
| treatment | |
| FUE hair transplant | |
Quartz Hospital
Quartz Hospital is a private multi-specialty medical center located in Istanbul, Turkey. The team is dedicated to surgery, plastic surgery, aesthetic medicine, and cosmetology. Among the clinic's achievements are the success rates: 97.4% for rhinoplasty (nose job), 96.3% for breast augmentation, and 98.6% for DHI hair transplantation.
Quartz Hospital was founded by Dr. Leyla Arvas, who has over 25 years of experience. She is a certified VASER liposuction trainer, contributing to the training and education of other surgeons worldwide. Quartz Hospital provides a range of rejuvenation therapies, including Hydrafacial, Ulthera, PRP, and advanced laser technologies.
Quartz Hospital serves 6500 patients who choose Quartz Hospital to get medical care every year. Patients from Europe & Commonwealth, Arab League States, the USA, Canada, and Australia visit the clinic most often.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Breast ultrasound | |
| treatment | |
| Breast reduction | $4,360 - $5,480 |
Memorial Şişli Hospital
Memorial Şişli Hospital in Istanbul is one of Turkey’s leading multidisciplinary medical centers, operating on a 53,000 m² area with 252 beds, 13 operating rooms, and advanced intensive care units. Opened in 2000, it became the first hospital in Turkey and the 21st worldwide to earn Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, confirming world-class standards.
The hospital is recognized for its expertise in oncology, organ and bone marrow transplantation (90% organ transplant success rate), IVF, neurosurgery, bariatric surgery, robotic surgery, and genetics. Equipped with cutting-edge technology and specialized centers, Memorial Şişli attracts patients from 167 countries each year, combining top-level medical care with Istanbul’s unique cultural and travel opportunities.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Consultation with creation of treatment plan | |
| treatment | |
| Vaser liposuction | $1,640 - $1,970 |
WestDent Clinic
WestDent is a private dental clinic in Izmir, Turkey. For the last 3 years, the West Dental Clinic dentists provided over 15,000 dental surgery operations. The team shows 99% success rate for all dental procedures. 45,000 patients trust their oral health to West Dental Clinic annually.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Consultation with a dentist | |
| treatment | |
| All-on-4 Dental Implants | $4,130 - $8,140 |
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental
Hisar Hospital Intercontinental is a multi-specialty medical center in Istanbul, Turkiye, accredited by the Joint Commission International (JCI) for meeting high standards of treatment quality and safety.
The hospital specializes in oncology, hematology, cardiovascular surgery, orthopedics, and bariatric procedures, including gastric sleeve, bypass, and balloon. It also offers comprehensive health check-ups.
Annually, over 500,000 patients seek medical care at Hisar Hospital Intercontinental. Patients from Europe, America, Africa, CIS, and the Balkans choose the hospital for specialized and high-quality treatment.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Gastroscopy | $500 |
| treatment | |
| Septoplasty (Deviated Septum Surgery) | $2,000 - $3,000 |
Anadolu Medical Center
Anadolu Medical Center is a multidisciplinary facility providing American treatment standards at affordable prices in Istanbul (Turkey). Anadolu affiliates with the Johns Hopkins Hospital, one of the best medical facilities in the USA.
Oncology, hematology oncology, urology, neurosurgery, women's health, IVF, and check-up are the leading specialties in Anadolu Hospital.
The medical center is among the Top 10 hospitals in the world according to the Medical Travel Quality Alliance (MTQUA), an international organization that promotes excellent standards of health services for medical tourists.
Patients from the United States, the United Kingdom, Romania, Bulgaria, and Azerbaijan choose Anadolu Medical Center.
Summary about Anadolu from patients' reviews:
The Anadolu Clinic is a highly-regarded medical facility located on the coast of the marble sea. It is renowned for its professionalism, cleanliness, and attention to detail. The staff is polite, attentive, and responsive to patients' needs. Highly-trained and skilled doctors are available for comprehensive examinations and treatments, and the recovery room is bright and comfortable with a beautiful view. Patients have benefited from the services of an excellent translator, Elmira, and the support of coordinators Zakhida, Bakhtygul, and Amina, Gayana. The clinic also offers a transfer service from the airport to the hotel and back, as well as booking a hotel conveniently located 10-15 minutes away. Anadolu is the perfect choice for a successful treatment and recovery.
Top 5 Anadolu Advantages:
- Highly skilled and experienced medical staff
- Advanced equipment
- Personal coordinators and interpreters
- Pleasant atmosphere
- Wide range of medical services and treatments
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| CT (computer tomography) | $450 - $530 |
| treatment | |
| Blepharoplasty (Eyelid correction) | $1,200 - $1,500 |
Dr. MED
Dr. MED Clinic is a private multi-specialty medical center in Istanbul, Turkey, specializing in plastic surgery, aesthetic medicine, cosmetology, and weight loss surgery. The clinic reports high success rates, including 97% for facelift surgery, 99.5% for liposuction, and 98.5% for mommy makeovers.
