| Italy | Turkey | Austria | |
| Tomotherapy | ≈ $9,500 | from $6,700 | ≈ $9,500 |
| Rectal resection | from $18,000 | from $7,000 | ≈ $21,000 |
| NanoKnife | ≈ $9,500 | ≈ $9,500 | ≈ $25,000 |
| Laparoscopic mesorectumrctonomy | ≈ $11,500 | from $37,900 | ≈ $17,500 |
| Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) | ≈ $21,000 | from $18,000 | ≈ $24,000 |
Professor Michele Reni coordinates Italy's pancreatic cancer treatment guidelines and has published 180+ cancer research papers.
Dr. Riccardo Rosati heads the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department at San Raffaele Hospital in Milan. He leads a high-volume center that treats approximately 2,000 surgical cases every year. Dr. Rosati specializes in minimally invasive surgery for esophageal and large bowel diseases. He has authored over 300 scientific publications on digestive tract disorders.