Urology
All specialties
Urology
All specialties

Best urologists: TOP 505 doctors

Content meets the Bookimed Editorial Policy and is medically reviewed by
Fahad Mawlood - General practitioner. Winner of 4 scientific awards. Served in Western Asia. Former Team Leader of a medical team supporting Arabic-speaking patients. Now responsible for data processing and medical content accuracy.
Professor Volker Budach
Radiation oncologist
44 years of experience

Professor Volker Budach

Radiation oncologist
44 years of experience
Germany, Berlin
Privatpraxis Vosspalais
Professor Simone Marnitz
Radiation oncologist
20 years of experience

Professor Simone Marnitz

Radiation oncologist
20 years of experience
Germany, Berlin
Privatpraxis Vosspalais
Tuncay Tas
Urologist
20 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Safe Urology

Tuncay Tas

Urologist
20 years of experience

Field of Speciality: Urology
Date of Birth: 1980
School of Medicine:  Istanbul University School of Medicine
Graduate Medical Education: University of Health Sciences Taksim Training & Research Hospital
Fellowship: Urological Oncology and Laparoscopic Urology Department of Urology SLK Kliniken Heilbronn University of Heidelberg, Germany
Foreign Language: English

Read more

Field of Speciality: Urology
Date of Birth: 1980
School of Medicine:  Istanbul University School of Medicine
Graduate Medical Education: University of Health Sciences Taksim Training & Research Hospital
Fellowship: Urological Oncology and Laparoscopic Urology Department of Urology SLK Kliniken Heilbronn University of Heidelberg, Germany
Foreign Language: English

Read more
Tansu Turgut
Urologist
14 years of experience
5.0
1 review
Turkey, İzmir
Ekol International Hospitals

Tansu Turgut

Urologist
14 years of experience

He completed his medical education in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine (English) in 1995. Between 1995-2000, he completed his specialization in Urology at Dokuz Eylül University Department of Urology.

After his specialization, he worked as a urology specialist at Bayındır State Hospital, Karşıyaka State Hospital, Kemalpaşa State Hospital.
After his specialty education, he continued his vocational education by participating in many different educations, courses and congresses. He received different educations such as endourology courses, PNL - RIRS (closed kidney stone surgeries) course, CİSED training (Association of Sexual Health Institute). He made frequent speeches in congresses, television programs and social media, especially in recent times. He is the member of Turkish Urology Association, Urological Surgery Association and European Urology Association.

Op. Dr. Tansu Turgut is fluent in English and his level of German is intermediate.

Laparoscopic Kidney Cancer

  • Kidney Cysts
  • Kidney Duct Stenosis Operations
  • Holmium Laser Closed (Percutaneous / Flexible-RIRS) Kidney Stone Surgery
  • Laser Endoscopic Ureteral Stone Surgery
  • Radical Cystectomy Ileal Bladder (Artificial Bladder) Surgery
  • Closed Bladder Cancer Surgery (TUR-M)
  • Laser Closed Bladder Cancer and Bladder Stone Surgery
  • Laparoscopic Prostate Cancer Surgery
  • Endoscopic Prostate Treatment (Prostate treatment with laser and plasma kinetic technology TUR-P, TURIS, BiVAP, HOLEP)
  • Testicular Cancer Treatments
  • Urinary Incontinence Treatments
  • Varicocele and Infertility Treatments
  • Undescended Testicle
  • Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatments
  • Hipospadias (Prophet's Sunnah) Circumcision
  • One-piece, two-piece, three-piece transverse-longitudinal Penile Prosthesis Implantation in the erection problem (impotence) (happiness stick)
    *REVERSE VASECTOMY*
Read more

He completed his medical education in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine (English) in 1995. Between 1995-2000, he completed his specialization in Urology at Dokuz Eylül University Department of Urology.

After his specialization, he worked as a urology specialist at Bayındır State Hospital, Karşıyaka State Hospital, Kemalpaşa State Hospital.
After his specialty education, he continued his vocational education by participating in many different educations, courses and congresses. He received different educations such as endourology courses, PNL - RIRS (closed kidney stone surgeries) course, CİSED training (Association of Sexual Health Institute). He made frequent speeches in congresses, television programs and social media, especially in recent times. He is the member of Turkish Urology Association, Urological Surgery Association and European Urology Association.

Op. Dr. Tansu Turgut is fluent in English and his level of German is intermediate.