The medical team utilizes advanced techniques such as deep-plane facelifts, scarless facelifts, breast reconstruction, and VASER liposculpture. Treating only adults, the clinic welcomes over 4,500 patients annually, primarily from Europe, the Commonwealth, the USA, Canada, Australia, and CIS countries.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| X-ray examination | $109 - $328 |
| treatment | |
| DHI hair transplantation | $3,340 - $3,590 |
ID Clinic Bangkok
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Complete blood count | $30 - $50 |
| treatment | |
| Scar revision | |
Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital
Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital (former Adatip International Hospital) is a private multi-specialty medical center located in Istanbul, Turkey. Top specialties here are neurosurgery, orthopedics, spinal surgery, and weight loss surgery. Lokman Hekim serves both adults and children. Patients from the CIS, Africa, and Arab League States visit the clinic most often.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Consultation with a pulmonologist | |
| treatment | |
| Butt implants | $3,010 - $3,280 |
Adem and Havva Medical Center
Adem & Havva Hair Transplantation and Aesthetic Center is a single-specialty medical facility based in Istanbul, Turkey. The local team of experts provides hair treatments (transplants, PRP and ozone therapies), plastic surgery, aesthetic procedures, and dental care. Adem&Havva Center has been conducted over 16,000 plastic surgery interventions. The center welcomes patients from 45 countries including the ones from the USA, Middle East, and Europe.
| diagnostics | |
|---|---|
| Tumor Marker Blood Test | $109 - $219 |
| treatment | |
| Neck lift | $4,065 - $4,645 |
Type of Surgery | Average Gender Reassignment Surgery Cost |
|---|---|
FTM top surgery (breast removal) | $3,000-$10,000 |
MTF top surgery (breast augmentation) | $5,000-$10,000 |
FTM bottom surgery (genital reconstruction) | $6,400-$25,000 |
MTF bottom surgery | $10,000-$25,000 |
$20,000-$50,000 | |
$1,000-$20,000 | |
Voice surgery | $5,000-$9,000 |
Below, we delve into details of each surgical procedure that might influence the gender-affirming surgery cost.
Female-to-male (FTM) top surgery cost
Female-to-male (FTM) top surgery removes breast tissue and gives the chest a more masculine appearance. On average, the cost of this gender reassignment surgery is between $3,000 and $10,000.
There are several techniques for FTM top surgery:
- Double incision procedure with nipple grafts is usually more expensive due to its complexity. This top surgery procedure is suitable for trans people with larger amounts of breast tissue. It involves two horizontal incisions across the chest to remove tissue and excess skin, with nipples repositioned as grafts.
- Periareolar & Keyhole top surgeries are generally less expensive (by up to $2,000) due to their less invasive nature and reduced surgical time. These options are optimal for those with a smaller chest size. They involve tissue removal through a small incision around or near the areolas, resulting in minimal scarring.
- The buttonhole technique removes more tissue through one cut than keyhole or periareolar methods while trying to preserve the nipple's look and feel. Buttonhole surgery is excellent for people with smaller chests who value their nipple sensation. Price-wise, it falls between the cost of periareolar/keyhole and double incision procedures.
Male-to-female (MTF) top surgery cost
MTF top surgery, or breast augmentation, involves the placement of breast implants to create female-contoured breasts. The cost ranges from $5,000 to $10,000 and depends on the desired size, type of implant, and the surgical approach.
Find out more about about top surgery costs here.
Female-to-male (FTM) bottom surgery cost
FTM bottom surgery includes procedures aimed at constructing male genitalia and removing female reproductive organs. On average, FTM genital gender reassignment surgery cost is between $6,400 and $25,000.
There are several types of FTM bottom surgery, varying in goals and complexity:
- Hysterectomy: $9,500 - $22,500. Removal of the uterus.
- Oophorectomy: $11,500 - $18,500. Removal of the ovaries.
- Vaginectomy: $6,500 - $7,500. Removal of the vagina.
- Metoidioplasty: $6,000 - $30,000. Creates a phallus from the clitoral tissue, which has been enlarged through hormone therapy. Less complex than phalloplasty, which influences its lower cost range.
- Phalloplasty: $20,000 - $50,000. Constructs a penis using tissue grafted from other parts of the body, such as the forearm or thigh. The high complexity, longer surgery time, and the need for multiple stages contribute to its higher cost.
💡 Expert insight
"Patients often ask why FTM surgery tends to cost more than MTF procedures. The answer is that it’s a much more complex surgery. Phalloplasty involves skin grafts to construct a functioning organ where one wasn't before instead of repurposing existing tissue in MTF surgeries.
