| Italy | Turkey | Austria | |
| Pulmonary hypertension stem cell treatment | ≈ $30,000 | ≈ $7,500 | ≈ $12,000 |
| LDL Apheresis | ≈ $1,300 | ≈ $450 | ≈ $1,100 |
Dr. Roberto Chiesa is a vascular surgeon at San Raffaele Research Hospital in Milan. He specializes in thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic diseases. Dr. Chiesa is known for his work on the frozen elephant trunk technique. He holds specializations in general, vascular, and cardiac surgery. His expertise includes treating vascular graft infections and complex aortic conditions.