Laparoscopic Kidney Cancer

  • Kidney Cysts
  • Kidney Duct Stenosis Operations
  • Holmium Laser Closed (Percutaneous / Flexible-RIRS) Kidney Stone Surgery
  • Laser Endoscopic Ureteral Stone Surgery
  • Radical Cystectomy Ileal Bladder (Artificial Bladder) Surgery
  • Closed Bladder Cancer Surgery (TUR-M)
  • Laser Closed Bladder Cancer and Bladder Stone Surgery
  • Laparoscopic Prostate Cancer Surgery
  • Endoscopic Prostate Treatment (Prostate treatment with laser and plasma kinetic technology TUR-P, TURIS, BiVAP, HOLEP)
  • Testicular Cancer Treatments
  • Urinary Incontinence Treatments
  • Varicocele and Infertility Treatments
  • Undescended Testicle
  • Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatments
  • Hipospadias (Prophet's Sunnah) Circumcision
  • One-piece, two-piece, three-piece transverse-longitudinal Penile Prosthesis Implantation in the erection problem (impotence) (happiness stick)
    *REVERSE VASECTOMY*
Read more
Stephany Ramirez
Dentist
5 years of experience

Stephany Ramirez

Dentist
5 years of experience
Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo
Dystec Dental Clinic
Dr Hamid Razaghi
Cardiologist
74 years of experience
United Kingdom, Birmingham
noor

Dr Hamid Razaghi

Cardiologist
74 years of experience

he is best professor

Read more

he is best professor

Ali Yildiz
Urological surgeon
18 years of experience
4.4
10 reviews

Ali Yildiz

Urological surgeon
18 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Istanbul Okan University Hospital
4.4
10 reviews
Doctor's visit price on request
Transurethral resection of the bladder $5500 - $7500
Microsurgical intervention for Varicocele $5390 - $7500
Prostatectomy
More treatments
Yener Gultekin
Urologist
47 years of experience
5.0
1 review

Yener Gultekin

Urologist
47 years of experience
Turkey, Sivas
Medicana Sivas Hospital
Aykut Recep Aktas
Neuroradiologist
24 years of experience
Turkey, Antalya
Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş Interventional Radiology and Ultrasound Clinic

Aykut Recep Aktas

Neuroradiologist
24 years of experience
Dr. Aykut Recep Aktas is a specialist in interventional radiology with a focus on varicose veins treatment, imaging techniques in radiology, minimally invasive procedures, and radiological applications in oncology. He is a member of several professional societies including the Turkish Radiology Association and the European Society of Radiology. His research has been published in various medical journals.Read more
Dr. Aykut Recep Aktas is a specialist in interventional radiology with a focus on varicose veins treatment, imaging techniques in radiology, minimally invasive procedures, and radiological applications in oncology. He is a member of several professional societies including the Turkish Radiology Association and the European Society of Radiology. His research has been published in various medical journals.
Read more
Oguzhan Parlakkci
Urologist
24 years of experience
4.3
41 reviews

Oguzhan Parlakkci

Urologist
24 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Estophia Hospital
4.3
41 reviews
Doctor's visit price on request
Prostatectomy $4000 - $14000
Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy $12000 - $14000
More treatments
Fatih Kurtuluş
Urologist
27 years of experience
4.3
41 reviews
Turkey, Istanbul
Estophia Hospital

Fatih Kurtuluş

Urologist
27 years of experience

Prof. Dr. Fatih Kurtuluş is a Urologist and FEBU (Fellow of European Board of Urology) who graduated from Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine (English), in 1997. He has experience in the fields of endourology and urooncology and has been a professor of Urology since 2018. He has been involved in various organizations and research projects and has published various articles in international refereed journals. He is also a member of various Associations such as the European Association of Urology, Endourological Society, Turkish Association of Urology, and Urooncology Association.

Read more

Prof. Dr. Fatih Kurtuluş is a Urologist and FEBU (Fellow of European Board of Urology) who graduated from Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine (English), in 1997. He has experience in the fields of endourology and urooncology and has been a professor of Urology since 2018. He has been involved in various organizations and research projects and has published various articles in international refereed journals. He is also a member of various Associations such as the European Association of Urology, Endourological Society, Turkish Association of Urology, and Urooncology Association.