Metoidioplasty is a less invasive alternative and costs about half as much. It preserves sensation and enables erection, but the penis length might not be sufficient for penetrative sex. Ultimately, the decision shouldn’t come down to cost but to what best fits your needs and goals."
— Dr. Pichet Rodchareon, a board-certified plastic and gender-affirming surgeon, WPATH member.
24.01.2025
Male-to-female (MTF) bottom surgery cost
MTF bottom surgery refers to procedures that create female genitalia and remove male reproductive organs. The average MTF genital sex reassignment surgery cost is around $25,000.
- Orchiectomy: $2,000-$8,000. The surgical removal of testicles. A relatively straightforward procedure, hence the lower cost.
- Vaginoplasty/Vulvoplasty: $10,000-$30,000. The complexity of creating functional genitalia with aesthetic considerations explains the higher price range.
Vaginoplasty vs. Vulvoplasty. Vaginoplasty constructs a vagina and vulva using penile and scrotal tissue. Vulvoplasty, or zero-depth vaginoplasty, is less invasive, focusing solely on the creation of external genitalia without constructing a vaginal canal.
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Facial reconstruction cost
- Facial feminization surgery (FFS): $20,000 to $50,000. A series of surgery procedures that alter masculine facial features to a more feminine appearance. The wide range of potential procedures (jaw shaving, rhinoplasty, brow lift, tracheal shave, etc.) and the complexity of facial surgery contribute to the high cost.
- Facial masculinization surgery (FMS): $1,000 and $20,000. Involves enhancing masculine features, such as jaw augmentation or Adam’s apple enhancement. This type of FTM surgery is less common since testosterone therapy often provides sufficient masculinization of facial features.
💡 Expert insight
"The cost of facial feminization surgery (FFS) varies so widely because it can involve different combinations of procedures. The total cost depends on how many procedures you choose, the complexity of each, and the clinic itself.
Combining multiple procedures in one session can save time and money, but it’s important not to overdo it. A good strategy is to focus on the changes that will have the biggest impact on your appearance. Your surgeon will help you prioritize and get the most value out of your FFS."
— Dr. Pichet Rodchareon, a board-certified plastic and gender-affirming surgeon, WPATH member.
24.01.2025
💰 Looking for more details on FFS costs? This article has got you covered!
Voice surgery cost
This gender-affirming procedure alters a patient's voice pitch and resonance to align with their gender identity more closely.
- Voice feminization surgery (VFS)modifies the vocal cords to produce a higher pitch, typically sought by transgender people aiming for a more feminine-sounding voice.
- Voice masculinization surgery (VMS), while less common than VFS, is a procedure aimed at deepening the voice to make it sound more typically masculine.
Surgery costs start at approximately $5,000 and can go up to $9,000 or more.
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🤔Want to learn more about what to expect from gender-affirming surgeries? Read our Sex Reassignment Surgery Guide.
What Factors Affect the Cost of Transgender Surgery?
- Type of surgery. The specific procedure you're undergoing is one of the biggest cost determinants. Complex, multi-stage surgeries like phalloplasty or vaginoplasty tend to be more expensive than top surgeries or minor cosmetic procedures.
- Number of surgeries. Patients can combine surgeries, for example, have an orchiectomy at the same time as a phalloplasty. There are also instances where revision surgeries are necessary to refine initial results. Each additional stage or procedure increases the complexity, time, and resources needed.
- Surgeon’s expertise. Surgeons who are highly specialized and experienced in transgender surgeries typically charge more for their services.
- Geographic location. Sex reassignment surgery cost can vary depending on where it is performed. Countries with a higher cost of living or places where transgender surgeries are more in demand might have higher surgery costs.
- Hospital or surgery center fees. The facility where your surgery takes place can also impact the cost. Private clinics may have different pricing structures than public hospitals, and additional fees for anesthesia, operating room use, and post-operative care can add up.
What is Covered by Transgender Surgery Cost?
When you're looking into the cost of transgender surgery, it's essential to know what you're paying for. These costs aren't just for the surgery itself; they cover a range of necessary steps and services that ensure your transition is safe and successful. These usually include:
- imaging tests;
- blood tests;
- prescription medications;
- surgeon’s fee;
- hospital fee;
- general anesthesia fees.
Sometimes, surgeries require additional procedures for optimal final results, like urethral lengthening and erectile device installation alongside phalloplasty.
All-inclusive packages
Clinics in Turkey and Thailand offer all-inclusive packages for transgender surgery. They can simplify your financial planning by covering all the essentials at one price.
Aside from the services usually covered by the cost, they may offer:
- customized plans with a combination of procedures that best fit your needs;
- accommodation;
- transfers;
- post-surgery support;
- translation services;
- leisure activities for your recovery period.
💡 Expert insight
"Surgery in Thailand can cost up to 70% less than in the USA, and when you add an all-inclusive package to these already lower costs, the benefits are clear. With these packages, patients save an additional 20-30% by bundling essentials like accommodation, transfers, and post-surgery care. These deals also often include things transgender surgery patients need after surgery, like compression garments and dilators."
— Dr. Pichet Rodchareon, a board-certified plastic and gender-affirming surgeon, WPATH member.
24.01.2025
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Does Insurance Cover Gender Reassignment Surgery?
Health insurance plans usually cover treatments deemed medically necessary for gender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria is a condition where there's a disconnect between the sex assigned at birth and the gender someone identifies with. These treatments can include hormones, surgeries, or counseling. They aim to align one's gender identity with their appearance and anatomy.
However, coverage and specific requirements can vary depending on where you live, who you work for, and the details of your health insurance plan.
Determining your plan’s coverage and limitations
To get a clear picture of what your health plan covers, start with your member booklet. You should have received this document upon enrolling in your policy or joining your company's employee plan. It outlines the treatments included and the evidence you need to provide to qualify for coverage.
📋Common requirements for coverage include:
- One or two recommendation letters from a mental health professional.
- Evidence of hormone therapy for at least a year before surgery.
- Being at least 18 years old.
For prior authorization, you will need to provide your insurance company with documentation proving the medical necessity of the treatment. Failing to secure pre-approval might result in claim denial, even for surgery covered by the plan.
While genital and chest surgeries are usually classified as medically necessary, facial feminization/masculinization surgeries often fall under the cosmetic category for insurance companies. They rarely cover these and other procedures not deemed essential, like voice surgery. Coverage for these surgeries can be especially limited in states with less support for transgender rights.
Additional Costs
While your insurance company might cover the surgery itself, there are still additional costs to consider:
- Home assistance. If you're recovering solo, you might need to hire help at home.
- Travel and accommodation. Traveling for surgery? Factor in your flights and hotel stays.
- Psychiatric care. Essential for obtaining a referral letter for surgery, therapy sessions can cost between $65 and $250.
- Time off work. Expect to take six weeks off for bottom surgery recovery and around two weeks for top surgery.
- Recovery aids. After bottom surgery, items like a shower stool, waterproof bed sheets, cheap underwear, and sanitary towels can add up. Depending on the exact procedure, top surgery necessities may include a mastectomy pillow, chest binder, and loose-fitting clothes.
How to Pay for Transgender Surgery?
Budgeting for transgender surgery can be daunting, but there are several options available to help manage the costs:
- Payment plans. Healthcare providers and hospitals can offer payment plans, allowing you to spread the cost of surgery over time. Bookimed also enables patients to comfortably pay for the surgery in interest-free installments.
- Personal loans. You can take out a personal loan for a lump sum to cover medical expenses, ranging from $1,000 to $100,000. Your borrowing capacity and interest rates will depend on your credit score and income.
- Credit cards. Credit cards can give you access to a credit line for medical bills, which you pay off over time.
- Medical credit cards. Specifically for medical expenses, cards like CareCredit offer no-interest plans for a set period, but watch out for retroactive interest if the balance isn't cleared in time.
- Home equity. If you own your home, you might consider a home equity loan or line of credit (HELOC), which can offer lower interest rates. However, your home becomes collateral, posing a risk if you cannot keep up with repayments.
Grants for transgender surgery
Several nonprofits offer grants to help cover the partial or total cost of the gender confirmation surgery, providing financial aid that doesn't need to be repaid. Eligibility and requirements vary, but demonstrating some personal savings toward the surgery can strengthen your application. Here are a few organizations offering such support:
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Tips for Minimizing Transgender Surgery Costs
As you plan how to finance your surgery, keep these strategies in mind to keep costs down:
- Go through your insurance plan with a fine-tooth comb, and don’t be afraid to ask your provider questions. Dealing with insurance paperwork can be tiring, but the significant savings will be worth it.
- Use a health savings account (HSA) or a flexible spending account (FSA) to save for medical expenses, including gender-affirming surgeries.
- Try crowdfunding. Platforms like GoFundMe or Fundly can help raise funds for your surgery.
- Seek support from friends and family. They may offer more flexible and less costly loans to support your transition.
- Be mindful of interest rates to avoid paying more in the long run.
Best Countries for Gender Reassignment Surgery: How Much Is a Sex Change in Thailand and Turkey?
In the quest for gender affirmation, the search for excellence and affordability in surgical care leads patients to the global stage. Thailand and Turkey attract patients from all over the world with their remarkable medical expertise, welcoming culture, and affordable gender reassignment surgery cost.