Read more
4.3
41 reviews
Doctor's visit price on request
Prostatectomy $4000 - $14000
Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy $12000 - $14000
More treatments
Murat Arslan
Urologist
19 years of experience
4.4
10 reviews

Murat Arslan

Urologist
19 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Istanbul Okan University Hospital
4.4
10 reviews
Doctor's visit price on request
Transurethral resection of the bladder $5500 - $7500
Microsurgical intervention for Varicocele $5390 - $7500
Prostatectomy
More treatments
Gülyüz Öztürk
Pediatric hematologist/oncologist
32 years of experience
4.1
7 reviews

Gülyüz Öztürk

Pediatric hematologist/oncologist
32 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Acibadem Altunizade Clinic
Prof Bulent Erol Md
Urologist
21 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Bahceci Fertility

Prof Bulent Erol Md

Urologist
21 years of experience

Prof. Bülent Erol, MDE

Education

• 2017- - Title of Profesor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2012-2017 - Associate professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2011-2012 - Associate professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2006-2010 - Assistant professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 1997-2003 - Expertise in Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul Medical Faculty, Urology
• 1991-1997 - İstanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Master's Degree

Experience

• 2003 – 2006 - V.K.V Amerikan Hospital, Urology/IVF Centre
• 2006 – 2007 - Gülhane Military Medical Academy Urology
• 2007-2010 - Assistant professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2011-2012 - Associate Professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2012-2017 - Associate Professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2017-2019 - Title of Professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2019- Bahçeci Fulya IVF Centre / İstanbul

Rewards

EROL B., 25ci National Urology Congress Endourology sub-branch Best Paper Award, Turkish Urolgoy Association, October 2016
EROL B., Academic encouragement medical faculty winner, Istanbul Medeniyet University Rector, April 2016

Patent

Erol B., Patent, Türkiye 2014.
Erol B, Patent, Avrupa 2019
DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETIC-MICRO PARTICLES THAT PROVIDE CONTROLLED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN (GAG) RELEASE AND THE INTRAVESICAL USAGE OF IT IN INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS

Certificates, Courses and Trainings

Neururology: Sacral, Pudendal and Tibial Neuromodulation, Trigger Point Injections-Botox. Beaumont Hospital, Detroit-Michigan, USA, 2019
Female Urology, Pelvic Reconstruction & Neururology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 2011
Urological Minimally Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopy, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological Institute, Minimal Invasive Surgery, 2008
Urological Minimally Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopy, Charité Hospital, Berlin, Department of Urology, 2006
Male and Female Sexual Health, Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 1999-2000

Courses Given

2006-2019

Male Infertility

Male Sexual Dysfunction

Female Sexual Dysfunction

Nöroüroloj of-Urodynamics

Urinary Incontinence in Male and Female

Pevic Organ Prolapse in Women

Pelvic Pain

Bladder Pain Syndrome-Interstitial Cystitis

Supported Projects

KALCIOĞLU M. T. , SAMASTI M., EROL B., KÜRÜM E., ATIŞ G., KARA M. A. , OVALI H. F. , Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, Medeniyet Medical Journal isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınının sürdürülmesi 2, 2016 - 2019

SAMASTI M., KALCIOĞLU M. T. , AKALIN İ., IRAZ M., EROL B., POYANLI O., KÜRÜM E., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, Medeniyet Medical Journal isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınının sürdürülmesi, 2015 - 2016

KARAMAN M. İ. , YILMAZ S. N. , EROL B., ÇAŞKURLU T., EFİLOĞLU Ö., AKALIN İ., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, AGRESİF PROSTAT KANSERİ ETYOLOJİSİNDE miRNA VE TREG İLİŞKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI, 2015 - 2016

SAMASTI M., POYANLI O. Ş. , KALCIOĞLU M. T. , IRAZ M., EROL B., AKALIN İ., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, "Medeniyet Medical Journal" isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınlanması, 2015 - 2015

Activities in Scientific Journals

SM Journal of Urology, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

Turkish Journal of Urology, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

International Archives of Urology and Complications, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

Journal of Nephrology Research Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

MEDICAL JOURNAL Civilizations, Editorial Board Member, 2014 - Continues

<h5

The ghrelin and orexin activity in testicular tissues of patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia

 

 

Read more

Prof. Bülent Erol, MDE

Education

• 2017- - Title of Profesor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2012-2017 - Associate professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2011-2012 - Associate professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 2006-2010 - Assistant professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences
• 1997-2003 - Expertise in Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul Medical Faculty, Urology
• 1991-1997 - İstanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Master's Degree