🛕Thailand: The global leader in gender-affirming care
👍Pros:
- Sex change capital of the world. Thailand isn't just famous for its beaches; it's a top medical tourism destination, welcoming over 2 million international patients a year. In particular, it is the №1 choice for gender-affirming surgery overseas.
- Expert surgeons. Thailand's surgeons are some of the best in the business, with decades of experience and innovation under their belts. For nearly half a century, starting with Dr. Preecha Tiewtranon's pioneering work in 1975, Thailand has led advancements in sex reassignment surgery (SRS).
- Innovative techniques. From the latest surgical techniques to state-of-the-art hospital facilities, Thailand is all about providing superior care. Thai doctors are known for developing groundbreaking surgical methods in SRS, including non-penile inversion vaginoplasty and peritoneal vaginoplasty.
- Affordable cost. Surgeries here can be 3 times cheaper than in Western countries, making it a desirable option for those without insurance or seeking a more budget-friendly solution.
- Hospitality. Known for its exceptional hospitality, Thailand's medical community extends a warm welcome to international patients. This is an excellent opportunity to combine a life-changing event with an enjoyable recovery vacation.
- Trans acceptance. With one of the most visible transgender communities in the world, Thailand offers an environment of understanding and respect. Bangkok is known for its inclusivity, where it’s common to encounter kathoeys (transgender women). The country also hosts Miss International Queen, the world's largest transgender beauty pageant. This cultural acceptance is mirrored in the compassionate care provided in Thailand’s gender confirmation clinics.
👎Cons:
- Travel distance. For patients traveling from far away, the distance can add significant travel and accommodation costs to the overall budget.
- Cultural and language barriers. While medical staff often speak English, navigating a new culture and language can be challenging for some patients.
💸How much does gender reassignment surgery cost in Thailand?
Among Bookimed's partner clinics in Thailand, the costs range from around $4,500 for top surgery to $20,000 for bottom surgery.
📸See the results of sex reassignment surgery done in Thailand for yourself! Click on the offer below to check out the examples of before-and-after photos:
- Technique:
- Dr. Tanongsak Panyayvirulroj is a renowned plastic surgeon specializing in sex reassignment surgery.
- Asia Cosmetic Hospital holds prestigious Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation for maintaining high patient care standards.
- Included Services: Hotel, General anesthesia, Preoperative tests, Medications, Follow-up examination, Post-op medications, Neck pillow, Language assistance, Consultation with a surgeon, Follow-up visit, Consultation with a cardiologist, 4* Hotel, Transfer airport-hotel-clinic-airport.
- Stay Info: 7 Days stay in the hospital, 14 Days stay in the hotel, included in the price.
🕌Turkey: Top medical tourism destination
👍Pros:
- Internationally recognized healthcare. Turkey's medical tourism industry is booming, with over 1 million visitors annually. The country's medical facilities use the latest technologies and meet international standards.
- Affordability. Turkey's low cost of living and operational expenses, as well as its aim of attracting more medical tourists, mean that patients can save up to 50-70% on transgender surgery costs compared to the US or Europe.
- Comprehensive packages. Striving to secure Turkey’s place as the global leader in medical tourism, Turkish clinics offer all-inclusive packages for international patients. They cover the surgery, hospital stay, and sometimes even accommodation and transfers.
- Surgeon expertise. Turkish surgeons, often trained internationally, bring a high level of skill and innovation to gender-affirming surgeries. They are affiliated with global associations like the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) and the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), ensuring top-quality care.
- Government support. Turkey's government backs its medical tourism sector with incentives for healthcare providers and directly oversees that treatments meet the highest standards of care.
- Prime location. Turkey's convenient position makes it especially appealing to patients from Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. It's a place where East meets West, packed with history and beautiful spots that can make your recovery feel more like a mini-vacation. Istanbul's status as the world's most visited city is no accident, with its ancient landmarks and vibrant life drawing people from across the globe.
👎Cons:
- Cultural and legal climate. Despite the progressive nature of Turkey's gender clinics, the broader acceptance and legal recognition of transgender rights in Turkey can be inconsistent.
💸How much does transgender surgery cost in Turkey?
In Turkey, costs start at about $3,500 for voice or top surgery. Bookimed's Turkish partner clinics offer all-inclusive bottom surgery packages, with costs varying between $10,000 and $13,000.
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📸Check out before-and-after photos of transgender surgeries performed by leading surgeons in Turkey:
Takeaways
- Since sex reassignment surgery encompasses a vast number of procedures varying in complexity, costs vary widely, with the average price range being $3,000-$50,000.
- Top surgery procedures cost between $3,000 and $10,000, while bottom surgery averages between $6,400 and $25,000.
- Facial surgeries might cost between $1,000 and $50,000 depending on the type and number of procedures, while voice modification costs range from $5,000 to $9,000.
- In the US and the UK, top and bottom surgeries can cost up to $20,000 and $75,000, respectively. In contrast, Thailand and Turkey offer more affordable rates, with top surgery costing about $3,500-$7,600 and bottom surgery priced at $5,000-$22,000.
- Most insurance companies cover gender-affirming proceduresdeemed medically necessary. However, specific requirements such as hormone therapy duration and letters of readiness apply.
- Additional out-of-pocket expenses may be necessary for recovery aids, travel, and potential income loss during the recovery process.
- Patients may ease their financial burden by using payment plans, personal and medical credit cards, home equity loans, health accounts, crowdfunding, and grants from supportive organizations.
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- 4.4 • 58 reviews
- 33 years of experience
- 20000+ treatments performed
- Thailand, Bangkok, ID Clinic Bangkok
Dr Phatcharasak kraisornphongsakul MD
Graduated medicine from Khon Kaen University since 1986
General surgery Broad certified since 1986
Plastic surgery Board certified since 2000
Practice in plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery and stem cell therapy in many top tier hospitals more than 20 years experience Such as Bangkok hospital, Yanhee hospital and Kamol hospital for international patient from Europe , Australia USA and Asia
- 4.8 • 429 reviews
- 31 years of experience
- 10000+ treatments performed
- accreditation:
- Turkey, Istanbul, Istanbul Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center
Dr. Ergin Er is one of the best plastic surgeons in Turkey and in the world. It is confirmed by national awards.
He is a specialist in facial and body plastic & aesthetic procedures with the most updated methods available. Also Ergin Er is the
top rated tummy tuck surgeon and one of the best nose job surgeons in the world.
Awards
- 2000 — The Winner of the 22nd National Turkish Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Congress Assistant Presentation Competition.
- 2001 — The Winner of the 23rd National Turkish Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Congress Assistant Presentation Competition.
- 2004 — The Winner of the Scientific Contest at Hacettepe University Medical School of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Turkey.
- 2004 — The Winner of the International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery Research Competition, Canada.
Dr. Ergin Er's work experience
Plastic surgeon at the Istanbul Aesthetics Plastic Surgery Center.
Education
- 1993 — Gülhane Military Medical Academy — Degree in general medicine, Turkey.
- 1994 — Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Advanced Emergency Medicine Course, Turkey.
- 1996 — Gülhane Military Medical Academy — Specialty in plastic surgery, Turkey.
- 2001 — Microsurgery Course, Turkey.
- 2002 — Manhattan ENT center, Facial aesthetic surgery workshop, New York.
- Had a training in liposuction and body contouring at the American College of Surgeons.
Membership in organizations
- 4.8 • 121 reviews
- 10 years of experience
- Turkey, Istanbul, Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital
Dr. Yaman's treats about 500-600 patients anually. His practice covers a wide range of procedures, including wrinkle reduction, face lifting, nose and ear surgeries, breast reduction surgery, and body contouring procedures. He is dedicated to delivering natural-looking results and ensuring high patient satisfaction.
Education
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine (1995-2003)
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine (2009-2015)
- Basic Microsurgery at Hacettepe University
Membership
- Turkish Society of Reconstructive, Aesthetic, and Plastic Surgery
- Association of Emergency Hand and Microsurgery (ACELEMDER)
- 4.9 • 184 reviews
- 15 years of experience
- Turkey, Istanbul, Dr. MED
Dr Mustafa Aydinol is one of the most famous doctors in Turkey with over 15 years of experience for the Breast Augmentation, Fat Transfer work, Liposculpture, BBL and all body work. He has oven publication about Breast Augmentation like Combining Fat Injection and Breast Implants in Patients With Atrophied Breasts.
Also he other tech for liposculpture work, he uses vaser liposuction and lipomatic to create narrow and sport tummy.
He is top rated for mommy makeover and he is one of the best for BBL procedure.
Memberships
● Turkish Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons
● Turkish Society of Aesthetic Surgeons
● International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgey
Publications- ●"Multiple disseminated pyogenic granuloma after second degree scald burn: a rare two case"
●"Toe Amputation After Minor Surgery in a Patient with Behçet's Disease: A Case Report"
●"Perforator-based propeller flaps for leg reconstruction in pediatric patients"
●"Breast Augmentation Combining Fat Injection and Breast Implants in Patients With Atrophied Breasts"
EDUCATION:
2012 - 2017 Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Specialist Diploma
Dicle University - Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic
2004 - 2010 Medical Doctor Degree Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine
2001 - 2004 High School Diploma Cumhuriyet Science High School
1997 - 2001 Middle School Diploma Tarsus American College
- 5 • 20 reviews
- 24 years of experience
- Republic of Korea, Seoul, SAERO Plastic Surgery
Dr. Young Kyu Park
Plastic Surgery SpecialistDr. Park is a highly respected and board-certified plastic surgeon, known for his precision, academic excellence, and commitment to patient-centered care.