Experience

• 2003 – 2006 - V.K.V Amerikan Hospital, Urology/IVF Centre
• 2006 – 2007 - Gülhane Military Medical Academy Urology
• 2007-2010 - Assistant professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2011-2012 - Associate Professor, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2012-2017 - Associate Professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2017-2019 - Title of Professor, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Medical Faculty, Surgical Medical Sciences Department
• 2019- Bahçeci Fulya IVF Centre / İstanbul

Rewards

EROL B., 25ci National Urology Congress Endourology sub-branch Best Paper Award, Turkish Urolgoy Association, October 2016
EROL B., Academic encouragement medical faculty winner, Istanbul Medeniyet University Rector, April 2016

Patent

Erol B., Patent, Türkiye 2014.
Erol B, Patent, Avrupa 2019
DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETIC-MICRO PARTICLES THAT PROVIDE CONTROLLED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN (GAG) RELEASE AND THE INTRAVESICAL USAGE OF IT IN INTERSTITIAL CYSTITIS

Certificates, Courses and Trainings

Neururology: Sacral, Pudendal and Tibial Neuromodulation, Trigger Point Injections-Botox. Beaumont Hospital, Detroit-Michigan, USA, 2019
Female Urology, Pelvic Reconstruction & Neururology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 2011
Urological Minimally Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopy, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological Institute, Minimal Invasive Surgery, 2008
Urological Minimally Invasive Surgery and Laparoscopy, Charité Hospital, Berlin, Department of Urology, 2006
Male and Female Sexual Health, Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 1999-2000

Courses Given

2006-2019

Male Infertility

Male Sexual Dysfunction

Female Sexual Dysfunction

Nöroüroloj of-Urodynamics

Urinary Incontinence in Male and Female

Pevic Organ Prolapse in Women

Pelvic Pain

Bladder Pain Syndrome-Interstitial Cystitis

Supported Projects

KALCIOĞLU M. T. , SAMASTI M., EROL B., KÜRÜM E., ATIŞ G., KARA M. A. , OVALI H. F. , Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, Medeniyet Medical Journal isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınının sürdürülmesi 2, 2016 - 2019

SAMASTI M., KALCIOĞLU M. T. , AKALIN İ., IRAZ M., EROL B., POYANLI O., KÜRÜM E., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, Medeniyet Medical Journal isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınının sürdürülmesi, 2015 - 2016

KARAMAN M. İ. , YILMAZ S. N. , EROL B., ÇAŞKURLU T., EFİLOĞLU Ö., AKALIN İ., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, AGRESİF PROSTAT KANSERİ ETYOLOJİSİNDE miRNA VE TREG İLİŞKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI, 2015 - 2016

SAMASTI M., POYANLI O. Ş. , KALCIOĞLU M. T. , IRAZ M., EROL B., AKALIN İ., Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, "Medeniyet Medical Journal" isimli süreli bilimsel tıp dergisinin yayınlanması, 2015 - 2015

Activities in Scientific Journals

SM Journal of Urology, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

Turkish Journal of Urology, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

International Archives of Urology and Complications, Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

Journal of Nephrology Research Editorial Board Member, 2015 - Continues

MEDICAL JOURNAL Civilizations, Editorial Board Member, 2014 - Continues

<h5

The ghrelin and orexin activity in testicular tissues of patients with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia

 

 

Read more
Ali Seydi Ozgul
Cardiologist
16 years of experience

Ali Seydi Ozgul

Cardiologist
16 years of experience
Turkey, İzmir
PARKHAYAT
Yilmaz Salman
Urologist
23 years of experience

Yilmaz Salman

Urologist
23 years of experience
Turkey, Istanbul
Medistanbul Hospital
Doctor's visit price on request
Prostatectomy $4400 - $6750
Nephrectomy $3550 - $7150
Vasectomy $900 - $1600
More treatments
Berkan Resorlu
Urologist
21 years of experience
Turkey, Ankara
Prof. Dr. Berkan Resorlu Urology Clinic

Berkan Resorlu

Urologist
21 years of experience

Prof. Dr. Berkan Reşorlu was born in 1979 in Ankara. He completed his Medical Education in Ankara University between 1997-2003. Between 2003-2008, he completed his residency in Urology at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine and became a Urology Specialist. He has carried out many international studies after his specialization, has contributed significantly to the literature by publishing more than 110 articles in international journals with SCI / SCI-E index, and in 2013 he received the title of Associate Professor, in 2022 he received the title of Professor.