During his residency, Dr. Park was awarded the “Top Resident Award” by the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, in recognition of his outstanding clinical skills and dedication.
He offers an array of surgical procedures and holds membership in a number of professional societies. In addition to his clinical work, Dr. Park serves on multiple research and steering committees, reflecting his leadership and ongoing contributions to the advancement of aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery.
Awards
- Awarded Top Medical Resident by the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
Memberships
- Lifetime Member of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (KSPRS)
- Full Member of the Korean Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (KSAPS)
- Full Member of the Korean Society for Head and Neck Surgery
- Full Member of the Korean Breast Plastic Surgery Research Society
- Full Member of the Korean Eyelid Surgery Research Society
- Full Member of the Korean Rhinoplasty Research Society
- Full Member of the Korean Fat Plastic Surgery Research Society
- Former Professor at Gangnam Sungsim Plastic Surgery Hospital
- International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)
- Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
- Steering Committee member of KSPRS's Anti-aging plastic surgery research society, Rhinoplasty research society, and Filler, Thread research societyEducation
- Dr. Park graduated summa cum laude from Hallym University and currently serves as an adjunct professor at Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital.
Academic Activities and Research
- 성형외과 영역에서 이물질 주사에 대한 고해상초음파 검사의 유용성
- Usefulness of High-Resolution Ultrasonography after Foreign Body Injection on Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
성형외과 영역의 수술 시 마취하 검시관리의 응용에 대한 고찰
Consideration on Application of Modified Monitored Anesthetic Care in Plastic Surgery만성 창상에서 발생한 Marjolin's Ulcer에서 광범위 절제술과 동시에 시행한 미용적 복부 성형술의 증례보고
Abdominoplasty Combined with Wide Excision in Marjolin's Ulcer: A Case Report원발성 이하선 비호지킨 림프종: 증례보고
Primary Parotid Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Case Report일차의료에서 활용 가능한 노쇠 임상진료지침
Clinical Practice Guideline for Frailty Applicable in Primary Care SettingIndomethacin Cream (Vigel Cream®)에 의해 발생한 화학적 화상의 증례보고
A case of Chemical Burn due to Indomethacin Cream (Vigel Cream®): A Case Report Burns in Patients with Epileptic Seizure
- 4.3 • 62 reviews
- 19 years of experience
- Poland, Jelenia Góra, KCM Clinic
Dr. Aleksandra Luniewska is a highly experienced Plastic Surgeon who graduated from the Silesian Medical Academy in Katowice at the Faculty of Medicine. She has dedicated her professional journey to mastering modern techniques in plastic surgery, with a special emphasis on face modeling, fat grafting, breast surgery, and liposuction. Dr. Luniewska's competence and dedication are reflected in the positive feedback from her patients.
Education
- Graduated from the Silesian Medical Academy in Katowice at the Faculty of Medicine
- Undertook internships at prestigious European clinics
Membership
- Member of the Polish Society of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery
- 4.7 • 497 reviews
- 48 years of experience
- Turkey, Istanbul, Anadolu Medical Center
Prof. MD Zafer Gulbas, founder of Bone Marrow Transplantation Center at Anadolu. He is one of the top lymphoma doctors in Turkey. The Professor has been working as a medical oncology and hematology specialist and director of medical oncology at Anadolu Medical Center since 2005.
He is No. 1 hematologist-oncologist in Turkey, specializes in bone marrow transplant.
Education
- Hacettepe University Medical School
- Anadolu University Medical School
- Atatürk Pulmonary Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Center
- Hadassah Medical Center, Israel
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
- M.D.Anderson Cancer Research Center, USA
- Toronto University Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Learn more about hematology oncology specialists and clinics here.
- 4.8 • 19 reviews
- 12 years of experience
- Turkey, Istanbul, Dr. Safa Manav Clinic
Dr. Ali Sadioğlu is a distinguished medical professional with a wealth of experience and a passion for plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. His impressive journey began when he graduated from Ankara Science High School in 2006, followed by his graduation from Ankara University Faculty of Medicine in 2013.
In 2014, Dr. Sadioğlu proved his exceptional skills by securing the 59th rank out of approximately ten thousand doctors in the Medical Specialization Examination (TUS). This achievement earned him a coveted training position at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery—an institution renowned for its excellence in plastic surgery in Turkey.
During his residency at Gazi University, Dr. Sadioğlu honed his surgical expertise, performing a multitude of aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries. His dedication to advancing his knowledge led him to complete a rigorous course organized by the Reconstructive Microsurgery Association, culminating in the acquisition of a prestigious microsurgery certificate.