Read more

Prof. Dr. Berkan Reşorlu was born in 1979 in Ankara. He completed his Medical Education in Ankara University between 1997-2003. Between 2003-2008, he completed his residency in Urology at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine and became a Urology Specialist. He has carried out many international studies after his specialization, has contributed significantly to the literature by publishing more than 110 articles in international journals with SCI / SCI-E index, and in 2013 he received the title of Associate Professor, in 2022 he received the title of Professor.

Read more
Carlos Castaño
Urologist
24 years of experience
Colombia, Medellín
Stem Cells Colombia

Carlos Castaño

Urologist
24 years of experience

Dr. Castaño currently works in the field of Functional Urology at the CES University Clinic in Medellin Colombia. He completed his residency in urology at the same University in 2005. He has been working on educational projects for the Colombian Society of Urology in the Department of Urodynamics and Incontinence (former director 2013/2015) and also served as Director in the Urodynamics, Pelvic Floor and Incontinence working group of the American Confederation of Urology between 2014 and 2018.

 

He is currently an active member of the Neuro-Urology promotion committee and the neuro-urology school of the International Continence Society (ICS).

 

In addition to general urology, his field of action focuses mainly on the treatment of men and women with functional and anatomical alterations of the lower urinary tract and who present with urinary incontinence (stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and urinary incontinence after prostate surgery) or urinary retention (prostate growth, functional obstruction of the lower urinary tract, urethral stricture).

 

Dr. Castaño is internationally recognized for his work related to Neuromodulation and Neurostimulation in idiopathic and neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract and continues to actively participate in the education of fellows and residents, conferences, clinical research and publication in medical journals, also as a reviewer for some indexed medical journals such as Neurourology and Urodynamics.

Read more

Dr. Castaño currently works in the field of Functional Urology at the CES University Clinic in Medellin Colombia. He completed his residency in urology at the same University in 2005. He has been working on educational projects for the Colombian Society of Urology in the Department of Urodynamics and Incontinence (former director 2013/2015) and also served as Director in the Urodynamics, Pelvic Floor and Incontinence working group of the American Confederation of Urology between 2014 and 2018.

 

He is currently an active member of the Neuro-Urology promotion committee and the neuro-urology school of the International Continence Society (ICS).

 

In addition to general urology, his field of action focuses mainly on the treatment of men and women with functional and anatomical alterations of the lower urinary tract and who present with urinary incontinence (stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and urinary incontinence after prostate surgery) or urinary retention (prostate growth, functional obstruction of the lower urinary tract, urethral stricture).

 

Dr. Castaño is internationally recognized for his work related to Neuromodulation and Neurostimulation in idiopathic and neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract and continues to actively participate in the education of fellows and residents, conferences, clinical research and publication in medical journals, also as a reviewer for some indexed medical journals such as Neurourology and Urodynamics.

Read more
Kovalenko Vladimir
Urologist
49 years of experience
5.0
5 reviews
Ukraine, Kyiv
ABLOU Stem Cell Clinic

Kovalenko Vladimir

Urologist
49 years of experience
UrologistRead more
Urologist
Kittinut Kijvikai
4.5
126 reviews
Thailand, Bangkok
Bumrungrad International Hospital
Dr. Kittinut Kijvikai is a specialized urologist with expertise in procedures like Prostatectomy, Nephrectomy, and Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy. His research interests lie in prostate cancer treatment, particularly the efficacy of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) and robotic-assisted surgery in bladder cancer treatment.Read more
Dr. Kittinut Kijvikai is a specialized urologist with expertise in procedures like Prostatectomy, Nephrectomy, and Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy. His research interests lie in prostate cancer treatment, particularly the efficacy of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) and robotic-assisted surgery in bladder cancer treatment.
Read more
4.5
126 reviews
Doctor's visit price on request
Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy $29270 - $32350
Prostatectomy
More treatments
This page may feature information relating to various medical conditions, treatments, and healthcare services available in different countries. Please be advised that the content is provided for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice or guidance. Please consult with your doctor or a qualified medical professional before starting or changing medical treatment.