In 2020, Dr. Sadioğlu successfully completed his residency, marking a significant milestone in his career. His finishing thesis, titled “The Long-term Effects of Abobotulinumtoxin A on Skin in a Rat Model,” demonstrated his commitment to innovative research and scholarship.
From 2020 to 2022, Dr. Sadioğlu fulfilled his obligatory service at Ankara Training and Research Hospital while also contributing to the education of residents. During this period, he actively participated in various national and international meetings and courses, making notable oral presentations.
- 4.8 • 429 reviews
- 42 years of experience
- accreditations:
- Turkey, Istanbul, Istanbul Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center
Prof. Gürhan Özcan is a top rated plastic surgeon in Turkey and one of best plastic surgeons in Istanbul, according to the Bookimed patients with over 35 years of practical experience. He is the best tummy tuck surgeon and top revision rhinoplasty surgeon in Istanbul Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Center.
Specialty
Dr. Gürhan Özcan is an expert nose, eyelid, breast and abdominal surgeries.
Work experience
- Since 1995 — Private practice. Currently serves patients at Istanbul Aesthetics Plastic Surgery Center
- 1995 — Founding chairman of the Department of Plastic Surgery at Başkent University Faculty of Medicine (Turkey)
- 1991-1995 — Assistant Professor at Hacettepe University Medical Faculty
- 1985-1988 — Plastic surgeon in the Department of Plastic Surgery at Baylor Medical School in Houston (USA)
- 1983-1985 — Plastic surgeon at the Çorlu Military Hospital (Turkey).
Education
- 1977 — The Medical Faculty of Hacettepe University — Degree in general medicine
- 1983 — The Medical Faculty of Hacettepe University — Specialty in plastic surgery.
Membership in organizations
- The Turkish Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (TSAPS)
- The European Association of Plastic Surgeons (ESPRAS)
- The European Board of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (EBOPRAS).
- 4.7 • 497 reviews
- 32 years of experience
- Turkey, Istanbul, Anadolu Medical Center
Dr. Bülent Karagöz is a top Turkish medical oncologist, sarcoma, lymphoma, pancreatic, lung cancer oncologist, and breast cancer surgeon with experience of over 20 years. His main sub-specialties are tumor biology, tumor immunology, cancer Immunotherapy, and targeted therapies.
Work experience
- Since 2019 — Medical oncologist at Anadolu Medical Center
- 2019 — Head of Internal Diseases Department, Head of Internal Diseases and Medical Oncology Departments and Head of Medical Ethics Committee, Istanbul Okan University Faculty of Medicine
- 2017-2019 — Head of Medical Oncology at the Department of Internal Medicine in GATA Haydarpaşa Training Hospital
- 2012-2017 — Head of Medical Oncology Section of Internal Medicine Department in GATA Haydarpaşa Training Hospital
- 2003 — Internal medicine specialist in Çorlu Soldier Hospital
- 2001 — NATO KFOR Command in NATO
- 1993-1995 — Turkish Cypriot Peace Forces Command.
Education
- 1992 — Gülhane Military Medical Academy — Degree in general medicine
- 1999 — GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital — Specialty in internal medicine
- 2006 — GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital — Specialty in medical oncology.
Teaching activity
- 2017 — Professor at Istanbul Okan University Faculty of Medicine.
Scientific activity
Has written over 40 publications in cancer research.
Membership
- The Turkish Medical Oncology Association.
- Dr. Isabella Bernaschina is certified by the RCG, Mexico's top regenerative medicine community.
- Medical Center Juventa serves 500 patients annually, attracting visitors from Europe, the USA, and more.
- Included Services: Consultation with a doctor, apartments, VIP transfer.
- Stay Info: 3 days stay in the hotel, food not included.
- Method: 50 million stem cells package for alopecia.
- Nuclear matrix protein determination 22 (NMP-22)
- Stem cell rejuvenation therapy (anti-aging)
- Rejuvenation with donor stem cells
- Consultation with a doctor
- Food not included
- Apartments
- VIP transfer (premium vehicle service, all transfers between airport, hotel and clinic)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine. Gender Affirmation Surgeries. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gender-affirmation-surgeries
- Healthline. (2022). Everything You Need to Know About Gender Affirming Care. https://www.healthline.com/health/what-is-gender-affirming-care
- The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. (2022). Utilization and Costs of Gender-Affirming Care in a Commercially Insured Transgender Population. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9679590/
- Medical News Today. (2022). Which insurance companies cover gender affirmation surgery and how to apply. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/insurance-companies-that-cover-gender-reassignment-surgery
- Investopedia. (2023). Does Insurance Cover Gender-Affirming Care? https://www.investopedia.com/paying-for-transgender-surgeries-5184794
- Bloomberg. (2015). How Thailand Became a Global Gender-Change Destination. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2015-10-26/how-thailand-became-a-global-gender-change-destination